The History Of Aviation Explained
Summary
TLDRThis video explores the fascinating history of aviation, covering its evolution from ancient myths of flight to modern-day aircraft. It begins with legendary tales like the Greek myth of Icarus and Shah Kay Kavus of Persia, leading to early human-powered flight attempts and breakthrough inventions like the hot air balloon by the Montgolfier brothers. The video also delves into the development of airships, the Wright brothers' pioneering airplane, advancements during World Wars, and the rise of commercial aviation. Viewers are encouraged to like, comment, and subscribe for more content.
Takeaways
- 🛫 The history of aviation began with ancient myths from Greece and Persia that inspired humanity's dreams of flight.
- 🕊️ Early experiments in flight included human-powered attempts and steam-powered models like the wooden pigeon by Greek mathematician Archytas.
- 🎈 The first successful manned flight was achieved by the Montgolfier brothers in 1783 using a hot air balloon, which marked a significant milestone in aviation history.
- 🦅 Jacques Charles and the Robert brothers further advanced aviation with the development of the first hydrogen balloon, introducing a new power source for flight.
- 🚢 The 19th century saw the rise of airships, with significant contributions from inventors like Andrei Giffard and Ferdinand von Zeppelin, leading to the development of dirigibles and blimps.
- ✈️ The Wright brothers revolutionized aviation with the Wright Flyer in 1903, the first powered and piloted airplane, laying the foundation for modern aircraft design.
- ⚔️ Aviation became crucial in warfare, particularly during World War I and World War II, with the introduction of weaponized airplanes and the emergence of aerial combat.
- 👩✈️ Iconic female aviators like Bessie Coleman and Amelia Earhart broke barriers and set records, contributing significantly to the advancement of aviation.
- 🚁 The development of the autogyro by Juan de la Cierva in the 1920s was an early inspiration for modern helicopters.
- 🚀 The invention of the jet engine and the development of high-speed aircraft, including the breaking of the sound barrier by Chuck Yeager, marked significant advancements in aviation technology.
Q & A
What were the early inspirations for man-made flight according to ancient myths?
-The early inspirations for man-made flight came from ancient myths, particularly the Greek myth of Icarus and the Persian legend of Shah Kay Kavus. In the Greek myth, Icarus and his father Daedalus crafted wings from feathers and wax to escape from imprisonment. Icarus flew too close to the sun, causing the wax to melt and leading to his fall. In the Persian legend, Shah Kay Kavus used a craft carried by eagles to fly.
Who were the first successful creators of a man-made aircraft, and what did they invent?
-The first successful creators of a man-made aircraft were the Montgolfier brothers, Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier, who invented the hot air balloon. Their first public flight took place on June 4, 1783, in Annonay, France, where the balloon reached an altitude of approximately 1,600 to 2,000 meters and remained airborne for about 10 minutes.
What was the significance of the Wright Flyer in aviation history?
-The Wright Flyer, designed by Orville and Wilbur Wright, was significant because it was the first piloted, engine-powered airplane to achieve powered, heavier-than-air flight. The first successful flight took place on December 17, 1903, covering a distance of 120 feet. This aircraft laid the foundation for modern aviation.
What were some of the challenges faced by early balloon aviators?
-Early balloon aviators faced challenges such as controlling the direction of the balloons, dealing with altitude sickness, and the dangers of flammable gases like hydrogen. For example, Professor Jacques Charles experienced altitude sickness and hearing pain when he reached an altitude of 9,800 feet in a hydrogen balloon.
How did dirigibles differ from earlier hot air balloons, and what were their advantages?
-Dirigibles differed from earlier hot air balloons by being steerable and powered, allowing for controlled flight. They were typically powered by engines and had propellers to guide their direction. Dirigibles like the Giffard dirigible and La France provided better control, enabling round-trip flights and longer travel distances.
What advancements did the Wright brothers make with the Wright Flyer 3?
