🟣 CONCORDÂNCIA NOMINAL || Aula de Português para concursos, vestibulares, ENEM

Summary

In this video, Letícia Góes, a Portuguese teacher, provides an in-depth lesson on concordância nominal (nominal agreement). She explains how articles, pronouns, numerals, and adjectives must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify. Letícia covers various rules and exceptions, including how adjectives agree with multiple nouns of different genders, and clarifies common mistakes. The lesson also touches on tricky words like 'bastante' and 'meio,' and how they vary depending on context. With clear examples, Letícia helps learners understand the intricacies of nominal agreement in Portuguese.

Takeaways

• 😀 Concordance in grammar refers to the adjustment of words within a sentence to align with each other in gender and number.
• 😀 The general rule of nominal concordance is that articles, pronouns, numerals, and adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they refer to.
• 😀 In the case of multiple nouns of the same gender, adjectives may either agree with all nouns or just the closest one.
• 😀 When dealing with multiple nouns of different genders, the adjective generally agrees with the masculine plural form.
• 😀 If adjectives are placed before nouns, they must agree with the closest noun in gender and number.
• 😀 Some expressions like 'é bom' (it's good), 'é necessário' (it's necessary), and 'é proibido' (it's prohibited) follow specific rules depending on whether they are accompanied by a determiner.
• 😀 The word 'alerta' is always invariable and should not be used in the plural form, regardless of the number of subjects.
• 😀 The word 'bastante' can be used in the plural form as a pronoun but remains invariable when used as an adverb.
• 😀 The word 'meio' can vary in gender when used as a numeral ('meia' for half) but remains invariable as an adverb when meaning 'a little'.
• 😀 The word 'obrigado' (thank you) must match the gender of the speaker, with 'obrigado' for males and 'obrigada' for females.
• 😀 The expressions 'anexo' and 'incluso' agree with the noun they modify, but 'em anexo' is an adverbial phrase and remains invariable.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?

The main topic of the video is 'concordância nominal,' which refers to the agreement of adjectives, pronouns, numerals, and articles in gender and number with the nouns they refer to.

What is the general rule for 'concordância nominal'?

The general rule for concordância nominal is that articles, pronouns, numerals, and adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they refer to.

Can you explain the difference between 'concordância nominal' and 'concordância verbal'?

'Concordância nominal' refers to the agreement of adjectives, pronouns, numerals, and articles with the noun, while 'concordância verbal' concerns the agreement between the subject and the verb.

What happens when multiple nouns of the same gender are followed by an adjective?

When multiple nouns of the same gender are followed by an adjective, the adjective can either agree with all nouns in the plural, or it can agree with the closest noun.

How does 'concordância nominal' work when there are nouns of different genders followed by an adjective?

When nouns of different genders are followed by an adjective, the adjective generally agrees with the masculine plural form, as the masculine gender predominates.

What happens when the order of adjectives and nouns changes?

If the adjective comes before the nouns, it will agree with the noun closest to it. However, if the adjective comes after the nouns, it can agree with both nouns or just the nearest one.

What is the rule for the expressions 'é bom,' 'é necessário,' and 'é proibido' when followed by a noun?

These expressions will agree with the noun if it has a determinative (like an article or pronoun). If there is no determinative, the expressions remain invariable.

Can you explain the confusion caused by the word 'alerta'?

The word 'alerta' is an invariable adjective, meaning it does not change in gender or number. For example, 'os guardas estão alerta' is correct, regardless of the number of guards.

What is the proper usage of 'obrigado' and 'obrigada'?

'Obrigado' and 'obrigada' agree with the speaker’s gender. A male speaker would say 'obrigado,' while a female speaker would say 'obrigada.'

How does the word 'meio' function in 'concordância nominal'?

The word 'meio' can either be a numeral or an adverb, depending on the context. When it means 'half,' it is a numeral and agrees with the noun. When it means 'a little,' it is an adverb and does not change.