Newton's Laws of Motion: Law of Acceleration | Grade 8 Science DepEd MELC Quarter 1 Module 1 Part 2
Summary
TLDRIn this educational video, we delve into Newton's Second Law of Motion, the law of acceleration. It explains that an object's acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. The video uses examples to illustrate how force equals mass times acceleration, introducing the concept of weight as the force due to gravity. Practical problems demonstrate calculating force, acceleration, and mass, emphasizing the law's applicability in real-world scenarios like rocket propulsion.
Takeaways
- 📚 Newton's second law of motion, also known as the law of acceleration, is the focus of this educational video.
- 🔗 The law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
- 🧭 The formula for Newton's second law is F = ma, where F is force, m is mass, and a is acceleration.
- 🚴♂️ An example illustrates that a greater mass requires a greater force to achieve the same acceleration, comparing a boy and a man with added mass.
- 📐 The video provides the equation for acceleration as a = F/m and for mass as m = F/a, demonstrating how to rearrange the formula for different variables.
- 📌 The unit of force is the newton (N), which is the force required to accelerate a 1 kg mass at 1 meter per second squared.
- 🌍 Weight is introduced as the force due to gravity, calculated as weight = mass × gravity, with gravity being approximately 9.8 m/s².
- 🚀 A practical problem is solved, calculating the net force needed for a rocket to achieve a certain acceleration, given its mass.
- 🏐 Another example calculates the acceleration of a 0.60 kg ball hit with a 12 N force, demonstrating the rearranged formula for acceleration.
- 📚 A final example determines the mass of an encyclopedia given the force applied and the acceleration, showcasing the rearranged formula for mass.
- 🌟 The video concludes by emphasizing that force causes acceleration in the direction of the force, with the amount of acceleration being directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass.
Q & A
What is Newton's second law of motion?
-Newton's second law of motion, also known as the law of acceleration, states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
How is force mathematically related to mass and acceleration according to Newton's second law?
-Force is mathematically related to mass and acceleration by the equation F = m × a, where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.
What does it mean for acceleration to be directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to mass?
-It means that if the force applied to an object increases, its acceleration increases, and if the mass of the object increases, its acceleration decreases, assuming the force remains constant.
What is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI)?
-The unit of force in the SI system is the newton (N), which is the amount of force required to accelerate a one-kilogram mass at the rate of one meter per second squared.
How is weight different from mass?
-Weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity, calculated as the product of mass and the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²), whereas mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and does not change regardless of location.
What is the formula to calculate the net force needed for an object to achieve a certain acceleration?
-The formula to calculate the net force needed for an object to achieve a certain acceleration is F = m × a, where F is the force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the desired acceleration.
In the example provided, how much net force must a rocket develop to achieve an acceleration of 70 m/s² if its mass is 45,000 kg?
-The rocket must develop a net force of 3,150,000 N (newtons), calculated by multiplying its mass (45,000 kg) by the required acceleration (70 m/s²).
How can you find the acceleration of an object if you know the force applied and the object's mass?
-You can find the acceleration of an object by rearranging the formula F = m × a to a = F / m and then dividing the known force by the object's mass.
What is the mass of an object if you know the force applied and the acceleration it experiences?
-The mass of an object can be found by rearranging the formula F = m × a to m = F / a and then dividing the known force by the acceleration.
What is the acceleration of a 0.60 kg ball hit with a force of 12 N?
-The acceleration of the ball is 20 m/s², calculated by dividing the force (12 N) by the mass (0.60 kg).
How can you determine the mass of an encyclopedia if a force of 15 N produces an acceleration of 5 m/s²?
-The mass of the encyclopedia is 3 kg, found by dividing the force (15 N) by the acceleration (5 m/s²).
Outlines
🚀 Newton's Second Law of Motion
This paragraph introduces Newton's second law of motion, also known as the law of acceleration. It explains that an object's acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting upon it and inversely proportional to its mass. The formula F=ma is introduced, where F represents force, m is mass, and a is acceleration. The concept of weight as a force due to gravity is also discussed, with the formula weight = mass * acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²). Practical examples are given to illustrate these concepts, including calculating the force needed for a rocket to achieve a certain acceleration and determining the mass of an encyclopedia given a force and acceleration.
📚 Applying Newton's Second Law
The second paragraph continues the discussion on Newton's second law by applying it to solve practical problems. It demonstrates how to calculate the mass of an object given force and acceleration, and how to find the acceleration when force and mass are known. The paragraph emphasizes that the direction of acceleration is the same as the direction of the force applied, and the amount of acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass. The summary concludes by reiterating the importance of Newton's second law in understanding the relationship between force and motion.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Newton's Second Law of Motion
💡Acceleration
💡Force
💡Mass
💡Net Force
💡Unit of Measurement
💡Weight
💡Sample Problem
💡Equations
💡Learning Bees
Highlights
Newton's second law of motion, the law of acceleration, is introduced.
