What If We Just...Stopped Working?
Summary
TLDRこのビデオスクリプトでは、労働に対する人々の依存とそれに関連する社会構造について掘り下げています。労働は社会に必要である一方で、多くの人が無意味な仕事に苦しめられており、労働時間を短縮することで生産性と人々の幸福感を高めることができると主張しています。また、アイスランドの4日間の労働週の実験や、アメリカの労働環境の改善を目指す政治家の取り組みなど、具体的な事例を紹介しています。最後に、社会全体のリソースと人々の労働への関心を考慮した、より民主的で公正な経済モデルを提案しています。
Takeaways
- 📉 チャンネルの広告収益が過去数ヶ月で大幅に減少したとのことです。
- 👷♂️ もし明日から私たちが働き始めなくなったら、社会はすぐに混乱に陥ると推測しています。
- 🧐 労働が社会にとって非常に重要な部分であるが、労働の必要性とその条件を再評価する余地があると示唆しています。
- 🌏 一部の国では、週4日間労働週の短縮を試み、その結果が良好であることが報告されています。
- 🏭 アイスランドの労働時間の短縮実験は、労働者の幸せ度や健康に良い影響を与えたとされています。
- 📉 労働の長い時間は生産性の減少につながり、逆に短い労働時間は生産性に良い影響を与えるとされています。
- 🤔 アメリカの主要政党は、労働時間を減らすことを目指していないと指摘しています。
- 🛠️ 労働は世界を変える手段であり、労働がなければ社会はすぐに崩壊すると説明しています。
- 🏆 労働は単なる給料以上のものを提供しており、自己実現や社会的尊严、コミュニティへの貢献を意味するとされています。
- 🤝 労働の意味や目的を再評価し、労働を必要以上に増やさず、労働とレジャーのバランスを求めるべきだと述べています。
- 🌐 労働の無駄や社会的意義の欠如、そしてそれに伴う精神的な負担を指摘しています。
Q & A
なぜチャンネルの広告収益が減少したと説明されていますか?
-スクリプトでは、過去数ヶ月でAdSense収益が大幅に減少したと説明されています。これはチャンネルの収益モデルに影響を与える要因です。
ビデオではなぜ私たちが仕事をやめないかという仮説が提起されていますか?
-ビデオでは、私たちが仕事をやめない理由として、社会的構造や心理的な依存、さらには仕事が提供する尊厳やコミュニティへの参加感が挙げられます。
アイスランドの4日間勤務の実験はどのように影響を与えましたか?
-アイスランドの4日間勤務の実験は、従業員の幸福度を高め、燃え尽きを減らし、健康状態を改善し、生産性に影響を与えずに給与を削減せずに労働時間を短縮することができたと報告されています。
仕事の意義がないと感じる人々はどのくらいですか?
-スクリプトでは、アメリカとイギリスでは約25%の人々が自分の仕事が全く意味ないと感じていると報告されています。
ビデオで提唱されている仕事の目標は何ですか?
-ビデオでは、仕事の目標として、必要な労働を最小限に抑え、余裕とその質を最大化すること、そして重要なことや良い条件で働くことを目指すことが提唱されています。
アメリカの政治ではなぜ労働時間を短縮する動きが少ないのですか?
-アメリカの主要政党は、労働時間を短縮することにあまり関心を示しておらず、仕事が尊厳やコミュニティへの参加感を提供するという価値観を強調しているためです。
なぜ多くの人々は無駄な仕事に時間を費やしているのですか?
-多くの人々が無駄な仕事に時間を費やす理由は、製品性や重要性を装うためのプレッシャー、あるいは上層部の利益を追求するためです。
ビデオではなぜ労働時間を短縮することが効率的だと主張していますか?
-ビデオでは、自動化と産業化の進歩により同じ量の仕事が過去の数時間に比べて短時間で達成できるため、労働時間を短縮することが効率的だと主張しています。
なぜ多くの人々は退職後も活動を続ける傾向があるのですか?
-ビデオでは、多くの人々が退職後も活動を続ける傾向があるのは、彼らが達成感や自己実現、または社会への貢献感を得るためだと説明しています。
ビデオの制作者はなぜPatreonでの支援を求めているのですか?
-制作者はAdSense収益の減少と購読者の通知の問題により、Patreonでの支援を求めており、支援者は早期アクセスやDiscordサーバーへの参加など特典を受け取ることができます。
ビデオで提唱されている仕事の未来像とは何ですか?
