5G Basics Part 1: History of 5G - Huawei Seeds For The Future
Summary
TLDRThis video script offers a historical journey through mobile communication, starting from the era of landlines and 1G to the advent of 5G. It highlights the evolution from analog voice calls to digital services, the introduction of SMS and MMS in 2G, the shift to data connectivity in 3G, and the leap to high-speed internet with 4G and LTE. The script culminates in the capabilities of 5G, promising unprecedented bandwidth and latency-critical applications, marking a significant stride in wireless technology.
Takeaways
- 📱 Mobile phones have been around for about 40 years, evolving from fixed landlines to digital communication devices.
- 🌐 The first commercial cellular network was launched in Tokyo in 1979 by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT), using the AMPS standard.
- 📞 1G networks allowed users to be reached while on the move, but had limitations such as slow speeds (2.4 kilobits per second) and analog technology.
- 📵 2G networks introduced digital technology, SMS, and MMS, but standards varied across regions (e.g., GSM in Europe, CDMA in the US, PDC in Japan).
- 🌐 3G networks offered data connectivity at one megabit per second, enabling mobile internet access and moving towards interoperability.
- 📲 The advent of 3G also saw the rise of smartphones with color screens and the proliferation of mobile applications.
- 🚀 4G technology, specifically LTE, united global standards and increased data rates to about 100 megabits per second, enhancing multimedia services.
- 🔋 4G also introduced LTE Advanced, also known as 4.5G, which further boosted data transfer speeds to 1 gigabit per second.
- 🌟 5G networks offer up to 20 gigabits per second, significantly faster than 4G, and provide more reliable connections and nearly instantaneous network response.
- 🤖 5G's low latency makes it suitable for latency-critical applications like remote controlling heavy machinery.
Q & A
Who is Mike McDonald and what is his role in the video?
-Mike McDonald is from Huawei Technologies and he is the presenter of the video, introducing and explaining the course on 5G.
What is the main focus of the video series on 5G?
-The video series focuses on explaining what 5G is, how 5G standards are set, the importance of spectrum, the differences in modern 5G network architecture from previous generations, and addressing health concerns related to 5G.
What was the limitation of using a fixed landline for communication?
-Fixed landlines limited communication to a specific location, making it impossible to be reached while on the move, and they were primarily used for voice calls only.
What was the significance of the introduction of cellular networks in the 1970s?
-The introduction of cellular networks allowed for the freedom of movement while communicating, breaking away from the constraints of fixed landlines.
What was the world's first commercial cellular network based on and when was it launched?
-The world's first commercial cellular network was based on the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) standard and was launched in Tokyo in 1979 by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT).
What were the key features of 2G networks compared to 1G?
-2G networks introduced digital communication, a 160-character Short Message Service (SMS), and a low-speed data transfer service known as Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS).
Why were early mobile phones considered status symbols?
-Early mobile phones were bulky, expensive, and not widely accessible, making them a symbol of status and exclusivity for those who owned them.
What technological advancements did 3G bring to mobile communication?
-3G offered data connectivity of up to one megabit per second, enabling online access while on the move, and it moved the mobile industry towards interoperability with compatible versions of CDMA technology.
What is the difference between 4G and LTE technology?
-4G refers to the fourth generation of mobile networks, while LTE, or Long-Term Evolution, is a technology within the 4G standard that allows for data rates of about 100 megabits per second.
What is the speed difference between 5G and 4G in terms of downloading a 4K movie?
-Downloading a 4K movie takes a few seconds on a 5G network compared to 5 to 10 minutes on a 4G network.
What are some of the latency-critical applications that can benefit from 5G's fast response times?
-Applications that can benefit from 5G's fast response times include remote controlling of heavy machinery and online gaming where network latency is critical.
