FISIKA Kelas 12 - Energi dan Daya Listrik | GIA Academy
Summary
TLDRThis educational video from DJ Academy YouTube channel explores the origins of electrical energy, its conversion into various forms like motion, sound, and light, and the factors influencing its magnitude. It explains the mathematical formulas for calculating electrical energy and power, including Ohm's Law. Practical examples, such as the brightness of a light bulb and the energy conversion in electric appliances, are discussed. The video also covers the calculation of energy consumption in households using a KWH meter and the cost of electricity. It concludes with problem-solving examples to reinforce the concepts taught.
Takeaways
- 🔌 Electricity is generated from various sources like the sun, wind, and water.
- ⚡ The devices we use daily convert electrical energy into different forms, such as motion, sound, and light.
- 💡 The amount of electrical energy an appliance uses is influenced by voltage, current, resistance, and the time it's used.
- 📐 The formula to calculate electrical energy is W = V * I * t, where W is energy in joules, V is voltage in volts, I is current in amperes, and t is time in seconds.
- 🔗 Ohm's Law states that V = I * R, which can be used to find the resistance (R) if voltage (V) and current (I) are known.
- 💡 The brightness of a light bulb is affected by its electrical power, with higher power resulting in a brighter light.
- ⏱ The power used by an electrical device can be calculated if you know its rated power and the voltage of the power source it's connected to.
- 🔥 Energy conversion to heat in electrical appliances follows the formula P = I^2 * R, where P is power in watts, I is current in amperes, and R is resistance in ohms.
- 🏡 Household electricity usage is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh), with 1 kWh equaling 1 kilowatt used for one hour.
- 💼 The cost of electricity is calculated by multiplying the total energy used (in kWh) by the electricity rate per kWh.
Q & A
What are the various sources from which electrical energy is generated?
-Electrical energy is generated from various sources such as the sun, wind, water, and more.
How is electrical energy transformed into other forms of energy?
-Electrical energy can be transformed into other forms such as motion in a fan, sound and light in a television, and heat when using an iron.
What factors influence the amount of electrical energy used by an electrical device?
-The amount of electrical energy used by a device is influenced by the electric current, voltage, resistance, and the duration of use.
What is the mathematical formula used to calculate electrical energy?
-The electrical energy is calculated using the formula W = V * I * t, where W is energy in joules, V is voltage in volts, I is current in amperes, and t is time in seconds.
How is electrical power defined and what is its unit?
-Electrical power is defined as the electrical energy transferred per unit time. Its unit is the watt (W).
What is the relationship between the power of a light bulb and its brightness?
-The brightness of a light bulb is directly related to its electrical power; the higher the power, the brighter the bulb.
How can you calculate the resistance of an electrical device if you know the energy produced and the voltage?
-You can calculate the resistance using the formula R = V^2 / (W / t), where R is resistance in ohms, V is voltage in volts, W is energy in joules, and t is time in seconds.
What is the formula to determine the electrical energy used by an appliance given its power and usage time?
-The electrical energy used is calculated with the formula W = P * t, where W is energy in joules, P is power in watts, and t is time in seconds.
How can you find the power used by a light bulb when connected to a different voltage than its rated voltage?
-The power used by the light bulb can be calculated using the formula P2 = (V2 / V1)^2 * P1, where P2 is the power used at the new voltage, V2 is the new voltage, V1 is the rated voltage, and P1 is the rated power.
What is the formula to convert electrical energy into heat, and how is it applied?
-The formula to convert electrical energy into heat is V^2 / R * t = m * c * Δt, where V is voltage, R is resistance, t is time, m is mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and Δt is the change in temperature.
How is the cost of electricity calculated for household use?
-The cost of electricity is calculated using the formula Cost = Energy (in KWH) * Tariff per KWH, where the energy used is converted from watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.
Outlines
🔌 Understanding Electrical Energy and Power
The first paragraph introduces the topic of electrical energy and power, emphasizing the common use of electrical appliances in daily life such as AC units, televisions, and fans. It poses questions about the origin of electrical energy and what factors affect its magnitude. The script then explains that electrical energy is generated from various sources like the sun, wind, and water, and is used to power electrical devices. It also discusses the concept of energy transformation, where electrical energy is converted into motion, sound, light, and heat. The mathematical formula for calculating electrical energy (W = V*I*t) is introduced, along with the Ohm's law (V = I*R), leading to the alternative formula for energy (W = V^2/R * t). The paragraph concludes with an invitation to watch the video to the end for a comprehensive understanding of the topic.