-ビデオでは、仕事が報酬があり、意味があり、公正である世界を築くことが目標とされており、それを実現するためには、労働時間の決定過程に民主主義を導入し、労働を必要以上に増やすことがないようにすることが求められています。
Outlines
😀 パトロンの支援によるチャンネルの維持
このエピソードは、Patreonで支援してくれたパトロンのおかげで実現しました。最近のAdSense収益が低下しているため、チャンネルを支援し、特典を得るならPatreon.comを検討してほしい。また、もし私たちが明日から仕事を止めたらどうなるかという仮説を提起し、社会的混乱が起きる可能性があることを示唆しています。
🤔 労働の意義と社会的影響
労働は社会の重要な部分であり、YouTuberのように労働を通じて自己実現を目指す人もいます。一方で、労働は人々の生活の一部であり、4日間の労働週を試行した国々がその効果を証明しています。アイスランドの労働週の短縮は、 happier, less likely to experience burnout, healthier overall と評価されており、80%以上のアイスランド人は労働時間を短縮したり、その権利を得ました。
🔍 労働の多面性と社会的理論
このエピソードでは、通常の悪いことに焦点を当てたビデオとは異なり、労働に関するいくつかの質問に答え、政治理論の側面も取り上げています。アメリカの主要政党は、労働時間を減らすことを目指していないにもかかわらず、労働は人々の尊厳やコミュニティにおける位置づけに関連しています。
🛠 労働の定義と社会的役割
労働は世界に影響を与えるための身体的または精神的な努力であり、护士や電気工、教師など、労働者たちが起き上がらないと社会は崩壊します。労働は有給または無給で報酬を受け取る場合がありますが、労働に対する社会的価値は異なります。多くの人々は、労働が意味のあるものであるかどうかに関心を持ち、アメリカと英国では約25%の人々が自分の仕事が無意味であると感じています。
🏛 労働の社会的意義と経済的側面
多くの人々が一日中何もしないと自白するにもかかわらず、コンピュータの後ろで時間を無駄に過ごしている現実を指摘しています。この経済のコストは非常に高価で、労働者は人生を奪われています。労働は、生産性や意味のある生活を向上させるために改善されるべきであり、労働時間の短縮は、生産性の最大化を超えた精神的被害を軽減する手段として意味があります。
🌐 労働の未来と社会的変革
労働時間の決定は、法律によって制限される唯一の制限であり、過去の労働者運動のおかげで12時間の労働日から現在のような状況に変わりました。労働時間の決定は、労働の必要性と人々のリザーブに基づいて行われるべきであり、経済的決定に民主主義を含めることで、より公正で意味のある労働の未来を築くことができます。
🎶 ビデオのエンディング
ビデオの最後に音楽が流れています。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡パトロン
💡ワーク
💡労働時間の短縮
💡生産性の減退曲線
💡政治理論
💡社会的意義
💡無駄な労働
💡労働条件
💡労働の意味
💡労働時間の配分
Highlights
Patreon赞助支持频道,因为AdSense收入大幅下降。
提出了一个假设性问题:如果我们都停止工作会发生什么?
停止工作会导致社会迅速陷入混乱,城市变得空荡。
探讨了减少工作时间的实验,如冰岛的四天工作周。
冰岛的实验显示,缩短工作时间可以提高幸福感和健康。
生产力存在递减回报曲线,工作时间越长,效率越低。
讨论了工作对于个人身份和社会地位的重要性。
美国两大主要政党并未致力于减少工作时间。
工作被看作是获取生活必需品的手段,而非选择。
反工作运动主张改变工作条件,而非消除所有工作。
工作的意义取决于是否能实现自我、自主控制和重要性。
许多人感到他们的工作毫无意义,这可能导致精神上的疏离。
工作中的“时间盗窃”现象,即在工作时间做私事。
讨论了忙碌的工作文化和其对个人生活的影响。
自动化和工业化的进步应该使我们能够减少工作时间。
提出了减少工作时间的非科学方法,例如基于统计数据。
强调了需要重新考虑决定工作时间的方式,更多地依赖于民主决策。
呼吁建立一个工作更有意义、公平且有奖励的世界。
Transcripts
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thought
what if we stopped working no really
what if tomorrow we just didn't clock in
what if every single one of us just
stopped right now and saw what would
happen bikini bottom is literally in a
state of total chaos tonight oh
literally
the real answer is things would go
downhill real fast
it would be like so bad empty shelves
empty cities empty promises even we
wouldn't make it very long without
anybody doing anything we call work
but that doesn't make what if we stopped
working a useless question because in an
otherwise simple answer it would suck
there's something a little more
interesting hiding in the background
just out of focus what is that enhance
enhance
if the answer to what if we stopped
working is we can't that begs the
question how close can we get and that
question well that question has some
pretty interesting answers let's back up
if you go to parties you've probably
been asked the question what do you do
if you answer i make youtube videos no
you don't who would ever give you the
chance to give that answer
see the joke here is that youtubers have
no friends like no one at all like
bottom of the barrel trapped in a pit of
loneliness
anyway the fact that what do you do is
the default punch bowl question
demonstrates at least one thing about
our current society work is one of if
not the biggest part of our lives but it
doesn't have to be
already multiple countries are trying
out things like a four-day work week how
does this work in countries like new
zealand spain and iceland they ran
experiments with shortening the work
week to just four days and then they
wrote down the results and now we're
looking at them
one of the better known cases here is
iceland which ran a couple experiments
between 2015 and 2019 after unions
started pushing for more time off for a
lucky 2 500 icelandics
icelandists for a lucky 2 500 people
time on the job was decreased to just 4
days going from 40 to around 35 hours a
week crucially without salaries going
down even a single frozen fish or
whatever they use for currency over
there unsurprisingly it worked really
well people were happier less likely to
experience burnout healthier overall
they just had a better life and thanks
to the successes of the experiment and
the strength of trade unions over 80
percent of people in all of iceland
shortened their working hours or gained
the right to after these trials were run
even fancy business people in suits were
happier because they got to save on some
of their costs and didn't see a dip in
productivity because as you might not
find very surprising productivity has a
diminishing returns curve the longer you
work the less productive you are each
new hour of time on the job brings less
and less benefit and is more and more
justified in being lopped off entirely
and these sorts of experiments are all
well and good but what if we went even
further this week's episode is a little
different usually videos on this channel
focus on the bad stuff
we hate bad stuff sorry ignore him i
don't know how he got in here and no
doubt about it this video is still going
to have some of that with a side of
political theory to appease the nerds
but for the next 15 or so minutes we're
mainly going to answer a couple
questions about work what it is why it's
such a big deal for some people and why
it could just not be because it could we
don't need to work so damn hard you'd
