Concordância – Nominal e Verbal - Você vai aprender I Português On-line

Summary

In this lesson, Professor Aline introduces the concept of nominal concordance in Portuguese grammar, focusing on how adjectives must agree with nouns in gender and number. She explains key rules, such as when adjectives agree with the closest noun or with all nouns in a list. The lesson also covers exceptions and special cases, including when adjectives modify nouns of different genders or numbers. Professor Aline emphasizes the importance of understanding concordance for successful writing, and hints at more examples to be covered in future lessons.

Takeaways

• 😀 Concordância nominal refers to the agreement between a noun and its related elements like adjectives, articles, pronouns, and numerals.
• 😀 The main principle of concordance is that words must harmonize with each other in gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural).
• 😀 Adjectives typically agree in gender and number with the noun they modify, for example: 'o menino estudioso' (masculine, singular) vs 'a menina estudiosa' (feminine, singular).
• 😀 When referring to multiple nouns of different genders, an adjective can agree in the masculine plural or with the nearest noun.
• 😀 Example 1: 'A caneta e o colar dourados' (masculine plural agreement with both nouns).
• 😀 Example 2: 'O colar e a caneta dourada' (feminine singular agreement with the nearest noun).
• 😀 When the adjective refers to multiple nouns of the same gender and number, it can either stay in singular or plural.
• 😀 Example 1: 'O casal achou a rua e a casa assombrada' (singular agreement with both nouns).
• 😀 Example 2: 'O casal achou a rua e a casa assombradas' (plural agreement with both nouns).
• 😀 When an adjective comes before two or more nouns, it typically agrees with the closest noun, as seen in 'novas roupas e sapatos' (plural, agreeing with 'roupas').

Q & A

What is the definition of 'Concordância Nominal' in Portuguese?

'Concordância Nominal' refers to the grammatical agreement between a noun and its modifying elements such as adjectives, articles, pronouns, and numerals. These elements must agree in gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural) with the noun they modify.

How does an adjective typically agree with a noun in Portuguese?

In general, the adjective agrees with the noun in both gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural). For example, 'O menino estudioso' (The studious boy) and 'A menina estudiosa' (The studious girl).

What happens when an adjective refers to more than one noun of different genders?

When an adjective modifies multiple nouns of different genders, there are two possibilities for agreement. The adjective can agree with the plural masculine (e.g., 'A caneta e o colar dourados' – The pen and the necklace are golden) or agree with the noun closest to it (e.g., 'O colar e a caneta dourada' – The necklace and the pen are golden).

How does an adjective behave when modifying multiple nouns of the same gender and number?

When an adjective modifies nouns of the same gender and number, it can agree in either the singular or plural form. For instance, 'O casal achou a rua e a casa assombrada' (The couple found the street and the house haunted) or 'O casal achou a rua e a casa assombradas' (The couple found the street and the house haunted – plural).

How does the position of the adjective influence its agreement with the noun(s)?

When the adjective comes before the nouns, it usually agrees with the closest noun. For example, 'Novas roupas e sapatos' (new clothes and shoes) – the adjective 'novas' agrees with 'roupas,' which is closer. When the adjective comes after the nouns, it can agree either with the closest noun or with both nouns in plural masculine form.

What is the rule for adjective agreement when the adjective comes before two or more nouns?

When the adjective comes before two or more nouns, it typically agrees with the noun closest to it. For example, in 'Novas roupas e sapatos' (new clothes and shoes), 'novas' agrees with 'roupas' because it is closer.

What is meant by 'harmonizing' words in a sentence in terms of concordância nominal?

Harmonizing words means ensuring that the elements of a sentence, such as nouns and adjectives, are in agreement with each other. In other words, they must match in both gender and number to create grammatical harmony.

Why is it important to understand and apply the rules of concordância nominal in writing?

Understanding and applying the rules of concordância nominal is crucial for writing correctly in Portuguese. It ensures clarity and grammatical accuracy, helping writers communicate effectively.

What are the two possible ways an adjective can agree when it modifies multiple nouns of different genders?

The adjective can either agree with the plural masculine form, or it can agree with the noun closest to it. For example, 'A caneta e o colar dourados' (plural masculine) vs. 'O colar e a caneta dourada' (singular feminine, agreeing with 'caneta').

What is one of the key takeaways from the teacher’s lesson on concordância nominal?

One key takeaway is that understanding nominal agreement between nouns and their modifying elements (such as adjectives) is fundamental for producing grammatically correct and coherent written and spoken Portuguese.