-The Wright brothers made several important advancements with the Wright Flyer 3, including doubling the size of the elevator and rudder, installing a larger fuel tank, replacing the rudder on a separate control handle, and adding radiators to prevent overheating. These modifications significantly improved the plane's stability and flight capabilities.
How did World War I impact the development of aviation?
-World War I greatly accelerated the development of aviation, as both the Allied and Central Powers armed their planes with machine guns, leading to dogfights in the sky. The importance of aircraft in warfare became evident, and notable aces like Eddie Rickenbacker and Manfred von Richthofen emerged. The war underscored the critical role of aviation in future conflicts.
What were some of the contributions of female aviators in the early 20th century?
-Female aviators like Raymonde de Laroche, Bessie Coleman, and Amelia Earhart made significant contributions to aviation. Raymonde de Laroche was the first woman to earn a piloting license, Bessie Coleman became the first African-American woman to earn a piloting license, and Amelia Earhart broke several flight records and attempted to fly around the world.
What role did the development of the jet engine play in aviation history?
-The development of the jet engine revolutionized aviation by enabling high-speed flight. The first turbojet-powered aircraft, the Heinkel He 178, made its first flight in 1939. Jet engines allowed planes to break the sound barrier, as demonstrated by Chuck Yeager in 1947, and set new speed records, transforming both military and commercial aviation.
How did the use of airships evolve from the 19th to the 20th century?
-Airships evolved from simple hot air balloons to more advanced dirigibles and blimps. Dirigibles like the Giffard dirigible and La France introduced engine-powered, steerable flight. In the 20th century, the development of rigid airships like the Zeppelin allowed for greater cargo capacity and military use. Blimps, which relied on non-flammable helium, became popular for their safety and stability.
Outlines
✈️ Ancient Dreams of Flight
This paragraph introduces the history of aviation, beginning with mythological tales of flight from ancient Greece and Persia. It highlights the stories of Icarus and Shah Kay Kavos, which captivated imaginations with ideas of man-made flight. Additionally, it mentions early mechanical flight experiments, including a wooden pigeon created by Greek mathematicians and subsequent attempts by inventors like Abbas Ibn Firnas and Ilmer of Malmsbury, laying the groundwork for future innovations.
🎈 The First Hot Air Balloons
This paragraph details the invention of the first successful hot air balloons by the Montgolfier brothers in 1782. Inspired by drying laundry, Joseph Montgolfier built an experimental balloon that rose with heated air. The brothers later constructed larger balloons, including a 60,000 cubic foot balloon that enabled the first manned flight. The significance of their invention is marked by public demonstrations, including flights witnessed by French royalty and the transportation of livestock to test the effects of high-altitude flight.
🎈 Hydrogen Balloons and New Challenges
This paragraph describes the creation of the first hydrogen balloon by the Robert brothers and Professor Jacques Charles in 1783. Their balloons featured innovative designs, including airtight gas bags stitched with rubber and silk. This technological advancement allowed for higher flights and the gathering of meteorological data. Despite the success of these balloons, aviators encountered challenges such as altitude sickness, prompting further research into the possibilities and limitations of manned flight.
🚀 From Dirigibles to Zeppelins
The development of airships, also known as dirigibles, is discussed in this paragraph. Starting with the steam-powered airship of André Giffard in 1852, airship technology evolved rapidly. Notable advancements included the fully controllable La France dirigible, as well as the introduction of non-rigid airships (blimps) and rigid airships, such as the Zeppelin. Ferdinand von Zeppelin's designs would go on to shape both military and commercial aviation at the start of the 20th century.
🛩️ The Wright Brothers and Early Airplanes
This paragraph focuses on the Wright brothers, who made aviation history with the first successful powered flight in 1903. Their Wright Flyer, made from spruce wood and powered by a 12-horsepower gasoline engine, introduced innovations such as pusher propellers and a sprocket chain drive. Following their initial success, the Wright brothers continued to refine their designs, leading to more stable and reliable airplanes like the Wright Flyer 3, which achieved record-breaking flight times and paved the way for the future of aviation.