think that that fact would make for easy
political points just right there for
the taking who wouldn't vote for the
candidate or the party that's going to
make their lives more pleasant less
constrained more free of work and in
some countries they do have that kind of
politics but the reality is that neither
major political party here in the u.s is
trying to reduce the time we spend at
work
we have to get back to work our people
want to work they want to go back
they have to go back a job's about a lot
more than a paycheck it's about your
dignity it's about respect it's about
your place in the community
neither party is trying to meaningfully
reduce our working hours despite enough
people hating their jobs so much that
forbes of all magazines can run a
listicle with 15 ways to quote rise
above resenting your job with such
helpful tips as get over it
that's not to say that the sentiment
doesn't exist at all in our government
democrat mark takano is trying to get a
bill for a 32-hour work week through
congress but by and large neither party
is anti-work should they be
okay let's go over some definitions
despite being an illegal wordle guess
work is actually a word work is the
effect we have on the world it's using
your physical or mental effort to
achieve something without any work at
all by anyone we'd all die without
nurses electricians teachers people
getting out of bed to make breakfast
society would crumble pretty quickly we
would be completely idle and not for
long some amount of work always needs to
be done nowadays some work gets paid
with money and some work gets paid with
no money or barely any money and also
disdain being against work or anti-work
if you spend any time on the worst place
on the internet isn't ignoring that fact
it's recognizing that some work always
needs to be done but that the conditions
that shape that work should be different
than they are now it's saying that the
goal shouldn't be to work as much as
possible but as little as possible to
achieve what we want the goal is to
maximize leisure and the quality of that
leisure by balancing that interest with
the necessity of work the goal isn't to
not work at all but to work for things
that matter and on good terms this is
gonna sound really obvious but for most
of us that's not how work goes work is
something we need to do to get access to
the things we need to live like food
shelter and health care under capitalism
the only way to get these basic
necessities of life is to work in some
way or another and get a wage at the end
you work or you starve seems pretty
coercive while at work you have no or
very little input on your work
conditions sometimes they're okay other
times not on top of that our whole lives
are conditioning us for that reality and
imbuing it with value work will set you
free no pain no gain or there's no such
thing as a free lunch are some examples
of the ideological discourse that
accompanies the material reality of
coercion and makes it seem more natural
more palatable our necessity to work is
accompanied by a psychopolitics trying
to enshrine work in the largest possible
sense as a value but it doesn't seem to
work as well as the benefactors of that
discourse wanted to when you consider
how much of our time we spend thinking
about not working whether it's dreaming
up a vacation we want to take
fantasizing about winning the lottery
and quitting or buying an ironic
garfield mug it seems like we all want
to stop working pretty badly and yet
when we're given the chance a good chunk
of us keep working even when we don't
need to some billionaires still work as
do many lottery winners retirees often
volunteer or continue working in some
capacity even when their needs are met
and they're supposed to be in the part
of their lives where they stop
so do we like to work or do we hate it
the obvious answer is that it depends
what does it depend on meaning
when we find work meaningful we're more
than happy to do it and there are a
couple ways that work can have meaning
there's the most obvious one which is
that work which allows us to develop our
talents and interests to self-actualize
then there's work that grants us
autonomy and control over the work
itself and the product of that work and
of course there's work that produces
something of importance these kinds of
really obvious factors give work meaning
and help explain why people work on
things even when they have no need to
and could live in complete and total
leisure but unfortunately in the us and
the uk around a quarter of people feel
like their job is completely meaningless
and a big chunk of people on top of that
aren't really sure don't really know if
their job is meaningless they just don't
know they can't figure it out which is
really to say that their jobs aren't
evidently meaningful either that doesn't
mean that every single one of their jobs
is entirely pointless meaning and
purpose are different even if there's
bound to be a big overlap in that group
between pointless and meaningless work
but it definitely means that at the very
least those jobs are alienating they're
jobs that feel bad to do they're jobs
that aren't imbued with meaning and
that's not even the whole picture of the
eight to nine hours spent every day at
work by millions of people between 1.5
