PENGOLAHAN AIR UMPAN KETEL (BOILER)

Summary

This video script discusses the importance of proper boiler feed water management in Indonesia’s industrial energy systems. Boilers, which convert water into steam for various applications like heating and palm oil production, require treated water to avoid issues like crust formation, corrosion, and foam. The script covers essential water treatment methods including preliminary, filtration, and ion exchange processes, as well as the addition of chemicals to prevent scale formation, corrosion, and foam. It also highlights the treatment of condensate to minimize impurities and protect the system’s performance.

Takeaways

• 😀 Boilers are used to generate steam, which is essential for heating and powering industrial processes like palm oil production.
• 😀 Proper boiler feed water management is crucial to prevent issues such as crust formation, corrosion, and foam in boilers.
• 😀 Water from sources like wells, rivers, and seas needs to be treated before being used in boilers to avoid damaging effects.
• 😀 Crust formation on boiler surfaces occurs due to impurities and suspended substances in untreated water, leading to overheating and failure of metal parts.
• 😀 Corrosion in boilers is a complex electrochemical process triggered by factors like low pH, dissolved gases, and suspended solids.
• 😀 Foam formation in boilers can be caused by organic substances or chemicals, and it can interfere with steam release and lead to corrosion.
• 😀 Boiler feed water must meet specific requirements based on the working pressure of the boiler to avoid damage and ensure efficiency.
• 😀 Water treatment methods for boiler feed water include preliminary treatment, filtration, and ion exchange processes to remove harmful impurities.
• 😀 Chemical treatment of boiler feed water helps prevent scale formation, corrosion, and foam formation, ensuring the longevity of the system.
• 😀 Chemicals like nitrilotriacetic acid and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid are used to prevent sedimentation and protect metal surfaces in the boiler.
• 😀 Removing oxygen from boiler feed water and maintaining alkalinity are essential steps to prevent corrosion and scale formation in the system.

Q & A

What is the main function of a boiler in industrial settings?

A boiler's main function in industrial settings is to produce water vapor, which is used for heating or as motive power in various processes, such as heating oil in palm oil production.

Why can't water from wells, rivers, lakes, or the sea be used directly as boiler feed water?

Water from these natural sources cannot be used directly because it may contain impurities that can cause issues like crust formation, corrosion, and foam generation in the boiler, which can shorten its service life.

What are the main problems that arise from using untreated or poorly treated feed water in a boiler?

The main problems include crust formation on the boiler's heat transfer surfaces, corrosion of the metal components, and the formation of foam that can cause water and impurities to carry over with steam.

What is crust formation in a boiler, and what causes it?

Crust formation occurs when suspended substances in water adhere to the metal surface of the boiler, causing overheating and potential damage. It can be caused by direct sedimentation or the deposition of impurities.

How does corrosion occur in a boiler, and what factors contribute to it?

Corrosion occurs when metal reacts with water, leading to its degradation. Factors such as low water pH, dissolved gases (like oxygen and carbon dioxide), and dissolved salts contribute to corrosion.

What are the consequences of foam formation in a boiler?

Foam formation can narrow the space for releasing hot steam, potentially leading to water carryover with impurities, which may cause deposits and corrosion in the boiler system.

What is the purpose of boiler feed water treatment?

Boiler feed water treatment aims to prevent problems like crust formation, corrosion, and foam by removing impurities and adding chemicals that prevent sedimentation, improve water quality, and ensure the boiler operates efficiently.

What are some common chemicals used in boiler feed water treatment?

Common chemicals used include nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), which help prevent sedimentation and scale formation, and sodium sulfite and hydrazine, which remove oxygen to prevent corrosion.

What is the role of external treatment or preliminary treatment in boiler feed water processing?

External treatment or preliminary treatment removes impurities from the raw water before it enters the boiler system. This step is crucial for ensuring the water meets the required quality standards and reduces the likelihood of scaling, corrosion, and other issues.

How does condensate treatment help improve boiler efficiency?

Condensate treatment helps remove impurities from the water that could cause corrosion or scaling in the boiler system. It ensures that the condensate returned to the system is free of harmful substances, thus improving the overall performance and longevity of the boiler.