Sejarah Perjalanan Kurikulum Pendidikan Hingga Kurikulum Baru 2022

Summary

This video provides an insightful overview of the evolution of Indonesia's education curriculum from 1945 to 2021. It explores the various versions of the curriculum over the years, shaped by political, social, economic, and technological changes. From the initial curriculum in 1947, which focused on character development and national identity, to the more recent 2022 curriculum aimed at accelerating post-pandemic education, the video highlights how each shift reflects the country's broader societal transformations and educational needs.

Takeaways

• 😀 The history of Indonesia's education curriculum has evolved significantly from 1945 to 2021, influenced by political, social, cultural, economic, and technological factors.
• 😀 Political changes and regime shifts directly affect the education system, including curriculum adjustments.
• 😀 Social and cultural shifts, such as changes in behavior and societal values, require the education system to adapt and align with these transformations.
• 😀 Economic needs, such as the evolving demands for various skill sets in the workforce, drive curriculum changes.
• 😀 The rapid advancement of science, technology, and knowledge (IPTEK) has necessitated ongoing updates to the curriculum to prepare students for modern challenges.
• 😀 Curriculum 1947, the first post-independence curriculum, focused on character building and national awareness rather than academic achievement.
• 😀 Curriculum 1952 refined the previous curriculum by detailing each lesson, aiming for a more structured educational approach.
• 😀 Curriculum 1964 introduced the *Pancawardhana* program, emphasizing moral development, emotional intelligence, and artistic skills.
• 😀 Curriculum 1975 was influenced by management principles, emphasizing detailed lesson objectives and instructional procedures.
• 😀 Curriculum 1984 adopted the *CBSA* (Active Student Learning) approach, focusing on making students the central participants in the learning process.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video about the curriculum in Indonesia?

The video focuses on the historical development and evolution of the education curriculum in Indonesia, from 1945 to 2021, highlighting the political, social, economic, and technological factors that influenced each change.

Why does the curriculum in Indonesia change frequently?

Curriculum changes in Indonesia are influenced by several factors, including political changes, shifts in social and cultural behaviors, evolving economic needs, and rapid advancements in science and technology (IPTEK).

What was the emphasis of the 1947 curriculum in Indonesia?

The 1947 curriculum, which was implemented after Indonesia's independence, emphasized the development of character, national consciousness, and social awareness, rather than focusing on academic knowledge.

How did the 1952 curriculum differ from the 1947 curriculum?

The 1952 curriculum was an improvement over the 1947 curriculum, introducing more detailed and structured lesson plans, thus providing a more systematic approach to education.

What was the goal of the 1964 curriculum in Indonesia?

The 1964 curriculum aimed to develop students' moral, emotional intelligence, and artistic skills, and was influenced by the national program of Pancawardhana, which was focused on holistic student development.

What significant change did the 1968 curriculum bring?

The 1968 curriculum, introduced during the New Order era under President Soeharto, focused on aligning education with the ideals of the Pancasila, with an emphasis on building strong and healthy individuals who fully adhered to the principles of the state ideology.

What was the influence of management theories on the 1975 curriculum?

The 1975 curriculum was influenced by management theories such as Management by Objectives (MBO). It introduced more detailed planning for each lesson and focused on clearly defined educational objectives.

What is the primary approach introduced in the 1984 curriculum?

The 1984 curriculum introduced the concept of 'Student-Centered Learning,' where students became active participants in their own learning process, including activities like observation, grouping, and reporting (CBSA - Cara Belajar Siswa Aktif).

What was the key issue with the 1994 curriculum in Indonesia?

The 1994 curriculum faced criticism due to its heavy workload, with too many subjects and topics, which made it challenging for students to absorb all the content. This led to difficulties in its implementation.

What changes were made in the 2006 curriculum compared to the 2004 curriculum?

The 2006 curriculum introduced a decentralized approach, allowing schools and local governments to have more control in designing their own lesson plans and assessments, based on regional needs. This curriculum was known as the 'School-Based Curriculum' (KTSP).

How does the 2013 curriculum differ from previous versions?

The 2013 curriculum emphasizes a more integrated approach, focusing on three main aspects: knowledge, skills, and attitudes (cognitive, psychomotor, and affective). It also shifts the focus towards active learning and assessment based on student performance.

What is the purpose of the 2022 curriculum in Indonesia?

The 2022 curriculum is designed as a refinement of the 2013 curriculum, aimed at accelerating education recovery after the pandemic. It allows schools greater freedom in designing teaching methods and processes, while the central government focuses on setting the learning outcomes.