Disorder related to Prenatal Baby Development
Summary
TLDRThis video script delves into prenatal development, detailing the stages of germinal, embryonic, and fetal growth, and the critical events within each. It highlights the importance of a healthy environment during the embryonic period to prevent birth defects. The script also discusses congenital heart disease (CHD), its types, symptoms, and the impact on newborns, emphasizing the advancements in medical care that have improved survival rates and quality of life for affected children.
Takeaways
- 📅 Pregnancy typically lasts 38 to 40 weeks and is divided into three stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal.
- 🌱 The germinal stage involves fertilization and implantation, marking the beginning of pregnancy.
- 👶 The embryonic stage, from week 5 to 11, is critical for the development of the human form and includes key events like organogenesis and placenta formation.
- 🧠 Organogenesis is the process where major organs and structures begin to form, such as the neural tube, heart, and limbs.
- 🛡 The placenta is vital for providing nutrients and oxygen to the embryo and is especially important during the embryonic period.
- 🤰 The fetal stage, from week 9 to birth, includes growth, maturation, and the development of senses and movement.
- 💓 Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a notable disorder that can occur during prenatal development, affecting the heart's structure and function.
- ❤️ The heart has four chambers and valves that regulate blood flow, with adaptations in the fetus to bypass the lungs.
- 🔍 CHD arises from defects in heart structure that can occur within the first eight weeks of gestation, influenced by genetic or environmental factors.
- 🚑 Symptoms of CHD vary widely and can include cyanosis, rapid breathing, fatigue, poor growth, and heart murmurs.
- 🛑 The impact of CHD on mortality and morbidity depends on the type and severity of the defect, with advances in medical care improving survival rates.
Q & A
What is the duration of a normal pregnancy in terms of weeks?
-A normal pregnancy lasts about 38 to 40 weeks.
What are the three main stages of prenatal development mentioned in the script?
-The three main stages are the germinal stage, embryonic stage, and fetal stage.
What is the significance of fertilization in the context of pregnancy?
-Fertilization is the process where a sperm meets an egg, resulting in the formation of a zygote, marking the beginning of pregnancy.
What are the key events during the embryonic period of prenatal development?
-Key events include implantation, cell layer formation (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm), organogenesis, and placenta formation.
What does the term 'organogenesis' refer to during prenatal development?
-Organogenesis refers to the period when major organs and structures begin to form, such as the neural tube, heart, limbs, and sensory organs.
What is the role of the placenta during the embryonic period?
-The placenta provides nutrients and oxygen to the embryo and is critical for the organism's development.
What are the three trimesters of the fetal stage, and what happens during each of them?
-The first trimester is characterized by growth and maturation, the second trimester by movement and significant growth, and the third trimester by the development of senses and preparation for life outside the womb.
What is congenital heart disease (CHD)?
-Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a disorder that involves various structural anomalies of the heart that develop during prenatal stages, often within the first eight weeks of gestation.
What are some common types of CHD mentioned in the script?
-Some common types of CHD include septal defects, valvular defects (such as pulmonary stenosis and aortic stenosis), and cyanotic defects (like tetralogy of Fallot and transposition of the great arteries).
What are the signs and symptoms of CHD in newborns?
-Common signs and symptoms include cyanosis, rapid breathing, shortness of breath, fatigue, failure to thrive, swelling, and heart murmurs.
How does CHD impact mortality and morbidity, and what are the advancements in medical care that have improved outcomes?
-CHD can be life-threatening, especially in severe forms, but advancements in medical technology and management have significantly improved survival rates, allowing many affected individuals to live into adulthood.
Outlines
🤰 Human Prenatal Development Overview
This paragraph introduces the concept of prenatal development, outlining the three main stages: the germinal stage, embryonic stage, and fetal stage. It explains that fertilization marks the beginning of pregnancy and describes the process of a zygote moving to the uterus. The embryonic stage is highlighted as a critical period with key developmental events such as implantation, cell layer formation, organogenesis, and placenta formation. The paragraph also emphasizes the importance of a healthy environment during this sensitive period to prevent birth defects. The fetal stage is characterized by the growth and maturation of organs, fetal movements, and the development of senses, with the fetus relying on the placenta for nutrients and oxygen until full development is reached.