🌍 Aviation in War and Peace
This paragraph describes the rise of aviation during World War I and II, where airplanes became crucial tools of warfare. Both sides armed their planes with machine guns, leading to intense aerial battles known as dogfights. Famous pilots from this era, including aces like Manfred von Richthofen and Eddie Rickenbacker, achieved legendary status. The paragraph also covers the post-war aviation boom, with advancements in military, commercial, and female-led aviation, including Amelia Earhart's famous global flight attempt.
🔧 Innovations in Flight Technology
This paragraph highlights significant technological milestones in aviation during the 20th century, including the development of the autogyro by Juan de la Cierva, which would inspire the modern helicopter, and Jimmy Doolittle's instrumental flight, where he successfully flew and landed using only flight instruments. It also mentions the creation of large flying boats, the birth of jet engines, and the breaking of the sound barrier by Chuck Yeager, all leading to the evolution of modern high-speed aircraft.
☀️ Solar-Powered Aircraft and Modern Aviation
The final paragraph discusses the continued evolution of aviation in the 21st century, focusing on innovations such as solar-powered aircraft like the AstroFlight Sunrise, which used solar cells to provide power. It also covers NASA's Pathfinder projects, which represent the future of fuel cell and solar-powered aviation. Overall, aviation has revolutionized travel, warfare, and exploration, becoming an integral part of modern life.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Aviation History
💡Mongolfier Brothers
💡Dirigible
💡Wright Brothers
💡Hot Air Balloon
💡Zeppelin
💡Wright Flyer
💡Jet Engine
💡Ballooning
💡Man-Powered Flight
Highlights
Introduction to the history of aviation, covering early inspirations, human-powered aircraft development, and modern aviation.
Early concepts of man-made flight originated in ancient myths from Greece and Persia, such as the stories of Icarus and Shah Kay Kavos.
The first artificial flight experiment was conducted by the ancient Greek mathematician and architect who created a steam-powered wooden pigeon model between 400 and 350 BC.
Several early flight attempts were made by inventors like Abbas ibn Firnas and Ilmer of Malmesbury, which, although unsuccessful, paved the way for future advancements.
The Mongolfier brothers achieved the first successful manned flight with a hot air balloon in 1783, marking a pivotal moment in aviation history.
The Mongolfier brothers' experiments laid the groundwork for further ballooning, including the first flight with animals aboard and the first manned free flight.
French engineers Anjon and Nicola Louis Robert, along with Jacques Charles, developed the world's first hydrogen balloon, leading to the use of alternate power sources in aviation.
The rise of dirigibles, such as the Santos-Dumont airships and Zeppelin airships, marked a significant advancement in the early 20th century, particularly in military applications.
The Wright brothers' successful flights with the Wright Flyer marked the beginning of modern aviation, with the first powered, heavier-than-air flight in 1903.
The Wright Flyer 3 became one of the most successful flying machines in the early 20th century, featuring critical modifications that solved stability issues.
World War I and II accelerated advancements in aviation technology, with the introduction of weaponized airplanes and all-metal airships.
Notable female aviators like Raymonde de Laroche, Bessie Coleman, and Amelia Earhart broke significant barriers and set records in aviation during the early 20th century.
The development of the jet engine by inventors like Frank Whittle and Hans von Ohain revolutionized aviation, leading to high-speed aircrafts like the Bell X-1.
In the 21st century, NASA developed solar and fuel cell-powered aircrafts, such as the Pathfinder series, continuing the innovation in aviation technology.
The video emphasizes the critical role aviation has played in the development of travel, warfare, and exploration, and encourages viewers to engage with the channel for more content.
