CLASSIFICAÇÕES DA DOR | TIPOS DE DOR | MK Fisiologia

Summary

This video provides an overview of the main classifications of pain, focusing on types such as acute and chronic pain, nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic pain. The presenter explains the physiological mechanisms behind these pain types, including how pain can be classified based on duration, cause, and location. Acute pain, often resulting from a specific injury, contrasts with chronic pain, which can persist without a clear cause. The video also covers the complexity of chronic pain, including its primary and secondary forms. It further explains somatic and visceral pain, with insights into referred pain and its neural pathways.

Takeaways

• 😀 Acute pain is short-term, lasting up to 3 months, often caused by an injury or trauma, and serves as a protective response.
• 😀 Chronic pain persists beyond 3 months and can occur even after the tissue has healed. It is pathological and does not serve a protective role.
• 😀 Acute pain can be caused by tissue damage, such as spraining an ankle or hitting a finger, and it resolves once the injury heals.
• 😀 Chronic pain can be classified as primary (with unknown causes) or secondary (linked to diseases like cancer).
• 😀 Nociceptive pain results from tissue damage or potential injury, activating nociceptors and causing pain, like pressure or inflammation.
• 😀 Neuropathic pain is caused by injury or disease in neural tissues, either peripheral or central, such as in conditions like diabetes or post-amputation pain.
• 😀 Nociplastic pain occurs without damage to tissues or nerves and is thought to arise from central nervous system sensitization, as seen in fibromyalgia.
• 😀 Visceral pain is harder to pinpoint and originates in the internal organs, often referred to other areas of the body, such as pain from a heart attack radiating to the arm.
• 😀 Somatic pain is caused by the activation of nociceptors in non-visceral tissues like skin, muscles, tendons, and bones.
• 😀 Referred pain occurs when pain is felt in an area of the body different from the source of the pain, often due to the convergence of neural pathways.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video on pain classification?

The video focuses on explaining the main types of pain classifications, including those based on duration, origin, and cause, in a simplified manner for better understanding.

How does acute pain differ from chronic pain in terms of duration?

Acute pain lasts for a short period, typically up to three months, and is caused by a specific injury or trauma. Chronic pain, on the other hand, lasts longer than three months and may persist even after tissue has healed.

What role does acute pain play in the body?

Acute pain serves a protective function by signaling tissue damage and preventing further harm. It encourages the body to rest the injured area to aid in recovery.

What is the difference between primary and secondary chronic pain?

Primary chronic pain has an unknown cause and is considered a disease on its own, while secondary chronic pain is a symptom of another condition, like cancer or other underlying diseases.

How is nociceptive pain defined?

Nociceptive pain is caused by damage to non-neural tissues, such as skin or muscles, which activate pain receptors (nociceptors). It occurs in response to actual or potential tissue damage.

What are examples of conditions that cause neuropathic pain?

Neuropathic pain is caused by damage to neural tissue and can result from conditions like diabetes, multiple sclerosis, or even amputations.

What is the unique feature of non-nociceptive or non-neuropathic pain?

Non-nociceptive or non-neuropathic pain occurs without activation of pain receptors or neural damage. One example is fibromyalgia, where pain is caused by a heightened sensitivity in the central nervous system.

What is somatic pain, and where does it occur?

Somatic pain is caused by activation of pain receptors located in tissues such as the skin, muscles, tendons, joints, and bones.

What is the key characteristic of visceral pain?

Visceral pain is caused by the activation of pain receptors in internal organs. It is often harder to localize and can be referred to other areas of the body, as seen in conditions like heart attacks.

Why is it called referred pain, and can you provide an example?

Referred pain occurs when pain from an internal organ is felt in a different part of the body. For instance, during a heart attack, pain might be felt not only in the chest but also in the left arm, even though the damage occurs in the heart.