How To Use a Compound Microscope
Summary
TLDRThis instructional video script guides viewers on how to properly handle and use a microscope. It covers picking up the microscope, adjusting lenses including the ocular and objective lenses, calculating total magnification, and focusing techniques. The script also addresses common issues such as blurry images and light problems, offering solutions like cleaning slides and checking the microscope's components. It concludes with instructions for safely returning the microscope to its storage, ensuring proper care and maintenance.
Takeaways
- 🔬 Proper Handling: Use two hands to carry the microscope, one on the arm and one supporting the base.
- 🧐 Dust Cover Removal: Remove and set aside the dust cover before using the microscope.
- 🔌 Power Up: Ensure the microscope is plugged in and turned on for illumination.
- 🌟 Magnification Explained: Understand the magnification power of the ocular lens (10x) and the objective lenses (4x, 10x, 40x).
- 🤓 Total Magnification: Calculate total magnification by multiplying the ocular lens magnification by the objective lens magnification.
- 🔍 Focusing Techniques: Use the coarse focus knob for initial focusing and the fine focus knob for precise adjustments on higher magnification lenses.
- 📏 Stage Positioning: Place the slide on the stage and adjust its position using the stage manipulator knobs.
- 🔄 Parfocality: After initial coarse focusing with the scanning lens, use only fine focus for subsequent lenses.
- 💡 Illumination Issues: Check if the microscope is plugged in, turned on, and the light intensity is set correctly if the illuminator is not working.
- 🚫 Diaphragm and Objective Check: Ensure the iris diaphragm is open and the nose piece is clicked into place with the objective for light to pass through.
- 🧼 Slide Clarity: Clean the microscope slide with optic lens wipes to avoid blurry vision due to smudges or dirt.
- ❗️ Troubleshooting: If issues persist, use a red tag to indicate a problem and provide details for further inspection.
- 🏠 Post-Use Care: Turn off the lamp, unplug the microscope, remove the slide, adjust the scanning lens, center the stage, store the cord, and cover with the dust cover before returning the microscope to the cabinet.
Q & A
How should you carry a microscope?
-Use two hands, one around the arm and one under the base, and then gently set it down on the table.
What is the purpose of removing the dust cover when using a microscope?
-The dust cover is removed to prevent dust from interfering with the observation and to keep the microscope clean.
What is the magnification of the ocular lens on the microscope mentioned in the script?
-The ocular lens has a magnification of 10x.
What is the revolving nose piece and what does it do?
-The revolving nose piece is a part of the microscope that allows you to select different objective lenses by turning it.
What are the magnifications of the objective lenses available on the microscope?
-The objective lenses have magnifications of 4X for the scanning lens, 10X for the low power lens, and 40X for the high power lens.
How is the total magnification of a microscope calculated?
-The total magnification is calculated by multiplying the magnification of the ocular lens by the magnification of the objective lens.
What is the function of the condenser lens on a microscope?
-The condenser lens focuses the light to a point where the object is on the stage, which is crucial for proper illumination.
What are the two types of focusing knobs on a microscope and what do they do?
-There is a coarse focus adjustment knob that moves the stage a lot and a fine focus adjustment knob that moves the stage a little, allowing for precise focusing.
What does 'par focal' mean in the context of microscopes?
-Par focal refers to the property of a microscope where the focus remains the same when switching between different objective lenses after initial coarse focusing.
How do you place a slide on the microscope stage?
-Ensure the scanning lens is selected, pull back the stage clip, and gently slide the specimen into place, using the stage manipulation knobs to position it correctly.
What should you do if the illuminator does not appear to work?
-Check if the microscope is plugged in, turned on, and if the light intensity dial is set to an appropriate level.
What are some common issues that cause blurry vision when using a microscope?
-Blurry vision can be caused by improper focus, a dirty slide, or if the objective lens is not properly clicked into place.
How should you clean a microscope slide to avoid blurry vision?
-Use optic lens wipes to gently rub the slide, being careful not to touch the specimen or the sharp edges of the slide.
What should you do if you still have trouble with the microscope after trying all the troubleshooting steps?
-Attach a red tag to the microscope, detailing the specific issue, and place it in the lab for further inspection.
What are the steps for returning a microscope to the cabinet?
-Turn off the lamp, unplug the microscope, remove the slide, return the scanning power to the original location, move the stage to the highest position, center the stage, neatly store the electrical cord, pull the dust cover over, and carry it back to the cabinet with two hands.