Outlines
📱 Evolution of Mobile Networks to 5G
This paragraph introduces Mike McDonald from Huawei Technologies, who presents a course on 5G. The course will cover the definition of 5G, the setting of 5G standards, the significance of spectrum, and the architectural differences between 5G and previous network generations. It also mentions health concerns related to 5G. The paragraph takes a historical journey through the evolution of mobile phones, starting from landlines to the advent of cellular networks in the 1970s, with the first commercial network launched in Tokyo in 1979. It discusses the limitations of 1G, including slow speeds, analog transmission, and bulky devices. The paragraph concludes with the transition to 2G networks, which introduced digital services and instant messaging.
🚀 Advancements in Mobile Technology from 2G to 5G
The second paragraph continues the historical overview of mobile technology, starting with the introduction of 2G networks that brought SMS and MMS services, leading to instant messaging. It highlights the lack of unified standards for 2G, with different regions adopting GSM, CDMA, or PDC technologies. The paragraph then moves on to the 3G era, which began around the year 2000, offering data connectivity at one megabit per second and paving the way for smartphones and online access on the move. The transition to 4G, facilitated by LTE technology, is noted for its significant increase in data rates to about 100 megabits per second. The paragraph also touches on LTE Advanced, or 4.5G, which further increased speeds to one gigabit per second. Finally, the paragraph introduces the 5G era, emphasizing its capabilities such as higher bandwidth, reaching up to 20 gigabits per second, more reliable connections, and nearly instantaneous network response, suitable for latency-critical applications. The summary ends with a teaser for the next episode, which will discuss expectations of wireless networks and how 5G will meet those needs.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡5G
💡Spectrum
💡Cellular Networks
💡1G
💡2G
💡3G
💡4G
💡LTE Advanced
💡Health Concerns
💡Interoperability
💡Mobile Internet
Highlights
Introduction to a course on 5G by Mike McDonald from Huawei Technologies.
5G will provide unprecedented levels of connectivity, building on the always-online experience provided by 4G.
A brief history of mobile phones, starting with fixed landlines and the limitations of early communication methods.
The introduction of 1G by Bell Labs in the 1970s, enabling mobile connections and the launch of the first commercial cellular network in Tokyo in 1979.
1G's limitations including slow speeds, analog transmission, and bulky devices.
The transition to 2G, introducing digital voice calls, SMS, and MMS, and the emergence of instant messaging.
Different 2G standards deployed in various regions, such as GSM in Europe and CDMA in the US.
The arrival of 3G around 2000, offering one megabit per second data connectivity and the move towards interoperability.
The common use of color screen smartphones and the rise of mobile services during the 3G era.
The unification of global standards with LTE technology in 2009, leading to 4G and data rates of about 100 megabits per second.
The approval of LTE Advanced in 2011, sometimes referred to as 4.5G, offering data transfer speeds of up to 1 gigabit per second.
The half-step advancements in mobile technology, such as GPRS (2.5G) and HSDPA (3.5G), improving data rates and latency.
The dawn of the 5G era, with capabilities of up to 20 gigabits per second and significantly reduced latency.
5G's impact on latency-critical applications such as remote controlling heavy machinery.
A historical overview of five decades of mobile standards evolution from 1G to 5G.
The upcoming episode's focus on rising expectations of wireless networks and how 5G will meet those needs.