💡 Exploring Electrical Power and Energy Consumption
The second paragraph delves into the concept of electrical power, defined as the rate at which electrical energy is used over time. It explains that the brightness of a light bulb is an example of how power affects the performance of an electrical device. The mathematical formula for power (P = W/t) is introduced, along with its alternative forms (P = V*I and P = V^2/R). The paragraph also discusses how the specifications of an electrical device, such as power and voltage, can be used to calculate the power consumption when connected to a different voltage source. It touches on the conversion of electrical energy into heat and the formula used to measure this conversion (Q = m*c*ΔT). The script mentions the use of a kWh meter to measure household energy consumption and how electricity bills are calculated based on energy usage and the cost per kWh.
📐 Practical Calculations of Electrical Energy and Power
The third paragraph presents a series of practical problems to solve, applying the concepts and formulas introduced in the previous paragraphs. It includes calculations for determining resistance based on known energy and voltage, calculating the energy consumed by an appliance over a period of time, and determining the power used by a light bulb at a different voltage. The paragraph also covers the calculation of power across a specific resistance in a given electrical circuit and the conversion of electrical energy into heat with a focus on the time required to heat water. Each problem is solved step by step, demonstrating the application of the formulas for electrical energy and power. The paragraph concludes with a summary of the learnings from the video, encouraging viewers to continue watching for more insights.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Electric Energy
💡Electric Power
💡Voltage
💡Resistance
💡Current
💡Ohm's Law
💡Energy Conversion
💡Electrical Appliance
💡Joule
💡Watt
💡Electrical Circuit
Highlights
Introduction to the concept of electrical energy and its various sources like the sun, wind, and water.
Explanation of how electrical energy powers everyday devices and how it can be transformed into different forms of energy.
Discussion on the mathematical relationship between electrical energy, current, voltage, resistance, and time of use.
Introduction to Ohm's Law and its application in calculating electrical energy.
Definition and calculation of electric power, including its unit of measurement and formula.
Practical examples of how the brightness of a light bulb is influenced by its electrical power.
Explanation of how the power consumption of an electrical device changes when connected to a different voltage source.
Introduction to the concept of energy conversion into heat and the formula used to calculate it.
Explanation of how electricity meters measure household energy consumption and the calculation of electricity costs.
Tutorial on calculating the resistance of an electrical device given its energy output, voltage, and time of use.
Solution to a problem involving the calculation of energy consumption for a device with given power and usage time.
Calculation of the power used by a light bulb when connected to a different voltage source using the power formula.
Tutorial on calculating the power dissipated across a resistor in an electrical circuit given its resistance and total resistance in the circuit.
Explanation of the conversion of electrical energy into heat and the formula used to calculate the time required to heat water.
Calculation of the monthly electricity cost for household lighting based on total power consumption and the electricity tariff.
Summary of the key formulas and concepts learned in the video for calculating electrical energy and power.