Outlines
🔬 Microscope Handling and Lens Introduction
This paragraph provides a step-by-step guide on how to properly handle a microscope, starting from picking it up using two hands to setting it down gently on a table. It also explains the process of removing the dust cover and plugging in the microscope. The narrator introduces the different lenses found on the microscope, including the ocular lens with 10x magnification and the objective lenses with varying magnifications (4X scanning, 10X low power, and 40X high power). The concept of total magnification, calculated by multiplying the ocular magnification by the objective magnification, is clarified. Additionally, the condenser lens, which focuses light on the specimen, and the two focusing knobs for coarse and fine adjustments are described. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of using the correct focusing technique for parfocal microscopes, which involves using the coarse focus initially and then switching to fine focus when changing to higher magnification lenses.
💡 Troubleshooting and Operating a Microscope
The second paragraph delves into the operation of the microscope, including how to adjust the fine focus for different lenses and how to troubleshoot common issues. It advises checking if the microscope is plugged in and turned on, ensuring the light intensity is adequate, and confirming the iris diaphragm is open to allow light through. The importance of hearing a click when the objective lens is properly seated is highlighted to prevent light leakage. The paragraph also addresses blurry images, suggesting that a dirty slide could be the cause and recommends using optic lens wipes for cleaning. For wet mounts, the narrator provides a method to prepare the slide. If a microscope still malfunctions after following these steps, the user is instructed to tag it with a red tag for further inspection. Finally, the paragraph outlines the procedure for returning a microscope to the cabinet, which includes turning off the lamp, unplugging the device, removing the slide, adjusting the scanning power, and ensuring the microscope is neatly stored with its dust cover in place.
🏷️ Returning Microscopes to the Cabinet
The final paragraph focuses on the process of returning a microscope to the cabinet after use. It provides a brief overview of the steps to be followed, such as ensuring the microscope does not bump into others while being placed back. Although the paragraph is short, it emphasizes the importance of careful handling and proper storage to maintain the condition of the microscopes.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Microscope
💡Ocular Lens
💡Revolving Nose Piece
💡Objective Lenses
💡Condenser Lens
💡Focusing Knobs
💡Parfocal Microscopes
💡Stage Clip
💡Illuminator
💡Iris Diaphragm
💡Slide
💡Red Tag
Highlights
Proper handling of a microscope involves using two hands, one on the arm and one under the base, to carry it gently to the table.
The dust cover should be removed and set aside before using the microscope.
The microscope should be plugged in first before use.
The ocular lens on the eyepiece has a 10x magnification.
The revolving nose piece allows selection of different objective lenses.
The scanning lens provides 4x magnification, the low power lens 10x, and the high power lens 40x.
Total magnification is calculated by multiplying the ocular lens magnification by the objective lens magnification.
The condenser lens under the stage focuses light to a point where the object is on the stage.
There are two focusing knobs - the coarse focus adjustment for larger movements and the fine focus adjustment for precise focusing.
Parfocal microscopes allow initial focusing with the coarse adjustment and subsequent focusing with the fine adjustment when changing lenses.
To place a slide on the microscope, use the scanning lens and adjust the stage clip and slide position.
Slide movement on the stage is controlled by separate knobs for horizontal and vertical adjustments.
When using parfocal microscopes, start with coarse focus on the scanning lens, then switch to fine focus for low and high power lenses.
If the illuminator appears not to work, check if the microscope is plugged in and turned on, and adjust the light intensity dial if necessary.
Common issues with microscopes include a closed iris diaphragm, an improperly clicked nose piece, and dirty or smudged slides.
To clean a slide, use optic lens wipes and gently rub around the edges without touching the specimen.
If a microscope still doesn't work after troubleshooting, use a red tag to indicate the issue and attach it to the ocular tube.
When returning a microscope to the cabinet, turn off the lamp, unplug it, remove the slide, adjust the scanning lens and stage position, store the cord, and cover with the dust cover before carrying it back.
