Materi Sosiologi Kelas X - Penyimpangan Sosial dan Pengendalian Sosial

Summary

This video explores the concept of social deviance and its impact on society. It discusses various causes of deviant behavior, such as incomplete socialization, learned deviance, subcultures, economic struggles, and labeling. The video also differentiates between positive and negative deviance, explaining primary and secondary deviance. Various types of crime, including white-collar and corporate crimes, are addressed. Finally, it highlights the role of social control in preventing deviance, with both formal and informal methods discussed. The teacher concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding deviance and social control in shaping behavior and maintaining societal harmony.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social deviation, or deviant behavior, refers to actions or words that go against the social norms and values of society.
• 😀 There are five main causes of social deviation: incomplete socialization, deviant learning processes, subculture influences, economic limitations, and societal labeling.
• 😀 Incomplete socialization occurs when an individual fails to internalize the norms and values, leading to deviant behavior, such as a young child smoking.
• 😀 Deviant learning processes involve individuals or groups consciously learning how to deviate from societal norms, like students deliberately breaking school rules.
• 😀 Subcultures can promote deviant behavior if the surrounding environment or peer groups encourage negative behaviors, like someone raised in a location-based subculture engaging in prostitution.
• 😀 Economic limitations can lead individuals to commit deviant acts, such as theft or robbery, to overcome financial struggles.
• 😀 Labels or stigmas from the surrounding community can push individuals into deviant behavior, such as a student being labeled as lazy and eventually embracing that identity.
• 😀 Deviant behavior can be positive, such as innovative actions that benefit society, or negative, leading to harm or disruption in the community.
• 😀 Deviant behaviors are categorized into primary (temporary, socially acceptable deviations) and secondary (repeated and socially harmful violations).
• 😀 Social control is essential for maintaining societal order. It involves influencing individuals to conform to norms through both formal (legal, educational, religious) and informal (social interactions, gossip, exclusion) mechanisms.

Q & A

What is social deviation (penyimpangan sosial)?

Social deviation, or 'penyimpangan sosial', refers to behavior or actions that do not align with the social norms and values of a society. It is typically considered disruptive as it may disturb the stability of the community.

What are the five factors that contribute to social deviation?

The five factors that contribute to social deviation are: 1) Incomplete socialization, 2) Deviant learning processes, 3) Subculture of deviance, 4) Economic limitations, and 5) Labeling or societal tagging.

How does incomplete socialization lead to deviant behavior?

Incomplete socialization occurs when an individual fails to internalize societal norms and values, often due to a lack of proper guidance or supervision, especially from the family. This can result in deviant behaviors, such as a young person smoking despite their age.

What is the concept of deviant learning?

Deviant learning happens when individuals or groups intentionally learn or adopt behaviors that deviate from social norms, such as students knowingly violating school rules.

What role does a deviant subculture play in social deviation?

A deviant subculture can influence individuals to engage in deviant behaviors based on the norms and practices of their surrounding environment. For example, someone raised in an area with high criminal activity may be more likely to adopt such behaviors.

How do economic limitations lead to social deviation?

Economic hardships and limited access to resources may lead individuals or groups to engage in deviant acts, such as theft or robbery, to fulfill their needs.

What is the concept of labeling in relation to social deviation?

Labeling refers to the process of society tagging someone with a negative label, which can cause the individual to internalize this label and continue engaging in deviant behavior. For example, being called lazy may cause a student to stop trying to improve their academic performance.

What are the two types of social deviation?

The two types of social deviation are: 1) Primary deviance, which is temporary and socially tolerable, and 2) Secondary deviance, which is persistent and often deemed harmful to society.

What is the difference between primary and secondary deviant behavior?

Primary deviance refers to temporary, one-time deviations that can be socially accepted or forgiven, like being late for school due to unforeseen circumstances. Secondary deviance, on the other hand, involves repeated and serious offenses that are no longer tolerated by society, like substance abuse or terrorism.

What are the four types of crimes mentioned in the script?

The four types of crimes discussed are: 1) Victimless crimes (e.g., gambling or drug use), 2) White-collar crimes (e.g., corruption or embezzlement), 3) Organized crimes (e.g., mafia or illegal gambling), and 4) Corporate crimes (e.g., environmental damage caused by companies).

What is the function of social control in society?

Social control aims to influence and guide individuals to behave in accordance with societal norms and values. Its functions include reinforcing societal norms, rewarding conformity, creating fear of punishment, and establishing legal systems to maintain order.

What are the two main types of social control?

The two main types of social control are: 1) Preventive control, which aims to stop deviant behavior before it occurs, and 2) Repressive control, which seeks to correct deviant behavior through sanctions after it occurs.

What is the difference between formal and informal social control?

Formal social control involves official institutions like the government or educational systems applying laws or rules, while informal social control involves social pressure and unwritten norms applied by families or communities.