Transcripts
hey everyone will here so for today's
video
we are going to be analyzing the history
of aviation
that means we're going to be going over
all aspects of man-made flight
including the early inspirations for
flight
the development of human powered
aircrafts
and the formation of modern day aviation
itself
so without further ado let's begin
so the original idea behind man-made
flight
originated in fabled stories in ancient
greece
and ancient persia pre-347 bc
these stories spoke of ancient legends
of human flight
that captivated the imagination of large
audiences
so of these fables in ancient greece and
ancient persia
two of these stories were particularly
powerful in captivating mankind's
imagination
on the possibilities of flight the first
of these stories
was the greek myth of icarus in this
legend
icarus and his father daedalus were
imprisoned on top of the tallest tower
in the kingdom of crete using feathers
and wax
dedalus crafted two pairs of giant wings
to escape
when icarus and daedalus started to fly
icarus flew higher into the air
to get closer to the sun soon enough
the wings on icarus had melted causing
him to fall to his death
for the rest of his life daedalus lived
with an intense regret for his actions
the second myth was described in a long
epic poem
shaname written by persian poet ferdozi
according to the myth mythological shah
kay
kavos of greater iran had a flying craft
that was carried by eagles
the craft had four poles pointing
outwards with meat on top of each pole
the eagles had their feet chained to the
craft and the myth stated that when the
eagles tried to reach the meat
they lifted the craft into the sky the
myth states that shah que
cabos used the craft when traveling to
china
later on between 400 and 350 bc
ancient greek mathematician architects
of tarentham
reportedly created a steam-powered
wooden pigeon model
this wooden pigeon was launched
projectile style into the sky
and was a major breakthrough in
artificially replicating
the art of flight
after this several winged flight
attempts were made
by andalusian inventor abbas ibn furnas
an english benedictine monk ilmer of
malmsbury
these attempts did not ultimately
succeed but they did encourage
other scientists and mathematicians to
explore the possibilities of air travel
in 1709 brazilian portuguese priest
bartholomew de guzman presented the king
of portugal with the petition
requesting the king's favor and
constructing an airship called
basa roya despite never flying the
design for the paso roya airship
was still an important inspiration to
future aircraft designers
[Music]
the first successful man-made aircraft
was created
by joseph michel mongolfier and jacques
theon mongolfier the mongolfier brothers
were highly respected french inventors
who were credited with creating the very
first
successfully piloted hot air balloon
the original idea behind the hot air
balloon came
from joseph observing laundry dry over a
fire
as the pants dried the pockets
incidentally billowed upwards
this made joseph test his new discovery
by creating a box-like chamber out of
thin wood covering the sides
and top with taffeta cloth
when joseph lit a controlled fire from
under the box
the contraption rose into the air
proving
that joseph's idea had tremendous
potential
josef and his brother jacques then built
a similar contraption
except this time the device was much
larger
on december 4th 1782 the two brothers
tested
their new invention the liftoff from the
fire was so powerful
that they ended up losing control of
their new creation
following this the two brothers
constructed a giant globe shaped hot air
balloon
that was made from sackcloth tightened
with three thin
layers of paper on the inside the hot
air balloon itself was constructed
out of a dome and three lateral bands
these were held together by 1 800
buttons
additionally a fishing net of cord
covered the outside of the balloon to
give it stability
on june 4th 1783 the two brothers
publicly flew their balloon
at annone france in front of a crowd of
people
the balloon itself had an air time of
approximately 10 minutes
reaching an estimated altitude that was
between
1 600 meters and 2 000 meters
when news of the hot air balloon's
success reached paris
jacques traveled to the capital to lay
claim to the invention
of flight itself with help
from wallpaper manufacturer jean
battista
reveon jacques created a 37
500 cubic foot envelope of taphera cloth
coated with alum to ensure that it was
fireproof
this balloon was named the aerostat
reveon
and was the first balloon to have
livestock riding as passengers
a sheep cockroll and duck were all used
to test whether animals could survive
flying at high altitudes the launch took
place on september 19
1783 at the royal palace in versailles
france before king louis xvi
queen marie antoinette and a large group
of spectators
after a flight that lasted approximately
eight minutes
the craft safely landed two miles away
from the palace
with all three animals surviving
unharmed
in their final test launch jacques and
jean battista revellon
built a 60 000 cubic foot hot air
balloon to be used for a manned flight
the balloon was approximately 75 feet
tall with
50 foot diameter jacques was the first
human to travel in the balloon
followed by chemist jean francois
piliatra rosier
after that both biliatro rosier and army
officer
marquis de arlande conducted the first
free flight by humans
