Protokol dan Persinyalan #18 - Arsitektur Jaringan 2G 3G 4G

Summary

This YouTube video script delves into the evolution of cellular network architecture from 1G to 4G. It explains the division of network architecture into two parts: the Radio Access Network (RAN) and the Core Network. The script covers the transition from GSM to 3G and 4G, detailing the components like BTS, BSC, MSC, and the interfaces used for communication. It also discusses the role of the Evolved Packet System (EPS) in 4G networks, highlighting the functions of MME, SGW, PGW, and PCRF. The video aims to provide a clear understanding of cellular network advancements.

Takeaways

• 📡 The script discusses the evolution of cellular network architecture from 1G to 4G.
• 🔌 It explains that cellular architecture is divided into two main parts: the Radio Access Network (RAN) and the Core Network.
• 🏢 RAN is responsible for the radio communication from the user to the nearest base station, while the Core Network handles the communication between switches.
• 📱 GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) is mentioned as the starting point of cellular networks, with Mobile Stations (MS) and Base Transceiver Stations (BTS).
• 🚩 The script describes the components of a BTS, including the transceiver and the antennas, which can be located at the top or bottom of a tower.
• 🔄 The function of the Base Station Controller (BSC) is highlighted, which controls multiple BTSs and connects to the Mobile Switching Center (MSC).
• 📶 In 3G networks, the user equipment is referred to as a UE (User Equipment), and the network components change, including the Node B (for BTS) and the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN).
• 🌐 The script touches on the evolution to 4G networks, which use IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) technology and are divided into two parts: the E-UTRAN (for radio access) and the EPC (Evolved Packet Core).
• 🌐 The 4G network architecture simplifies the process by removing intermediaries like the BSC, allowing direct communication between eNodeB and EPC.
• 💵 The script also mentions the role of the Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) in the 4G network for billing and charging, especially in roaming scenarios.
• 🔗 The importance of signaling in the network is discussed, with various interfaces like S1, S6, S11, S5, S8, and S7 being key to the control and data planes.

Q & A

What does RAN stand for in cellular network architecture?

RAN stands for Radio Access Network, which is the part of the network that connects the user to the nearest base station using radio waves.

What is the role of BTS in a cellular network?

BTS, or Base Transceiver Station, is responsible for managing communication between the user's mobile station and the network. It is typically located on a tower or beneath a bridge, depending on its position.

What are the two main components of a BTS?

The two main components of a BTS are the transceiver (TRX) and the Baseband Module (BBM). The TRX is for modulation and multiplexing, while the BBM handles the actual communication with the user's mobile station.

How does the network architecture differ between 3G and 4G networks?

In 3G networks, the architecture includes components like BSC (Base Station Controller) and RNC (Radio Network Controller), whereas 4G networks use an IP-based system called EPS (Evolved Packet System) which is divided into two parts: E-UTRAN for the radio access network and EPC for the core network.

What is the function of MSC in a 3G network?

In a 3G network, MSC (Mobile Switching Center) is responsible for switching and controlling calls, as well as handling data and voice services.

What is the difference between SGSN and GGSN in a 3G network?

SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) is responsible for the delivery of data to and from the mobile station, while GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) serves as a gateway to external packet data networks.

What does the term 'EPC' stand for in 4G networks?

EPC stands for Evolved Packet Core, which is the core network part of the 4G LTE architecture that handles data transmission and routing.

What is the role of MME in a 4G LTE network?

MME (Mobility Management Entity) is responsible for the control plane functions in an LTE network, such as mobility management and signaling for user data.

What is the purpose of PCRF in a 4G network?

PCRF (Policy and Charging Rules Function) is used for policy enforcement and charging in a 4G network. It determines how data is billed and managed for services like roaming.

How does signaling work in a 4G network?

Signaling in a 4G network is handled by the MME and involves the use of various interfaces like S1, S6, S11, S5, S8, and S7, which are controlled by the Diameter protocol.