BOILER PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT

Summary

This video explains the principles and workings of a boiler, focusing on its role in palm oil mills. A boiler is a vital energy conversion device that heats water to produce steam, used for generating electricity and supporting various industrial processes. The video details key components of the boiler, such as pumps, valves, and drums, as well as its efficient system that uses palm oil mill by-products as fuel. It also describes the steam flow through turbines and other machinery to generate power for production. The aim is to provide an informative overview of boiler systems and their importance in industrial settings.

Takeaways

• 😀 A boiler is a device that converts energy by heating water to generate steam, commonly used in palm oil processing plants.
• 😀 The primary function of a boiler in a palm oil plant is to produce steam that powers turbines, generates electricity, and assists in various plant processes.
• 😀 Boilers in palm oil mills are essential for maintaining plant operations. If a boiler stops, the entire plant faces a breakdown.
• 😀 Palm oil mills use steam produced by the boiler to power turbines, process TBS (fresh fruit bunches), heat presses, clarify oil, and dry kernels.
• 😀 The boiler system is highly efficient, using by-products like fiber and shells from palm oil processing as fuel for the boiler.
• 😀 Key components of the boiler include the electric water pump, automatic water control valve, upper and lower drums, water and generating tubes, and safety valves.
• 😀 The electric water pump ensures a continuous supply of water to the boiler, maintaining consistent pressure.
• 😀 The automatic water control valve regulates the water flow into the boiler based on water levels, ensuring stable operations.
• 😀 Safety valves are critical to maintaining safe pressure levels within the boiler, releasing excess steam if necessary.
• 😀 The steam from the boiler powers turbines that generate electricity, which is used for both industrial and domestic purposes within the plant.
• 😀 The system involves an efficient flow of steam that is recycled to maintain necessary pressures, reducing waste and improving operational efficiency.

Q & A

What is a boiler and what is its primary function?

A boiler is a machine that converts energy by heating water until it turns into steam. Its primary function is to produce steam, which can be used for generating electricity or powering various industrial processes.

Why is the boiler considered the 'heart' of a palm oil mill?

The boiler is considered the 'heart' of a palm oil mill because it generates steam necessary for the production of electricity and other heating processes in the plant. If the boiler stops, the entire plant would experience a breakdown.

How does the boiler contribute to electricity generation in a palm oil mill?

In a palm oil mill, the boiler produces steam, which is used to spin a turbine. The turbine, in turn, drives a generator that produces electricity for the mill's operations.

What fuels are used by the boiler in a palm oil mill?

The boiler in a palm oil mill uses byproducts from the oil extraction process, such as fiber and shells, as fuel for combustion.

What is the role of the water pump in the boiler system?

The water pump is responsible for filling the boiler with water, which is then sent to the after drum or steam drum. It operates under high pressure to ensure water is supplied continuously.

What does the automatic water control valve do in the boiler?

The automatic water control valve regulates the flow of water into the boiler. It opens when the water level drops below a set point and closes when the water level exceeds the set threshold.

How do the after drum and lower drum function in the boiler?

The after drum (or steam drum) is where the water is converted into steam. The lower drum holds water and is connected to generating tubes that heat the water to produce more steam.

What is the purpose of the generating tubes in the boiler?

Generating tubes are pipes that are heated to facilitate the rapid production of steam. They are connected between the after drum and lower drum.

How does the boiler's fuel feed system work?

The fuel feed system controls the amount of fuel entering the furnace. When the boiler reaches a set pressure, the sliding door closes to stop fuel flow, and when the pressure drops, the door opens to allow fuel to enter.

What safety measures are in place to prevent pressure buildup in the boiler?

The boiler is equipped with safety valves that release steam if the pressure exceeds the predetermined limit. There are three safety valves in total, two at the amper drum and one at the superheater.

What is the role of the shot glowing system in the boiler?

The shot glowing system helps clean the tubes from ash buildup. Steam is injected into the pipes to remove dust and prevent it from affecting the heat transfer process.

What happens to the steam after it exits the turbine?

After the steam passes through the turbine, it loses pressure and is sent through pipes to various stations in the mill, where it is used in processes like clarification and oil extraction. If necessary, additional steam from the boiler is supplied to maintain pressure.