traveling 3000 feet above the majestic
city of paris
after a 25-minute ride the balloon
landed
and was lauded with praise today the
montgolfier brothers historic
contributions to science and aviation
are honored at the international air and
space hall of fame
[Music]
as the mongol va brothers were preparing
their final balloon tests
two renowned french engineers anjon
robert
and nicola louis robert built the
world's first hydrogen balloon
with french professor jacques charles
professor jacques charles originally
conceived that hydrogen would be an
ideal power source
due to its chemical properties the
balloon itself
functioned with the use of an airtight
gas bag that was constructed by the two
brothers
the main envelope of the balloon was
additionally stitched together
with dissolved rubber and varnished
sheets of silk
the hydrogen balloon itself was first
tested on august 27
1783 on john robert
and nicola louis robert followed this
experiment
by conducting a manned flight of their
balloon on december 1
1783 this flight took place
in the beautiful city of paris both
jacques
charles and nicola louis robert
co-piloted the hydrogen balloon
the brothers attached a barometer and
thermometer to the balloon making it the
first balloon to record
meteorological measurements of the
earth's atmosphere
during its flight it is reported that
400
000 people gathered at the imperial
palace to watch the launch
among the viewers were renowned american
scientist
benjamin franklin as well as iconic
french inventor
joseph michel montgolfier the flight was
notable for introducing an
alternate power source for future
manpowered flights
despite the success of the flight the
experiment presented new challenges to
aviators across the world
on a solo flight of the balloon
professor jacques charles
noted his run-in with altitude sickness
and hearing pain
after he reached an altitude of around
9800 feet
this was a problem that scientists and
inventors would try to fix when
designing future aircraft models
after these successful flights
ballooning would experience a surge of
growth in the late 19th century
balloon crafts at this time were used
for entertainment
research and warfare a particular
example of the balloons used in warfare
were the hot air balloons used by the
union army in reconnaissance missions
during the u.s civil war
as this balloon surge was taking place
french engineer
andrei gefar made a major breakthrough
when he developed the first
steam-powered airship
known in france as a dirigible the gifar
dirigible
was a hydrogen-powered airship that
utilized a three horsepower steam
engine along with a giant propeller
on september 24th 1852 andre gefar
made the first steam engine powered
flight traveling from
paris to elongor ship was also steerable
which allowed gifar to guide the
direction of his airship
in 1884 charles renard and arthur cribbs
launched their first fully controllable
free-flight engine powered dirigible
la france this dirigible utilized an
eight and a half
horsepower electric motor and covered
eight kilometers in its first launch
additionally la france de rigible is
notable for accomplishing the first
successful round-trip flight
at the start of the 20th century
brazilian aviator
alberto santos de mont became a national
hero in brazil
for pushing the limits of aviation with
his newest dirigible design
the santos de mont's number six
dirigible was powered by a balloon
and a 12 horsepower internal combustion
engine
which drove the airship propeller this
airship was notable for winning the
deutsche de la muerte prize
when it successfully circled the eiffel
tower on october 19th
1901 following this success
alberto santos de mont continued to
improve upon his existing dirigible
model
with many of his subsequent airships
later on
alberto santos dumont even invented de
santos dumont
number 20 democeli airship which was a
major breakthrough for ultra-light
aircraft development
although these dirigibles had very
successful launches
the aircraft models themselves were
typically very frail
they were also notorious for achieving
lackluster airtime
the solution to these problems came in
the form of non-rigid airships
known as blimps the blimp model was
notable for relying upon the use of
lifting gases
like helium rather than flammable gases
like hydrogen
the blimp was also notable for not
having an internal structural framework
which a typical rigid airship model
would possess
the rigid airship model saw its first
successful debut at the start of the
20th century
the rigid airship was notable for
maintaining its shape
without the use of pressure from lifting
gas
it did this by utilizing an internal
framework that fully supported the
envelope of the craft
the first successful rigid airship was a
zeppelin
the zeppelin airship was named after its
inventor ferdinand von zepplin
construction on the first zeppelin
airship began in 1899
in a hangar located near friedrichshafen
germany as a military observer in the
american civil war
zeppelin was fascinated with the
potential power that aircrafts could
wield
in 20th century warfare in designing his
own airships
zeppelin focused on increasing cargo
carrying capacity
which would later be key for mounting
military-grade weapons
on top of airships despite the initial
failures of the lz-1
and lz2 aircrafts the lz-3 model
by zeppelin managed to successfully
maintain a two-hour
and 17-minute flight on october 9
1906.