Transcripts
Hai Cinta
[Musik]
halo halo teman teman selamat datang
kembali DJ Academy youtube channel
Semoga teman-teman tetap sehat dan terus
semangat ya saat belajar daring seperti
sekarang ini kita lebih banyak berada di
ruangan tertutup dan menggunakan AC kita
juga sering berkumpul di ruangan
keluarga menonton televisi dan
menggunakan kipas angin di malam hari
kita menyalakan lampu kamar sambil
santai memainkan handphone nah semua
kegiatan sehari-hari kita tadi banyak
memanfaatkan energi listrik tahukah
teman-teman Apa itu energi listrik dari
mana energi listrik tersebut berasal
serta apa saja yang mempengaruhi
besarnya energi listrik biar nggak
bingung lagi tonton videonya sampai
selesai
Hai jadi di video kali ini kita akan
belajar energi dan daya listrik Nah
teman-teman energi listrik dihasilkan
dari beragam sumber seperti matahari
angin air dan masih banyak lagi sumber
energi listrik lainnya energi listrik
tersebut dibutuhkan untuk memfungsikan
peralatan-peralatan listrik beberapa
peralatan yang kita manfaatkan tadi
merupakan hasil dari perubahan energi
listrik Yap energi listrik dapat diubah
menjadi energi lain contohnya perubahan
energi listrik menjadi gerak pada kipas
angin listrik menjadi bunyi dan cahaya
pada televisi listrik menjadi panas saat
kita menggunakan setrika dan masih
banyak contoh perubahan energi listrik
yang lain teman-teman pasti bisa
Sebutkan contoh lainnya ya Nah besarnya
energi listrik pada sebuah alat listrik
dipengaruhi oleh arus listrik beda
potensial hambatan dan waktu penggunaan
alat tersebut secara matematis energi
listrik dihitung dengan rumus w = v * *
t di video sebelumnya tentang rangkaian
arus searah kita udah bahas hukum Om
bagi yang belum nonton jangan lupa cek
video sebelumnya ya biar lebih paham
berdasarkan hukum Om v = i * r sehingga
Jika nilai V Kita substitusikan ke
persamaan w = v kali Ika Lite maka kita
peroleh persamaan energi listrik yang
lain yaitu w = x kuadrat kali er k-lite
hukum Om untuk menghitung kuat arus
sama dengan vpr sehingga W juga = v
kuadrat per er k-lite dengan W adalah
besarnya energi listrik dalam Joule V
tegangan listrik satuannya volt yg kuat
arus listrik dalam ampere er hambatan
dalam satuan Om Dante waktu satuannya
sekon Oke teman-teman bisa dimengerti ya
Pernahkah teman-teman memperhatikan dua
bola lampu yang sedang menyala mungkin
kita akan melihat intensitas terang yang
berbeda dari setiap lampu yang kita
amati tahukah teman-teman terang atau
redupnya bola lampu tersebut dipengaruhi
oleh daya listrik dimana semakin besar
daya listrik sebuah lampu maka nyala
lampu tersebut semakin terang dan
sebaliknya Jadi daya listrik
didefinisikan sebagai
energi listrik yang mengalir tiap satuan
waktu secara matematis daya listrik
dirumuskan dengan P = wpt bersamaan ini
juga bisa kita ganti dengan
mensubstitusikan persamaan energi
sehingga P juga = V kali atau p = x
kuadrat kali r&p sama juga dengan v
kuadrat per R dengan P merupakan daya
listrik satuannya watt W adalah besarnya
energi listrik dalam Joule V tegangan
listrik dalam satuan volt yg kuat arus
listrik dalam ampere er hambatan dalam
satuan Om Dante waktu satuannya sekon
jika sebuah alat listrik yang memiliki
spesifikasi tertentu dimana daya dan
tegangan tertulis pada alat P1 V1
Hai dihubungkan dengan sumber tegangan
tertentu atau V2 maka daya yang
digunakan alat tersebut adalah V2 nilai
kedua daya alat ini bisa kita bandingkan
sehingga V2 bisa kita hitung dengan
rumus V2 = V2 Pro V1 dikuadratkan kali
P1 dengan V1 tegangan yang tertulis pada
alat V2 tegangan sumber keduanya dalam
satuan volt B1 daya yang tertulis pada
alat dan V2 daya yang digunakan
satuannya what saat menggunakan beberapa
peralatan listrik seperti teko listrik
setrika atau kompor listrik terjadi
perubahan energi listrik menjadi panas
atau kalor pada peralatan-peralatan
