Materi 07 Mei 2025

Summary

In this sociology lesson, the teacher introduces the concept of social deviance, explaining it as behavior that violates societal norms and triggers efforts to correct such actions. She explores various causes of deviance, including imperfect socialization, exposure to deviant subcultures, and learned behaviors. The lesson highlights different forms of deviance such as individual, group, positive, and negative deviance, as well as primary, secondary, situational, and systematic deviance. The teacher also emphasizes that not all deviant behavior is criminal, and sometimes it may even bring innovation or serve a greater good. The session concludes with an overview of the importance of understanding these concepts for both exams and everyday life.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social deviation refers to behaviors that deviate from societal norms, often requiring intervention from authorities or community leaders to correct them.
• 😀 Deviant behavior is not always criminal; not all social deviations lead to legal consequences, but they may still violate societal norms.
• 😀 Social deviation can be caused by imperfect socialization, such as when key socializing agents (family, school, peers) fail to instill proper norms and values.
• 😀 Peer influence or 'wrong associations' can lead individuals into deviant behavior, such as joining groups with norms that contradict the mainstream society.
• 😀 Learning deviant behavior from the environment, such as witnessing violence at home, can lead individuals to repeat those behaviors in adulthood.
• 😀 Social deviation can be individual (e.g., stealing), or collective (e.g., group fights or gang activity).
• 😀 Positive deviation includes behavior that is unconventional but beneficial or innovative, such as women driving ride-sharing services or working in construction.
• 😀 Negative deviation involves harmful or disruptive behavior that negatively impacts others, such as bullying or criminal activity.
• 😀 Primary social deviation occurs occasionally and is usually tolerated by society, like occasionally being late to school.
• 😀 Secondary social deviation occurs frequently or with significant intensity, where the behavior becomes less tolerable, such as continuous criminal activity.
• 😀 Situational social deviation happens spontaneously due to pressing circumstances, like a parent stealing to feed their family, while systematic deviation is premeditated and involves planning, often seen in organized crimes.

Q & A

What is social deviation as discussed in the transcript?

Social deviation refers to behavior that deviates from the norms or rules within a social system or society, which may lead to efforts from authority figures or community members to correct the behavior.

What role does family play in socialization and preventing social deviation?

Family acts as a key agent of socialization, helping individuals learn societal values and norms. When families fail to socialize their children properly, it may lead to social deviation, as children may engage in behaviors that deviate from societal expectations.

Can social deviation always be categorized as criminal behavior?

No, social deviation does not always constitute criminal behavior. Some deviations from societal norms may not violate legal codes or result in criminal punishment, but they still go against established social norms.

What is meant by 'subculture of deviation' as a cause of social deviation?

A 'subculture of deviation' occurs when an individual interacts with a group whose norms conflict with the dominant societal norms, leading them to adopt behaviors that deviate from the broader societal standards, often through 'wrong associations.'

How does the process of 'learning deviant behavior' contribute to social deviation?

When an individual is exposed to deviant behavior in their environment, such as witnessing violence or criminal acts, they may learn and adopt these behaviors as part of their social learning process, thus leading to social deviation.

What is the difference between primary and secondary social deviation?

Primary social deviation is infrequent and generally tolerated by society, such as occasionally being late for school, while secondary social deviation involves frequent violations that are no longer tolerated and may lead to legal consequences, such as crimes like murder.

Can social deviation ever be considered 'positive'?

Yes, positive social deviation involves behaviors that, while not aligning with societal norms, may bring about innovation or have a beneficial impact. For example, a woman working as a construction worker or a female Gojek driver challenges traditional gender roles, but it is a positive deviation if it helps support her family.

What are situational and systematic forms of social deviation?

Situational social deviation occurs when individuals engage in deviant behavior due to being pressured by circumstances, like a father resorting to theft to feed his family. Systematic social deviation is planned and organized, such as a well-coordinated criminal activity like smuggling or human trafficking.

Why might deviant behavior be more common in certain peer groups?

Certain peer groups may have norms that encourage deviant behavior, which can influence individuals to adopt these behaviors. This often happens when the individual's behavior contradicts the broader social norms due to peer pressure or misguidance from these subcultures.

What are the consequences of not having a complete socialization process?

Without a thorough socialization process, individuals may fail to internalize the values and norms of their society, leading them to engage in deviant behavior. For example, individuals may struggle with appropriate behavior due to a lack of guidance from family or other agents of socialization.