Permasalahan Sosial dalam Masyarakat - Materi Sosiologi Kelas XI

Summary

This video discusses various social problems in society, starting with definitions from notable sociologists like Soerjono Soekanto, Martin S. Weinberg, and Sutomo. The video explores social issues such as crime, poverty, and inequality, examining their causes and effects. It highlights factors that contribute to these problems, such as cultural and structural poverty, economic disparities, and social change. Solutions like education, job creation, and fighting corruption are proposed to address these issues. The video emphasizes the importance of understanding social issues to foster a more equitable society.

Takeaways

• 📚 Social problems are defined as conditions or situations within a society that are undesired or contradictory to the values and norms of that society.
• 🌐 Causes of social problems can stem from social change, such as demographic shifts, ecological changes, and cultural transformations, or from the consequences of social development that doesn't align with planned progress.
• 💼 Poverty is a complex social issue, classified into absolute poverty, where income falls below the poverty line set by statistical agencies, and relative poverty, where individuals live above the poverty line but below the standard of the community around them.
• 🏭 Structural causes of poverty include unfair economic policies, unequal distribution of production, and systems that favor certain social groups, leading to a condition where some are systematically disadvantaged.
• 🌱 Cultural poverty arises from lifestyle habits and cultural norms that lead to a sense of adequacy despite lacking resources, such as laziness, wastefulness, and lack of discipline.
• 🚓 Crime is a social problem that involves behavior that violates criminal law and goes against societal norms, ranging from white-collar crimes to organized crime and corporate offenses.
• 🌍 Social inequality, or the disparity in access to resources and opportunities, can lead to a divide between the rich and the poor, affecting areas such as education, health, housing, and employment opportunities.
• 🏢 Inequality can be classified into classic, which involves differences in social class, wealth, prestige, mediated by gender, income, and education, and the new inequality, which is more complex and includes global factors and a wider range of lifestyle choices.
• 🏥 Factors contributing to social inequality include both internal factors, such as low quality of human resources due to low education levels, and external factors, such as bureaucratic hurdles or policies that limit access to opportunities.
• 🏛️ Addressing social inequality involves prioritizing education to improve individual capabilities, creating job opportunities to foster skill development, and minimizing corruption to ensure societal welfare.
• 📉 Social injustice often involves the disproportionate distribution of rights or goods, leading to various forms such as stereotyping, marginalization, subordination, and dominance, which can be identified and addressed through societal efforts.

Q & A

What is the definition of social problems according to Soerjono Soekanto?

According to Soerjono Soekanto, social problems are a kind of incongruity between elements of culture or society that endangers a social group, such as criminal acts.

How does Martin S. Weinberg define social issues?

Martin S. Weinberg defines social issues as situations that are declared to be contrary to the values of the community members.

What does Sutomo believe constitutes a social problem?

Sutomo believes that a social problem is a condition that is not desired by the majority of society, such as high unemployment rates.

What are the two factors that cause social problems according to the script?

The two factors that cause social problems are the result of social change and the result of social development.

What are the demographic changes that can lead to social problems?

Demographic changes that can lead to social problems include population growth or decline without a corresponding increase in resources, such as the increase in population in Jakarta without a corresponding increase in job opportunities.

What is relative poverty in the context of the script?

Relative poverty refers to individuals who live above the poverty line but are still below the standard of living of their surrounding community.

How does cultural poverty differ from structural poverty?

Cultural poverty is caused by lifestyle habits and customs, while structural poverty is caused by human-made factors such as unfair economic policies and unequal distribution of production.

What are the personal factors that contribute to poverty according to the script?

Personal factors contributing to poverty include mental illness, accidents, illiteracy, laziness, and demoralization.

What is the impact of criminality on society as described in the script?

Criminality is considered a social problem because it involves actions that violate criminal law and go against the values and norms of society.

What are the different types of crimes mentioned in the script?

The script mentions several types of crimes including white-collar crime, victimless crime, organized crime, and corporate crime.

How does social inequality manifest in society according to the script?

Social inequality manifests as a significant gap between different conditions, such as between the rich and the poor, or between those with high and low education, which can lead to various social issues.