the most crucial aircraft designed to
influence modern-day military and
commercial aviation
was the wright flyer the wright flyer
designed by orville and wilbur wright
was critical to modern day aviation
since it was the first
piloted engine-powered airplane the
right flyer
also achieved the first powered
heavier-than-air flight
the original wright flyer was inspired
by the 1902
right glider and was built entirely out
of spruce wood
the wings were symmetrical by design to
help stabilize the plane
the airplane itself also additionally
was powered
by a 12 horsepower gasoline engine
two counter rotating pusher propellers
were also added to the plane
to stop torque from occurring these
propellers were powered
through a sprocket chain drive which was
commonly used in traditional bicycles
the wright brothers successfully
launched the wright flyer on december 17
1903 the first flight conducted by
orville wright
was captured in a famous photograph by
john t daniels
the first flight of the original wright
flyer traveled to total distance of 120
feet
the next flight conducted by wilbur
wright reached a total distance of 175
feet while the final flight of the day
conducted by orville wright
traveled a total distance of 200 feet
in 1904 the wright brothers built the
right flyer too
the right flyer 2 was similar to the
original wright flyer
in design but was crafted out of pine
wood rather than spruce wood
the wright flyer too additionally used a
more powerful engine than its
predecessor
and was actually approximately 200
pounds heavier
than the original plane the wright flyer
2 was first flown in the cow pastures
of huffman prairie in dayton ohio
all of the original flights ended in
surprise crashes
except for one on september 15
1904 the wright brothers started to
utilize a catapult
to help the plane gain sufficient speed
for a successful takeoff
on september 20th 1904 this strategy
finally paid off
with wilbur wright making his first
circular flight
on october 14 1904 orville wright flew
his first
circular flight in november of 1904
wilbur wright once again flew a circular
flight around huffman prairie
during the winter months the wright
brothers began constructing their final
model
the wright flyer 3.
on july 14 1905 orville wright first
tested the wright flyer 3 model
which ended in a serious nosedive crash
that caused damage to the plane
and minor injuries for orville when
rebuilding the airplane
the wright brothers made important
changes to their model
that helped solve the stability issues
facing their previous
airplane these modifications included
doubling the size of the elevator and
rudder
installing a larger fuel tank replacing
the rudder on a separate control handle
expanding the skid undercarriage and
placing two radiators on the front and
back struts
to stop overheating from occurring these
changes led the right flyer 3
to become one of the most successful
flying machines in the 20th century
on october 5th 1905 wilbur wright made a
39 minute
and 23 second long circling flight over
huffman prairie
setting a massive record for winged
flight capabilities
the outbreak of world war one in 1914
saw the start of an airship arms race
across the world
at this time the imperial german army
started
incorporating zeppelin airships into
both their army
and navy meanwhile the u.s army signal
corps
purchased the 1909 wright military flyer
in hopes of building their own air force
these developments all symbolized the
growing importance of airships
and warfare the biggest development at
this time
was the initiation of weaponized
airplanes
[Music]
both the allied powers and central
powers armed to their planes with
machine guns
this led both sides into grand aerial
battles
that would become known as dogfights
the best pilots in these dog fights were
given the honorable title
of an ace some notable allied power aces
from world war one
include eddie rickenbacher
albert ball billy bishop
and george guinemer
some notable central power aces from
world war one
include manfred ron richthofen
and warner vos by the end of world war
one
the importance of aviation and warfare
had become
unprecedented after the war
u.s brigadier general billy mitchell
even stated that the future of warfare
was in the skies
the lead-up to world war ii saw major
advancements in aircraft technology
in 1915 german engineer hugo junckers
invented all-metal airships this led
both the us
and the soviet union to begin designing
