Concordância verbal e nominal - Toda Matéria

Summary

This video provides a comprehensive explanation of concordance in Portuguese grammar, focusing on both verbal and nominal agreement. It covers the essential rules for ensuring subject-verb agreement and adjective-noun agreement, including scenarios with compound subjects, different grammatical persons, and multiple adjectives or numerals. Examples are used to clarify how verbs and adjectives must match in gender and number with their subjects. The video also addresses variations in agreement when multiple subjects or numerals are involved, offering practical insights for mastering these grammar rules to enhance communication in both written and spoken Portuguese.

Takeaways

• 😀 The lesson is about grammar rules, focusing on the concept of agreement (concordância) in language.
• 😀 Concordância ensures proper communication by ensuring subject-verb and adjective-subject agreement in sentences.
• 😀 Concordância verbal (verb agreement) makes sure the subject always agrees with the verb in terms of number and person.
• 😀 For example, 'Nós estamos' (We are) is correct because the verb 'estamos' agrees with the plural subject 'nós'.
• 😀 Subject-verb agreement rules also apply when the subject is composed (two or more people or things).
• 😀 When a compound subject precedes the verb, the verb must be in the plural form. Example: 'Maria e José conversaram' (Maria and José talked).
• 😀 If a compound subject follows the verb, the verb can agree with either the plural or the nearest subject. Example: 'Discutiram diretor e professores' (The director and professors discussed).
• 😀 When a compound subject involves different grammatical persons, the verb agrees with the person of higher priority. For example, 'nós' takes priority over 'vós' and 'eles'.
• 😀 Concordância nominal (adjective agreement) ensures that adjectives, pronouns, articles, and numerals agree with the noun in gender and number.
• 😀 If there is more than one adjective describing a noun, the adjectives must agree with the noun in both gender and number.
• 😀 When there are multiple nouns and a single adjective, the adjective agrees with the nearest noun in gender and number.
• 😀 Numerals before a noun can cause the noun to agree with the nearest numeral, but if numerals follow the noun, the noun must be plural.
• 😀 The video ends by reinforcing the main rules of verb and adjective agreement, emphasizing the importance of following them for clear communication.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of concordância verbal?

The main purpose of concordância verbal (verbal agreement) is to ensure that the subject and the verb agree in person and number in a sentence.

Can you give an example of a correct concordância verbal?

Yes, an example of correct concordância verbal is: 'Nós estamos prontos' ('We are ready'). The subject 'nós' (we) is in the first person plural, so the verb 'estamos' must agree in the same person and number.

What happens if the subject is composed and comes before the verb?

If the subject is composed and comes before the verb, the verb must be in the plural form, as in 'Maria e José conversaram até de madrugada' ('Maria and José talked until dawn').

How does concordância verbal work when the subject is composed but placed after the verb?

When the subject is composed and placed after the verb, the verb can either agree with the plural subject or with the nearest noun to the verb. For example, 'Discursaram diretor e professores' or 'Discursou diretor e professores' are both correct.

What is the rule when a subject is composed of different grammatical persons?

When the subject is composed of different grammatical persons, the verb must agree with the first person in plural. For example, 'Nós vamos à festa' ('We are going to the party').

How do we handle concordância nominal with multiple adjectives for a single noun?

When there are multiple adjectives for a single noun, the adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun. For example, 'Comida salgada e gordurosa' ('Salty and fatty food').

What happens when an adjective comes before the nouns it modifies?

If the adjective comes before the nouns, it must agree with the nearest noun in gender and number. For example, 'Construção e patrimônio dela' ('Her construction and heritage').

How does concordância nominal work with numerals?

When numerals come before a noun, the noun can agree with the numeral or with the nearest subject. For example, 'Visitei os quartos primeiro e segundo' ('I visited the first and second rooms').

What is the rule for concordância nominal when the adjective comes after the nouns?

When the adjective comes after the nouns, it can agree with the nearest noun, or it can be made plural and masculine if the nouns belong to different genders. For example, 'Pronúncia e vocabulário perfeitos' ('Perfect pronunciation and vocabulary').

What are the two main types of concordância discussed in the lesson?

The two main types of concordância discussed are concordância verbal (verbal agreement) and concordância nominal (nominal agreement).