NTFS, ext4, exFAT y FAT32 (ISO - 5.2)

imesi net

7 Dec 202010:28

Summary

TLDRThis script discusses file system formats for storage devices, focusing on NTFS and EXT4. It explains that NTFS is the default for Windows, while EXT4 is the de facto standard for Linux with no practical limitations. The script also touches on the outdated FAT32 system with its limitations, such as a 4GB file size cap. It advises using NTFS for compatibility and EXT4 for Linux, with EXFAT as an alternative for devices like mobile phones and consoles. The summary also mentions the challenges of compatibility and the need to choose the right file system based on device support and usage.

Takeaways

💾 When formatting a hard drive, common file systems include FAT32, NTFS, and exFAT.
🖥️ For Windows, NTFS is the default file system, while Linux typically uses ext4.
🔧 Linux has fewer issues with file systems and can handle ext4 without limitations.
🚫 Microsoft's NTFS is proprietary, and other systems may need special permissions or drivers to be compatible.
📱 exFAT is simpler than NTFS and has no practical limitations but is less common due to Microsoft's licensing.
📱 Devices like phones and consoles may require specific file systems; exFAT is often a good choice for compatibility.
🚫 FAT32 is outdated and has limitations, such as a maximum file size of 4GB and a maximum partition size of 2TB.
💿 For sharing partitions between Windows and Linux, NTFS is recommended as Linux can read NTFS but Windows reading ext4 is more complex.
📀 When using a USB drive, NTFS or exFAT is often better for compatibility and speed, especially with small files.
📺 For media devices like TVs, FAT32 might be necessary for older models, while modern ones can handle NTFS.
📝 The choice of file system often depends on the specific use case, with NTFS being a safe default for Windows users.

Q & A

What are the common file system formats for a disk?
-The common file system formats mentioned are FAT32, NTFS, and exFAT. These are the most common options for formatting a disk.
What is the recommended file system for Linux?
-The recommended file system for Linux is ext4, which is considered the de facto standard and has no practical limitations from a human perspective.
Why is NTFS the default file system for Windows?
-NTFS is the default file system for modern Windows systems because it is part of the New Technology File System (NTFS) that originated from Windows NT.
What are the legal complications with NTFS compatibility?
-NTFS is a registered trademark of Microsoft, and third parties need explicit written authorization to create compatible implementations, which often involves paying royalties.
What is the main advantage of using exFAT over NTFS?
-exFAT is simpler than NTFS, has no practical limitations, and is easier to implement. However, it is less commonly found on devices due to Microsoft's registration and the need to pay royalties.
Why is FAT32 considered obsolete?
-FAT32 is considered obsolete because it has severe limitations, such as not supporting disks larger than 2TB and files larger than 4GB, which are common requirements today.
What is the main issue with FAT32 when saving files larger than 4GB?
-When trying to save a file larger than 4GB on a FAT32 disk, the system may incorrectly report that there is not enough space, even when there is ample free space available.
What is the recommendation for formatting a USB drive?
-For a USB drive, it is recommended to format it in NTFS for better compatibility and performance with small files and complex directory structures.
What file system should be used for a microSD card in a mobile phone?
-For a microSD card in a mobile phone, it is generally recommended to use exFAT unless the phone specifically requires FAT32.
What file system should be used for a hard drive connected to an old TV?
-For an old TV, the hard drive should be formatted in FAT32, while a modern TV can handle NTFS without issues.
What is the general recommendation for file system choice in Windows?
-The general recommendation for Windows is to use NTFS whenever possible for compatibility and performance. If not, exFAT could be tried, but FAT32 should be the last resort.

Outlines

00:00

💾 File System Formats and Compatibility

The paragraph discusses the process of formatting a disk and the common file systems used in Windows and Linux. It emphasizes the ease of formatting in Linux with the ext4 file system, which has no practical limitations from a human perspective. In contrast, Windows uses NTFS, which has legal restrictions due to Microsoft's registration. The paragraph also touches on the compatibility issues with NTFS and the simplicity of exFAT, which is not as widely implemented due to Microsoft's licensing. Lastly, it mentions the outdated FAT32 system, which is still in use despite its severe limitations, such as not supporting disks larger than 2GB and files larger than 4GB.

05:00

📚 Choosing the Right File System for Your Needs

This paragraph continues the discussion on file systems, focusing on practical considerations when choosing between NTFS and ext4. It explains that ext4 is generally recommended for Linux users due to its simplicity and compatibility. For dual-boot systems or shared partitions between Windows and Linux, NTFS is a good choice because modern Linux distributions can read NTFS partitions easily. The paragraph also addresses the challenges of using FAT32, such as its limitations in file size and disk capacity, and suggests that it should only be used as a last resort when compatibility is an issue. Additionally, it provides advice on formatting external storage devices like SD cards for use with mobile phones or consoles, recommending exFAT for general use and FAT32 only when necessary.