💔 Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) Explained
The second paragraph delves into Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), a disorder that affects the heart's structure, often developing within the first eight weeks of gestation. It discusses the normal anatomy and physiology of the heart, including its chambers and valves, and how blood flows through them. The paragraph then contrasts this with the altered blood flow in CHD due to structural defects. It lists common types of CHD, such as septal defects, valve stenosis, and transposition of the great arteries. The symptoms of CHD are described, including cyanosis, rapid breathing, fatigue, poor growth, swelling, and heart murmurs. The impact of CHD on mortality and morbidity is explored, noting that while severe forms can be fatal without intervention, advances in medical care have improved survival rates. The paragraph concludes by mentioning the ongoing health issues faced by children with CHD and the importance of regular follow-ups with cardiologists.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Pregnancy
💡Germinal Stage
💡Embryonic Stage
💡Fetal Stage
💡Fertilization
💡Implantation
💡Organogenesis
💡Placenta
💡Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)
💡Septal Defect
💡Valvular Stenosis
💡Transposition of the Great Arteries
Highlights
Introduction to the prenatal development stages, including germinal, embryonic, and fetal stages, each with distinct characteristics and processes.
Explanation of fertilization, the initial step in pregnancy where a sperm meets an egg, forming a zygote.
Description of the embryonic period, a critical phase for development from week 5 to 11, involving implantation and organogenesis.
Details on the formation of the three primary germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, which give rise to different body systems.
Importance of the placenta in providing nutrients and oxygen to the embryo during the embryonic period.
Overview of the fetal stage, emphasizing the growth and maturation of organs and body systems.
Discussion on the first trimester, highlighting the development of the fetus's organs and body systems.
Second trimester insights, focusing on fetal movement and the mother's ability to feel these movements.
Third trimester details, including the development of senses and the fetus's preparation for life outside the womb.
Introduction to Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), a notable disorder affecting the structure of the heart during prenatal development.
Explanation of the normal anatomy and physiology of the heart, including the four chambers and associated valves.
Description of the fetal circulation system, adapted to bypass the lungs, with features like the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus.
Types of CHD, including septal defects, valvular stenosis, and transposition of the great arteries.
Signs and symptoms of CHD, such as cyanosis, rapid breathing, fatigue, and growth issues.
Impact of CHD on mortality and morbidity, with variations depending on the type and severity of the defect.
Advancements in medical care and management that have improved survival rates and quality of life for individuals with CHD.
The importance of regular follow-up with cardiologists for ongoing health issues and potential complications in children with CHD.
Conclusion on the significance of CHD as a cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns and the potential for a relatively normal life with proper care.
Transcripts
hi and assalamu alikum my name is nor
Patria so today my friends and I will
explain about disorder that can Ure
during a pental
development so this is me and also my
friend ikara so I'm going to explain
about a paral
development usually a paral development
lasts about 38 to 40 weeks it is divided
into three main stage which is a
germinal stage andaron stage and FAL
stage germinal stage there is a
fertilization and
implantation during embon stage it shows
the process embryo to fitus F lastly is
FAL stage last and longer stage during
birth first of all what is fertilization
fertilization is a complex multi-step
process that is complete in 24 hours
fertilization happens when a sperm from
a male meets an O from a female and from
a zyon from here the zygote will move
down to the fallopian tube and into the
uterus this is the point in which
pregnancy begins next is emonic stage
the emonic period is a crucial stage of
pral development that occurs after
fertilization it spend approximately
from week 5 to week 11 of three station
during this time the developing organism
transition from a blasto sites to
recognizable human
form there are several key events during
a development such as implantation cell
formation orogenesis and also placenta
formation first is implantation around
at the end of the first week after
fertilization the blasto side form from
the zyon attached to the uterine lining
second is St layer formation the blasto
side differentiate into three primary
cell layers which is Ecto mesm and endod
ectm give rise to the nervous system
skin and sensory organs mesum form a
muscles B bones blood vessel and also
reproductive organs endod developing
into the digestive system respiratory
system and other internal
organs organogenesis major organs and
structure begin to form during this
period for example neural tube the perer
to the brain and spinal cord heart limbs
heart startch breathing and pumping
blood uh limbs also a but light
structures appears and gradually develop
into arms and legs eyes ears and nose
begin to take
shape lastly is liver kidney and Tes
that develop on their own placenta
peration the placenta which provide
nutrients and oxygen to the