Acceleration is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to mass.
Force equals mass times acceleration (F=ma).
The greater the mass, the greater the force needed to accelerate an object.
Example given to illustrate the effect of mass on the force required to accelerate an object.
Acceleration is the sum of forces acting on an object divided by its mass (a = F/m).
Mass is the sum of forces divided by acceleration (m = F/a).
The unit of force, the newton, is defined as the force to accelerate a 1 kg mass at 1 m/s².
One newton is equivalent to one kilogram meter per second squared.
Weight is the force due to gravity and is calculated as mass times gravitational acceleration.
Gravitational acceleration is approximately 9.8 m/s².
A sample problem calculates the net force needed for a rocket to achieve a specific acceleration.
The rocket example demonstrates how to apply F=ma to find the required force.
Another example shows how to calculate acceleration when force and mass are known.
The final example explains how to find mass using force and acceleration.
Force acting on an object causes it to accelerate in the direction of the force.
Newton's second law explains the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.
Encouragement to subscribe for more content from Learning Bees.
Transcripts
[Music]
hi there
in this video we are going to discuss
newton's second law of motion
the law of acceleration if you still
haven't watched part 1
pause this video and click the link
below to watch it before this one
since we already know the fundamental
concepts of force and motion from part 1
we will now continue learning about the
second law of motion
newton's law of acceleration states that
the acceleration of an object
is directly proportional to the net
force on it
and inversely proportional to its mass
this means that the force acting on an
object
is equal to the mass of that object
times
its acceleration
put simply the greater the mass of the
object being accelerated
to greater the amount of force needed to
accelerate the object
to help us understand this better let's
take this example
the boy at the front has to apply less
force to accelerate the bicycle
since he has less mass the man at the
back
needs to apply more force to exhilarate
the bicycle
because of the added mass of the woman
we can summarize this law in this
equation
force is equal to mass times
acceleration where f is force
m is mass and a is acceleration
likewise the exhilaration of an object
is equal to the sum of the forces acting
on it
divided by the mass of the object
and the mass of an object is equal to
the sum of the forces
acting on it divided by the acceleration
of an object
the unit of measurement for force is
newton
it is the amount of force that will
accelerate a one kilogram mass
at the rate of one meter per second
squared
since force is equals to mass times
acceleration
therefore one newton is equal to one
kilogram meter per second squared
another concept we need to understand is
weight
weight is the force due to gravity
therefore
weight is equal to mass times
acceleration
due to gravity where acceleration due to
gravity has a constant of
9.8 meters per second squared
here is a sample problem if we're trying
to compute force
engineers of the johnson space center
must determine the net
force needed for a rocket to achieve an
exhilaration of 70 meters
per second squared if the mass of the
rocket
is 45 000 kilograms how much
net force must the rocket develop so we
have the formula
force equals to mass times acceleration
the given mass is 45 000 kilograms
multiplied to the required acceleration
of 70 meters per second squared
we now get the value of 3 million 150
000 kilogram meter per second squared
which is also equivalent to
3 million 150 000
newtons let's have another example
this time we're going to compute for the
exhilaration
of a 0.60 kilogram ball of mass
hit with a force of 12 newtons again we
have the formula
force equals to mass times acceleration
to look for the acceleration transmute
this formula
by dividing force to the mass we now
have the new formula
acceleration equals force divided by
mass
so divide the given force of 12 newtons
by the mass
of 0.60 kilograms note
that a neutron is equivalent to kilogram
meter per second squared
we can cancel out the unit kilogram
which
leaves us to the unit meters per second
squared
12 meters per second squared divided by
0.60 equals 20
meters per second squared
let's have one last example this time
we are asked to look for the mass of an
encyclopedia
again we have the formula force equals
to mass
times acceleration to look for the mass
transmute this formula
by dividing force to the acceleration we
now have the new formula
mass equals force divided by
acceleration
we divide a force of 15 newtons by the
acceleration of 5 meters per second
squared
since newton is equivalent to kilogram
meter per second squared
we can cancel out the unit meter per
second squared
which leaves us with the unit kilogram
15 kilograms
divided by 5 equals 3 kilograms
which is the mass of the encyclopedia
in summary when a force acts on an
object
it will accelerate in the direction of
the force
with an amount directly proportional to
the force
exerted while inversely proportional to
the mass of the object
this relationship can be explained by
newton's second law of motion
or the law of exhilaration
that's all for now see you on our next
video
and don't forget to keep your minds busy
thanks for watching our video if you
want to see more content from the
learning bees
please hit the subscribe button see you
later
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