10:04

🚫 The Downsides of FAT32

The final paragraph reiterates the severe limitations of FAT32, which is considered outdated and not suitable for modern needs due to its restrictions on disk size and file size. It humorously suggests that FAT32 should be avoided whenever possible, implying that there are better alternatives available for file system formatting.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡File System

A file system is a method of storing and organizing computer files and their data. In the context of the video, file systems are central to the discussion as they dictate how data is managed on storage devices. The video mentions NTFS, FAT32, and ext4 as examples, emphasizing their compatibility with different operating systems like Windows and Linux.

💡NTFS

NTFS stands for New Technology File System and is a proprietary file system developed by Microsoft. The video discusses NTFS as the default file system for modern Windows operating systems, highlighting its compatibility issues and legal restrictions due to its proprietary nature. It's noted that while Linux can read NTFS, writing to it can be more complex.

💡FAT32

FAT32 is a file system that originated with Windows 95. The video points out FAT32 as outdated, with severe limitations such as a maximum partition size of 2 terabytes and a maximum file size of 4 gigabytes. Despite these limitations, FAT32 is still in use because it's not proprietary, allowing for broad implementation without legal issues.

💡ext4

ext4 is a file system commonly used by Linux distributions. The video praises ext4 for its lack of practical limitations, making it a flexible choice for storage. It's noted that ext4 works well with Linux and can be read by modern Windows systems, although writing to it from Windows is more complicated.

💡Compatibility

Compatibility in this context refers to the ability of different systems or devices to work together. The video discusses compatibility issues with NTFS and FAT32, explaining how certain devices, like smartphones, may not support NTFS but will support exFAT, which is simpler and has fewer restrictions than NTFS.

💡exFAT

exFAT is a file system developed by Microsoft to overcome the limitations of FAT32. The video mentions exFAT as a simpler file system without the practical limitations of NTFS, but it also points out that Microsoft's registration of exFAT means that other systems may need to pay royalties to implement it.

💡Partition

A partition is a section of a hard disk drive that is divided for the purpose of managing disk space. The video discusses partitioning in the context of sharing data between Windows and Linux, suggesting that using NTFS or ext4 can facilitate this.

💡SD Card

SD Cards are portable storage devices. The video suggests that for SD cards used in mobile phones or consoles, exFAT is often the best file system due to its simplicity and broad compatibility, unless the device only supports FAT32.

💡Hard Drive

A hard drive is a non-volatile storage device that retains data even when the system is powered off. The video discusses formatting hard drives with NTFS or FAT32 depending on the age of the device they will be used with, such as older TVs requiring FAT32.

💡Formatting

Formatting is the process of preparing a storage device for use by defining its file system. The video explains that formatting to NTFS, FAT32, or ext4 are common choices depending on the operating system and the intended use of the storage device.

💡Linux

Linux is a type of Unix operating system. The video contrasts Linux's handling of file systems with Windows, noting that Linux tends to have fewer issues with compatibility and can natively support a variety of file systems including ext4 and NTFS.

Highlights

When formatting a disk, you can choose between FAT32, NTFS, and exFAT file systems.

Windows typically formats disks to NTFS, while Linux uses ext4 as the de facto standard.

Linux has no practical limitations with ext4 file systems, allowing for extensive customization.

NTFS is a registered trademark of Microsoft, which complicates its compatibility with non-Windows systems.

Linux compatibility with NTFS has become a de facto standard, despite legal complexities.

Microsoft's registered trademarks on file systems like exFAT can hinder broad implementation.

exFAT is simpler than NTFS but less commonly implemented due to Microsoft's licensing requirements.

FAT32 is an outdated file system from Windows 95 with severe limitations, such as a 4GB file size cap.

FAT32 can mislead users by showing insufficient disk space when trying to save files larger than 4GB.

Linux and Windows have different compatibility levels with various file systems, affecting how they should be used.

For dual-boot systems or shared partitions, NTFS is recommended for compatibility between Windows and Linux.

USB drives can be formatted in NTFS or exFAT, with exFAT generally being faster but less compatible.

SD cards for mobile phones or consoles are typically best formatted in exFAT for compatibility.

Older TVs may require FAT32 for compatibility, while modern TVs can handle NTFS without issues.

The choice of file system can impact the performance and compatibility of storage devices.

In general, NTFS is recommended for Windows users, with exFAT as a secondary option for compatibility.

FAT32 should only be used when no other options are viable due to its severe limitations.