and 3 of them are spent on private
activities we might call this wasted
time not in the sense that it's not good
it's totally fine by me but in the sense
that it's not really the purpose of
being at your job but as you might
expect or are doing right now watching
this video in which case nice workers
spending that time on personal things
are still pretending like they're being
productive during these hours of work
that aren't quite downtime but aren't
quite work either it's ridiculous while
part of this rightfully stolen time is a
form of worker resistance the clear
majority of it comes from having nothing
to do but being stuck at work forced to
keep up the appearance of click-clacking
away or calling people who really don't
want to talk to you just because that's
what your boss expects you're not really
free to do what you want but you're not
really working either and when people
are working not committing quote time
theft and even bigger number of them are
working on pointless mind-numbing tasks
like moving data from one excel
spreadsheet to another responding to
emails or writing reports for someone to
throw in a drawer and never look at
busy work the point of all this is that
there's a tremendous number of people
who do nothing at all all day by their
own admission but still have to do it
there's a true army's worth of people
wasting their lives behind computers
standing up for long hours in the same
two square feet working through the
night and for what a great many of them
just for the appearance of productivity
or the appearance of luxury or the
appearance of importance to make someone
else feel good and pad their wallet just
that little bit more by making sure
everyone else knows how very important
they are
after all why would someone who's not
important have all those underlings the
cost of this economy is
tremendous workers are being
robbed of a life and we have a terrible
response to this fact of modern society
in liberal circles the idea is to
redirect everybody to public works
projects achieve full employment
bringing money into people's hands so
they can spend it on goods that
recirculate that money into the economy
and produce more trying to give quote
dignity to jobs that are clearly just
exploitation turned up to 11. on the
right
the idea is to pump more money into
businesses on the foolish hope that
they're going to just create more jobs
or deregulate workers rights to the
extreme so that they can fire everybody
into the worst kind of poverty we can
conjure up and pay the lucky few still
employed next to nothing run the leanest
operation possible uberize everything
and sell the precarity of unstable low
paid work without a safety net as
choosing your own hours or being your
own boss
very few people are willing to embrace
the most obvious conclusion a lot of
this is unnecessary we're working too
much if we distribute the workload and
the benefits more evenly we can work a
lot less
politics isn't the only place where
myopic conclusions about work are
reached when we get out of the realm of
explicitly political discourse and into
the space we arbitrarily separate out as
social the same tropes and attachment to
work aren't hard to find hustle culture
the rise and grind set whatever you want
to call the ideology juice that gets a
millionaire to spend his free time
flipping garage sale toys for 15 bucks
this modern phenomenon is another way in
which this political attachment to the
protestant work ethic gets absorbed into
our everyday lives another way to try to
attach meaning to exploitative work
rather than limit labor to work that is
already meaningful and practical instead
shaping people's entire identity around
turning idle time into another buck
clearly we have an abundance of free
time right there for the taking so many
people wouldn't feel like their jobs
were meaningless if there wasn't some
truth to it so much time at work
wouldn't be spent slacking if it
couldn't be the truth is we've made
tremendous progress in terms of
productivity over the last 100 years
automation and industrialization alone
have taken some of the more laborious
activities we used to call work out of
human hands entirely but in over 80
years the 40-hour work week hasn't
budged
it's not laziness to ask for more time
for leisure it's efficiency it's purely
pragmatic we accomplish the same amount
in a couple hours as it used to take a
full day more on a monday than used to
be possible with most of a week we
automated away many of the things we
didn't want to do so that we had the
time to do the things that we do want to
do spending that time we earned creating
new jobs where we feel stuck at work for
hours on end just because we have no
good mechanism to distribute work and
protect the unemployed means failing to
realize the goals of automation it is
wasting all that progress and yes it's
undoubtedly not so black and white some
of the industrialization and automation
of the past century has allowed us to
take on new work that does actually
improve our quality of life but focusing
exclusively on that to justify useless
jobs with the sole purpose of padding
some higher-ups wallet and satisfying
the doctrine that well everybody has to
work is ignoring the main way we could
be improving our lives today making work