embryon the embryonic period is critical
because it set the function for the
entire organism genetic effect or
exposure to harmful substance during
this time can lead to bird defect or
developmental issues the embryo is
particularly sensitive to external
influence so proper care and healthy
environment are
essential lastly is a P stage in this
pictures it shows that the organism
starts to develop during 6 months start
from week 9 to 14 in the first trimester
is gr and maturation organs and body
system become more complex in the second
trimester is a movement the fetus start
to move and this movement can be felt by
the mother the fetus grow significantly
in size bone Harden and muscle
strengthen the fetus can also hear
sounds from the outside world in the
third trimester devel is a development
of sense such as eyes ears and brain
continue to develop the fetus practice
the fetus also practice breathing
movement the fetus gain weight and
preparing the baby for life outside the
womb throughout this stage the
developing baby relies on the placenta
for nutrient and oxygen while waste
water are removed through the umbal co
but at the end of the fal stage the baby
is fully developed and ready for
my name is noric Mara and I will talk
about one notable disorder that can
occur during prenal development which is
Continental heart disease CHD this Brad
them andc compasses various structural
anomalies of the heart present above to
understand this disorder we must first
look at the normal anatomy and
physiology of the heart followed by the
PA physiology of CHD and finally the
sign symptom morbidity and mortality
associated with it
the heart is a vital organ responsible
for pumping blood throughout the body it
consists of four chambers two ARA which
is the upper chambers and two ventrical
which is the lower Chambers the blood
flow through these Chambers in a
specific sequence regulated by four main
vve which is the trios valve the
pulmonary valve the mtic valve the mitro
valve and the Artic valve as for the
blood flow sequence deoxygenated blood
enter the right atrium from the superior
and inferior ven Cava then it move to
the right ventricle through the tros Val
and then the right ventricle pounds
blood to the lung via the pulmonary
artery through the pulmonary valve as
for oxygenated blood oxygenated blood
return to the left atrium from the lung
via the ponary vein then it flows to the
left vcal through the mitro BFF and then
the left vcal Pals the O back to the
body through the AL via the AL
PA in the fetus the secur system is
adapted to allow blood to bypass the
lung which are not yet in use key
features includ the forment oval which
is the hole between the AA and the duct
atosis which is a Vel connecting the
pity to the a top move on to the FY of
the Heart during conal heart disease
soal heart disease arises from defect in
the heart structure that develop during
ay often within the first eight week of
gestation this defect can result from
genetic Environmental or unknown factors
that can interfere with the normal blood
flow through the heart and the grow
vessel there is several common type of
CD include the first one which is the
sepal defect which is the at sepor
defect and ventricular sepor defect
which is a whole in the wall SE which is
the septum between the arra and the
ventricles next is the otic defect which
is there is three common type which is
the pulmonary stenis the narrowing of
the pulmonary V or artery atic stenosis
narrowing of the Artic B and corotation
of the a which is the narrowing of the A
and last is the CTIC defect which is the
Tey of fell out the combination of four
defect including vsd palmary stesis
right ventricular hypertrophy and an
overriding AA and also lastly is the
transposition of the great artery which
is the position of the pulon and our
switch we move on to to the sign and
symptoms of
CHD the symptom and sign uh very varies
depending widely on the type and
severity of the defect the common
symptom include
cyesis which is the bluish thin to the
skin lips and figer due to low oxygen
level rapid breathing and shortness of
breath especially during feeding or
physical
activity next is ftic because of which
is the easily tiring during activity and
then cly also full growth also one of
the same time and symptom of CHD because
it's the body failure to drive due to
ination heart function there's also
swelling especially in the legs abdomen
or areas around the eyes and lastly is
the hot mmur which is an abnormal sound
hurt during a heartbeat the impact of
CHD on mortality and modability varies
dep depending on the specific type of
defect and the success of the treatment
some congen heart disease can be left
threatening and requires immediate
intervention after birth While others
may be bag with verical treatment and
surgical correction over
time for the mortality severe forms of
CHD such as hypoplastic left heart
syndrome or transposition of great
arteries have higher motor rates without
timely intervention but advanced in Cal
Tech and medical management have sign
significantly improved the survival rate
with many children living into adulthood
as for morbidity children with CD May
face ongoing health issue including
ariia heart failure development delay
and increase in the risk of infection
they also must uh do a regular followup
with the cardiologist and it is
essential for the chologist to
monitoring and managing any potential
complication overall Continental disease
remain a significant causes of morbility
and mortality in new bonds but with the
detection and Advan in medical care many
effected indid can lead relatively
normal life that's all from us thank you
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