Transcripts
when you pick up a
microscope use two hands one around the
arm and one under the base and then
carry it to your table and gently set it
down now I'm going to remove the dust
cover and kind of put it over here out
of the way and then I'll plug in the
microscope first of all I want to point
out some of the lenses that we find on
the
microscope on the eyepiece we have the
ocular lens that has a magnification of
10x then above the stage here we have
this revolving turret that's called the
revolving nose piece and as you can turn
this and you can select different lenses
these lenses are known as objective
lenses and the first lens here is called
the scanning lens and it has a
magnification of
4X turned it to the next one that's the
low power lens and it has a
magnification of 10x and turn it to the
third lens here um that is a high power
lens that has a magnification of 40x
total magnification is ocular times the
objective so if I have that selected to
the scanning lens uh 10 * um 4 is 40
okay if I turn it to the um low power
lens that's 10 * 10 which is 100 and if
I turn it to the high power lens that is
10 * 40 which is
400 now I also want to point out a lens
that is um under the stage too and this
is a lens that's called the condenser
lens which focuses the light to a point
you know where your object is on the
stage these are the two uh focusing
knobs this large knob right over here is
the coar focus adjustment and when I
turn this it moves the stage a lot
now right in front of it is a
smaller knob that's the fine focus
adjustment I turn that it moves the
stage a
little now this is very important you
know for focusing these are par focal
microscopes what that means is that when
you first start out with putting the
slide on the stage that um when you have
it un scanning use the course Focus
only then when you move it to subsequent
lenses the low power and the high power
lenss only use the fine focus now how
about putting a slide on the microscope
so what I'm going to do is I want to
make sure that I'm on the scanning lens
uh that's the red one over here and I'm
going to get a slide and I'm going to p
pull back the stage clip and gently uh
slide that U slide into place and I can
manipulate my Slide by these knobs here
this knob will move it you know right
and left this one over here will move it
uh up and
down and other thing I want to make sure
and make sure you do have this on the um
the scanning lens I'm want to use a
course focus and make sure that
the stage is all the way up
position now these are par focal
microscopes what that means is that if
you start out with a scanning lens focus
with the course Focus but then when you
move to the um subsequent lenses the low
power and the high power only use the
fine focus okay so let me show you how
to do that now remember that I have my
station all the way up positioned and I
have it on the scanning so what Focus
knob am I going to use well the course
Focus so I'm going to look in here and
I'm going to um turn this until my image
comes into focus and now I see it in
perfect Focus right now
now I move it to the next lens which is
the low power LDS but remember these are
par focal microscopes so now I use the
fine focus adjustment so I'll turn the
fine focus looking in here until it
comes into perfect
Focus okay I got it in focus and if I go
to the high power lens I'm going to um
you know turn the revolving nose piece
and put the lens in the place and again
I going to use the fine focus and now my
image comes in The View
and that's basically how you um you know
use these
microscopes some times the Illuminator
appears not to work one of the first
things you check is if the microscope is
actually plugged in and that has
happened to me before then also after
it's plugged in make sure that you have
it turned on on and there's an on andof
switch someplace on your microscope even
it's not in this particular
location the light intensity dial is on
the side and sometimes it's too low
maybe set on one and no light will show
through so then you need to change that
intensity level by turning the
knob and making sure that that's not
your problem too all right A lot of
times a student will think that the
microscope is not working and I'm going
to answer ansers some questions that are
frequently asked one of them is the
light is on here and my Illuminator but
I don't have any light coming through to
my eye so I can't see anything in the
microscope one thing that might be wrong
is that the iris diaphragm is closed all
the way and you can see that there's no
light coming through when the diaphragm
Irish diaphragm is closed so that's one
thing that could be wrong one other
thing is if the nose piece is not
clicked into place with the objective
then again no light will come through if
it's in between two objectives so you
have to make sure that you hear that
click when you turn the revolving nose
piece another thing uh that sometimes is
an issue is if the view is
blurry sometimes of course you haven't
gotten it into Focus but then another
thing that could be wrong is that your
slide is dirty if your microscope slide
is dirty that's also going to cause some
blurry blurriness when you're trying to
see it so what I suggest is that you
take some optic lens wipes and gently
rub the
slide be careful not to rub too hard
over the specimen but just around the
edges and that will take care of should
take care of any of the smudging that's
on your slide that would cause you to
have a blurry vision when you're using
the blank slides for some reason then
sometimes they come out of the box and
they're blurry too so you can again use
these
wipes to rub the
slide and be careful while I'm doing
this or while you're doing this because
while I'm doing this it is very sharp
the slide's very sharp so you want to
make sure that you
avoid touching
the sharp edges in a way that would be
harmful to you and then the slide is
ready to go to make a wet Mount when
you've done everything you can to make
your microscope work if you still have
trouble put a red tag on it and we'll
take a look at it for you take one of
the red tags that will be located in
your lab write on the blank side What
specifically seems to be wrong with your
microscope use a twist
tie to attach the
tag and then a fix the red tag to the
ocular tube on your
microscope make sure it's going to stay
on but you don't have to do it tightly
and then once you put on
your once you put on the dust
cover I will still be able to see that
there's a red tag and I need to take a
look at something reminders for
returning your microscope to the cabinet
turn the lamp off allow it to cool
unplug your microscope remove the slide
from the stage turn the scanning power
back to the original location move the
stage to the higher most position make
sure that your stage is
centered neatly store the electrical
cord when you're finished with that pull
the dust cover over and then carry it
with two hands back to the cabinet
making sure that you don't bump it into
the other microscopes that are already
in the
cabinet
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