a smaller part of it
okay so what if we tried answering the
question how close can we get to
eliminating work in an unscientific way
if we took the estimate of 25 of people
having meaningless jobs at face value
which in all fairness is a stretch we
are eliminating 25 of our work hours
work weeks go from 40 hours to 32 here
in the us that's not bad and we don't
have to accept the fact that these jobs
are actually meaningless to want to
reduce the time spent on them even if
these jobs do have a purpose the feeling
of meaninglessness they create clearly
demonstrates that they are incredibly
mentally damaging for the people working
in them reducing those hours like we
would with incredibly physically
demanding jobs makes sense beyond a
strict productivity maximization
framework in another example what if we
took that statistic about one and a half
to three hours being completely wasted
every day taking that into account you
end up with somewhere between a 27 and a
33 hour work week that's also pretty
good and if this seems like an absurd
way to calculate how much time we're
working i agree with you i shouldn't be
plucking numbers out of this or that
study doing simple divisions and calling
it a day
but this is no less absurd than how we
determine work hours right now just a
couple people at every company write
your contract they set your working
hours with the only limit being what the
law says they can't go over pushing most
industries right up to that 40 hour
clock out and the only reason that
number isn't any higher is thanks to
decades of worker agitation revolts
protests demonstrations other synonyms
for people being angry clawing it from
industry were it not for the gains of
militant workers we'd still be punching
in 12 hour days side by side with newly
minted 12 year olds this is an absurd
way to decide how much work needs to be
done letting a couple guys make all
their demands and only tempering them
when society faces mass scale agitation
and violence bubbling up in the streets
is absurd it shouldn't get to this point
the clearly better way to determine
working time is to work for necessity
and desire to make decisions in common
about needs and allocations of resources
to use governments organizations and
democracy everywhere across the board to
establish how much we work and how much
we set aside for leisure to disentangle
work from necessity so that we can
really make these decisions without
constantly fearing for our meals and
fighting others for the scraps
in short to include democracy in
economic decisions to take into account
our resources and desire to work without
constantly fearing that every drop of
sweat we don't shed means worrying about
being taken over by the other sweatier
worker at the other sweatier company to
stop people who profiteer off the work
of others by hogging everyone else's
free time to not have a system that
decides how much we work based on how
much the guy at the top really wants a
new watch missed birthdays funerals and
every other life event in between be
damned now this isn't about getting back
to some primitive way of life idealized
beyond the reality of tremendous
hardship and ableism past societies
encountered without the technological
and social advancements we have today
this is about taking stock of all the
time going straight down the drain for
no good reason other than keeping an
unjust system chugging along this is
about enjoying a life like we have now
with more time to actually enjoy it if
you spent a couple less hours at best
buy would society be okay or autozone or
making coffee or on the clock in your
cubicle sure gdp could go down a bit but
we already know how the gdp gets broken
down between the rich and the poor
anyway we wouldn't be maximizing profits
and exhausting all the human labor power
at our disposal but that is not the
point of being human in the first place
so long as we can reorganize our society
towards one in which gdp dips aren't
synonymous with austerity for the
majority where we care more about the
productive resources at our disposal
than the numbers on a screen meant as a
proxy of those resources we can
dramatically change the nature of work
and how much time we decide to put into
it even without touching those
structures we can still meaningfully cut
our work time today burnout rates are
through the roof more and more people
are being pushed into holding multiple
jobs people are desperate for leisure
time but can't afford to take it we as
human beings need time to do whatever we
want for everyone art music reading
going back to school watching tv shows
playing sports cooking being with
friends traveling volunteering farming
doing literally nothing or even working
just on something else it's within our
reach our obsession with the ideology of
work and the coercive model of
decision-making holding our society
captive are the only barriers to its
achievement we can build a world where
work is rewarding meaningful and fair
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been screwing me lately my adsense
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was a couple months ago and subscribers
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[Music]
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