their own
high-powered monoplanes made out of
sleek aluminum
the lead up to world war ii also saw the
rise of many iconic female aviators
including raymond de la roche
bessie coleman and amelia earhart ramon
de la roche was the first woman
in the world to earn a piloting license
and set a world
record for the longest flight by a woman
traveling 201 miles
and reaching an extremely high altitude
of 15
700 feet after that
bessie coleman made history when she
became the first african-american woman
to earn a piloting license after being
unable to go to flight school in the u.s
coleman became fluent in french and
earned her piloting license in paris
on june 15 1921
after accomplishing this coleman
returned to the u.s
and became a superstar at air shows all
across the country
amelia earhart also became one of the
world's most iconic aviators
after breaking several flight records
in her most ambitious mission earhart
attempted to fly across the
entire world taking the longest route
possible
unfortunately during her second attempt
her plane disappeared
in the central pacific region many
historical theories remain
active regarding the cause for her
disappearance
[Music]
in the early 1920s spanish aeronautical
engineer
juan de la sierra began designing the
autogyro flight machine
the auto gyro is a rotary winged
aircraft
that uses an unpowered rotor in free
auto rotation
to achieve flight additionally the rotor
requires
upwards air flow into the rotor disc to
generate rotation
the overall purpose of the auto gyro was
to create a flight machine that could
successfully achieve
low speed flight de la sierra's first
three auto gyro models
c1 c2 and c3 were each
unstable due to aerodynamic and
structural issues
in the rotor it wasn't until the c4
model
that de la sierra made his first
successful auto gyro flight
on january 17 1923
in madrid spain throughout the years
juan de la sierva successfully invented
several additional models
all of which would become an early
inspiration for the modern helicopter
in 1929 u.s aviation
pioneer jimmy doolittle developed
instrumental flight
doolittle also became the first pilot to
take off
fly and land an airplane only using
flight instruments
[Music]
1929 also marked the development of the
largest
heaviest and most powerful flying boat
in the world
called the dornier dox
the dornier dox had a wingspan
of 48 meters and had 169 passengers on
board
on its 70th flight test
the development of the jet engine was a
major milestone in aviation history
the jet engine comes in three main types
the turbojet
the turbofan and the rocket the
development of the jet engine
started to take form when german
aeronautical engineer
alexander lippisch designed the first
rocket-powered aircraft
called the enta the anta first flew
on june 11 1928
in the early 1930s english inventor
frank whittle
and german inventor hans von ohein
both separately made progress in
inventing the turbojet
the first turbojet-powered aircraft
known as
the heinkel he 178 made its first flight
in
august of 1939 in rostock germany
the jet engine was iconic for powering
high-speed aircrafts
in october of 1947 american flying ace
chuck jaeger flew the rocket-powered
bell x-1 plane
through the sound barrier in 1967
the rocket-powered hypersonic aircraft
known as the x-15
set the airspeed record by traveling at
an astounding
4534 miles per hour
this record would later be renewed by
the x-45 aircraft
in the 21st century
today aircrafts are used for a variety
of purposes
after world war ii the world saw a boom
in commercialized flight
which helped major aircraft
manufacturers like boeing
become multi-billion dollar corporations
additional aviation innovations in the
20th century
include the creation of the astro flight
sunrise
which was the first successful
solar-powered aircraft
this aircraft used more than 1 000 solar
cells
on its wing to provide 450 watts of
power
to the machine in the 21st century
the u.s national aeronautics and space
administration
launched the nasa pathfinder and
pathfinder plus
which were the first two aircrafts in a
developing series
of solar and fuel cell powered aircrafts
overall aviation has played a critical
role in the development
of travel warfare and exploration
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the future
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thanks everyone
you
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