listrik yang mengubah energi listrik
menjadi kalor berlaku persamaan
persamaan berikut dengan m massa
kg c adalah kalor jenis zat satuannya
joule per kilogram derajat Celcius dan
Delta t yang besarnya T2 kurang T1
merupakan perubahan suhu dalam satuan
derajat Celcius nah kegiatan sehari-hari
kita banyak mengatkan energi listrik
sehingga untuk mengukur penggunaan
energi listrik rumah tangga pada setiap
rumah dipasang alat ukur yang disebut
KWH meter 1 KWH = 1kw dikali satu jam =
3,6 juta Jul lalu besarnya biaya listrik
rumah tangga dihitung dengan menggunakan
rumus biaya = W * tarif per KWH dengan W
adalah energi listrik Oke teman-teman
sampai di sini bisa dipahami ya agar
teman-teman semakin paham
ayo kita selesaikan contoh soal berikut
soal pertama Diketahui sebuah alat
pemanas air digunakan selama satu sekon
energi yang dihasilkan alat 500 Joule
dan tegangannya 50volt yang ditanya
hambatan listrik pada alat berdasarkan
besaran yang diketahui hambatan pada
alat dapat kita hitung dengan rumus w =
p kuadrat per er k-lite masukkan
angkanya 500 sama dengan 50 kuadrat per
er kali satu selesaikan perhitungannya
hingga diperoleh R = 5 Om jadi jawaban
yang benar di soal kedua diketahui daya
listrik 350watt waktu penggunaan status
jam = 3600 sekon kita diminta menentukan
besarnya energi listrik yang terpakai
energi dihitung
dengan rumus w = p * t = 350 kali 3600 =
[Musik]
1260636 hui sebuah lampu dengan
spesifikasi V1 220volt dan P1 100 watt
dipasang pada tegangan V2 110volt yang
ditanya daya yang digunakan lampu atau
V2 besarnya P2 dapat ditentukan dengan
rumus V2 Pro V1 dikuadratkan kali P1 =
110° us 20 dikuadratkan kali 100
Sederhanakan angkanya V2 = 1/2
dikuadratkan kali 100 = 1/4 kali 100 V2
= 20
kuat Jawabannya d soal selanjutnya
diberikan gambar sebuah rangkaian
listrik dan diketahui r18 oem er 2 24
mr362 m&v 12 volt kita diminta
menentukan daya pada hambatan 6 Ohm atau
P3 untuk menghitung P3 kita gunakan
rumus P3 = x kuadrat kali er Nah untuk
menentukan P3 kita harus menentukan kuat
arus listrik dan hambatan total terlebih
dahulu setelah diperoleh er total 12ohm
hitung kuat arus listrik dengan rumus ih
= V PR = 12 volt per-12 Ohm = 1 ampere
P3 = x kuadrat kali r = 1 kuadrat kali
12 = 12 What jawaban yang benar
ke soal berikutnya tentang konversi
energi listrik menjadi kalor diketahui
hambatan pada alat 12 Ohm beda potensial
120 volt masa air 40 Kg kalor jenis air
4200 joule per kilogram derajat Celcius
Suhu awal 15° Celcius dan suhu akhir 80°
Celcius yang ditanya lama penggunaan
alat untuk memanaskan air tersebut atau
t kita gunakan rumus v kuadrat per er
kali t = m * deltate kemudian masukkan
angka yang diketahui lalu selesaikan
perhitungannya hingga diperoleh t = 9100
sekon = 2,5 jam Jawabannya d soal
terakhir diketahui penggunaan lampu
rumah tangga 4 lampu
10 watt 2 lampu 10 watt dan 3 lampu
40watt daya total penggunaan lampu pada
rumah tersebut sebesar 220wat digunakan
lima jam setiap hari atau 150 jam selama
satu bulan atau 30 hari tarif listrik
per KWH Rp500 kita diminta menentukan
biaya penggunaan lampu tersebut selama
satu bulan untuk menghitung biaya
penggunaan kita gunakan persamaan biaya
sama dengan energi total dikali tarif
per KWH dan energi total yang digunakan
selama satu bulan adalah w = p * t =
220wat kali 150 jam = Rp33.000 jam
jadikan ke KWH = 33 KWH lalu kita
masukkan angkanya 33 KWH chalil
Rp200 per KWH = 16500 rupiah Jawabannya
d Oke teman-teman di video kali ini kita
udah belajar persamaan-persamaan yang
digunakan untuk menghitung energi
listrik dan daya listrik bisa dimengerti
ya Nah sampai di sini pembahasan kita
tentang energi dan daya listrik Jangan
lupa tonton terus video-video terbaru di
channel kita ya sampai jumpa di video
berikutnya
[Musik]
Hi Ho
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