Transcripts
[Music]
[Music]
hi i'm mike mcdonald from huawei
technologies welcome to part 1 of this
course on 5g
in this series we will learn what 5g is
how 5g standards are set the importance
of spectrum and how modern 5g network
architecture differs from previous
generations
we will also discuss health concerns
once fully deployed 5g networks will
provide unprecedented levels of
connectivity but already with 4g we
become used to being online at all times
checking directions
keeping up with friends ordering food
from an app
just grab the smartphone
but how do we get here
mobile phones have been around for only
40 years or so
before you reached out to someone by
dialing on a fixed landline
it did the job but it had limitations
chatting was literally a chat
you could only use a phone for talking
and because the lines were fixed you
were unreachable if you were on the move
then came the 70s platform shoes
colorful clothes disco music
and a whole lot of freedom
the u.s firm bell labs an r d subsidiary
of at t that's now part of nokia free
telephones from landlines when it
introduced the idea of cellular networks
[Applause]
welcome
to 1g
in cellular networks coverage areas are
divided into cells each cell has a radio
based station providing signal coverage
that enables connections between a
mobile phone and an operator's fixed
network
the world's first commercial cellular
network was launched in tokyo in 1979 by
nippon telegraph and telephone or ntt
it was based on a standard called
advanced mobile phone system or amps
in europe the first cell network used
was the nordic mobile telephone standard
it was set up in 1981 in scandinavian
countries
[Music]
in the u.s chicago was the first city to
provide cell phone coverage in 1983.
the network also used amp standard but
not quite the same as the one deployed
in japan
with 1g users could be reached while on
the move
but there was room for improvement
with top speeds of 2.4 kilobits per
second 1g only supported voice calls 1g
was entirely analog meaning that calls
connected like radio signals
sound quality was subject to
interference
and it was hard to guard against
unauthorized eavesdropping
calling was also expensive and battery
life was short
and the devices were really bulky the
first japanese mobiles were shoulder
phones weighing three kilograms
yet despite all this early mobile phones
were status symbols
if you had one
you must have been special
mobile phones went digital in the late
80s enter the 2g era
aside from voice calls 2g had two key
features one it offered a 160 character
short message service or sms
two it had a low speed data transfer
service known as mms or multimedia
messaging
with these two features instant
messaging was born
this is either a blessing or a curse
depending on
ah sorry should have solved my phone
but as with 1g 2g standards weren't
united
europe deployed gsm mobile networks
while the us and a few other countries
went with cdma
japan meanwhile turned to a technology
called pdc for its 2g services
throughout the 1990s the number of
internet users boomed as more and more
homes and businesses got either dial up
or adsl connections
around the year 2000 3g appeared it
offered one megabit per second data
connectivity
this made online access possible while
on the move
with 3g the mobile industry moved
decisively towards interoperability 3g
wasn't a unified global standard but at
least it was based on compatible
versions of cdma technology
it wasn't always easy to get online
access while traveling
but with a few exceptions like japan and
south korea
travelers could use the same handset
to make or receive calls on different
continents
it's during the 3g era that smartphones
with color screens became common
and database services like mobile
banking
movie ticketing and social media began
to multiply
around 2009 global standards were fully
united by lte technology or long-term
evolution when 3g gave way to 4g
instead of cdma lte implemented a new
architecture that allowed data rates of
about 100 megabits per second
now you could enjoy
voice
text
high resolution images
and high definition video services
in 2011 the standard setting
organization third generation
partnership project or 3gpp
approved lte advanced a technology that
boosted data transfer speeds by 10 times
to 1 gigabits per second
lte a is also called 4.5 g because it's
somewhere between 4g and 5g
in fact wireless technology generations
tend to advance in half steps between 2g
and 3g there was a standard called gprs
that was referred to as 2.5 g and
between 3g and 4g a technology called
high speed downlink packet access or 3.5
g boosted data rates while lowering
latency
and now we're in the early days of the
5g era
what are the big changes from 4g or
should i say
4.5 g
well an obvious capability is more
bandwidth 5g offers up to 20 gigabits
per second to give a sense of scale
downloading a 4k movie takes a few
seconds on a 5g phone compared with 5 to
10 minutes in 4g
5g provides more reliable connections
and nearly instantaneous network
response
it can be deployed in latency critical
applications like remote controlling
heavy machinery
and 5g has such a fast response times
if you lose an online game you can't
blame a slow internet well that was five
generations of mobile standards across
five decades
i hope you enjoyed this brief history of
wireless communications
in the next episode we'll look at our
rising expectations of what wireless
networks should deliver
and how 5g will meet those needs
[Music]
[Music]
you
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