Steam power plant. Steam propulsion ships

Summary

In this educational video, John, a former U.S. Navy officer and engineer turned math teacher, explores the fascinating world of steam cycles on ships. He explains the process of how ships are propelled by steam, detailing the journey from boiler to turbine and back to condenser. The video serves as a basic introduction to the engineering principles behind maritime steam power, emphasizing the importance of treated water to prevent rust and the efficiency of the closed-loop system. John's real-world experience and passion for both engineering and mathematics make this an engaging and informative watch for anyone curious about the inner workings of ships and power plants.

Takeaways

• 🚢 The video discusses the basic steam cycle used on board ships, with a focus on how ships are propelled through water.
• 🔍 The presenter, John, has a background as a U.S. Navy officer and engineer, providing a unique perspective on the topic.
• 🌐 The principles explained in the video apply not only to maritime technology but also to basic power plants that produce electricity on land.
• 🔥 The steam cycle begins with a boiler, which functions similarly to a large pot of water being heated on a stove, producing steam.
• 💧 The process involves heating water to create steam, which is then used to drive turbines, and the cycle is repeated by converting the steam back into water.
• 🔧 Steam is incredibly powerful, and the video emphasizes the importance of safety measures when operating steam-powered systems.
• ♻️ The video explains the importance of recapturing and reusing the water used in the steam cycle due to its chemical treatment, which prevents rust and damage to the boiler.
• 🌡️ The steam produced is initially saturated or wet, and it is further heated to become superheated or dry steam, which is safer and more efficient for use in turbines.
• 🌀 The steam passes through high-pressure and low-pressure turbines, with the exhaust from the low-pressure turbines being condensed back into water.
• 🔩 The main reduction gear, likened to a transmission, is used to reduce the speed of the turbine rotation to a level suitable for turning the ship's propeller.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of the video presented by John from Taba class math?

The primary focus of the video is to explain the basic steam cycle used on board ships, particularly in the context of U.S. Navy vessels.

Why does John, a math teacher, discuss steam cycles on ships?

John discusses steam cycles on ships because he has a background as a U.S. Navy officer and engineer, where he applied his math and engineering skills, and he finds the topic enjoyable and relevant to his educational content.

What percentage of ships at sea might be propelled by steam according to John's estimate?

John estimates that about 50% of the ships at sea might be propelled by steam.

What are the different types of power plants John mentions as alternatives to steam on ships?

John mentions diesel engines and gas turbines as alternatives to steam power plants on ships, comparing diesel engines to those in large trucks and gas turbines to jet engines.

How does John describe the power of steam in the context of ship propulsion?

John describes the power of steam as massive and dangerous, emphasizing its potential to move large ships through the water at significant speeds.

What is the purpose of piping steam back through the boiler after it has been generated?

The purpose of piping steam back through the boiler is to superheat it, which involves removing any remaining water to create dry steam, enhancing its power for propulsion.

Why is it critical to remove moisture from the steam before it enters the turbine?

Removing moisture from the steam is critical because water droplets can damage the turbine blades, potentially causing serious mechanical failure and dangerous situations.

What is the role of the condenser in the steam cycle process on a ship?

The condenser's role is to cool down the steam back into water, or condensate, after it has passed through the turbines, allowing for the water to be reused in the steam generation process.

Why is chemically treated water necessary in the boiler of a steam-powered ship?

Chemically treated water is necessary to prevent rust and oxidation in the boiler, which would otherwise damage the equipment and could lead to catastrophic failures.

How does the de-rating feature in the DFT (de-rating feed tank) contribute to the steam cycle process?

The de-rating feature in the DFT contributes to the steam cycle by removing oxygen from the condensate, which is a major cause of rust and boiler damage, ensuring the water is suitable for reuse in the boiler.

Outlines

00:00

🚢 Introduction to Basic Steam Cycle on Ships

John, a former U.S. Navy officer and engineer, introduces the topic of the basic steam cycle used on ships. He explains the relevance of his math and engineering background to understanding these systems and how they are not only used on ships but also in power plants for electricity generation. John aims to provide viewers with a basic understanding of the steam cycle systems that propel large ships through water, highlighting the efficiency and power behind these mechanisms.

05:03

🔥 The Power of Steam and Boilers

The paragraph delves into the power of steam as a driving force, using the analogy of a boiling pot on a stove. It discusses the size and scale of shipboard boilers, which are massive and capable of producing steam at high pressures. John emphasizes the potential danger of steam and the importance of safety measures when operating such powerful machinery. The boiler's function is described, including the water drums and tubes that heat the water to produce steam, with the heat source being燃油, such as diesel or jet fuel.

10:05

🌀 Transforming Water into Superheated Steam

This section explains the process of turning water into superheated steam, which is essential for the steam cycle. After the initial production of wet steam in the boiler, the steam is passed through the boiler again to remove any remaining water, resulting in superheated or dry steam. This steam is at a high pressure, around 700 psi, and is ready to be used to drive the turbines. The importance of removing moisture from the steam to prevent damage to the turbines is also highlighted.

15:05

💧 The Steam Cycle: Turbines and Reducing Speed

The paragraph describes how the superheated steam is used to drive high-pressure turbines, which spin at extremely high speeds. The exhaust steam from these turbines is then used to drive low-pressure turbines, further capturing the energy before the steam's energy is spent. The main reduction gear, likened to a transmission, is introduced to reduce the speed of the turbines to a level suitable for turning the ship's propeller. The paragraph also touches on the potential damage to turbines from water droplets and the need for dry steam.

20:06

🔁 Completing the Steam Cycle: Condensation and Reuse

The final part of the steam cycle is discussed, where the exhausted steam from the low-pressure turbines is converted back into water in a condenser. The condenser uses seawater to cool the steam, turning it into condensate. The importance of using chemically treated water to prevent rust and damage to the boiler is emphasized. The condensate is then pumped through a de-rating feat tank to remove oxygen and treated with chemicals before being sent back to the boiler to start the cycle anew.

25:07

🔚 Wrapping Up and Inviting Further Learning

John concludes the video by summarizing the basic steam cycle and its applications both at sea and onshore in power plants. He invites viewers to explore more about the topic and to consider the efficiency and power of these systems. He also promotes his website, tabletclass.com, for those interested in learning mathematics and hints at the possibility of more non-mathematical videos in the future. The call to action includes subscribing to his YouTube channel for more content.

Keywords

💡Steam Cycle

A steam cycle is a thermodynamic process that involves the heating of water to produce steam, which is then used to perform work, such as turning a turbine. In the context of the video, the steam cycle is fundamental to understanding how ships are propelled through the water. The script describes the process of heating water in a boiler to create steam, which is then used to drive turbines that power the ship's propeller.

💡Boiler

A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluids are heated to produce steam. In the video script, the boiler is likened to a large pot of water on a stove, where heat is applied to turn water into steam. It's a critical component in the steam cycle on ships, as it generates the steam needed to drive the propulsion system.

💡Superheated Steam

Superheated steam is steam that has been heated to a temperature above its saturation point, thus removing any remaining water content. The video emphasizes the importance of superheated steam in the process, as it is the form of steam that is used to drive the turbines. The script mentions piping the steam back through the boiler to achieve this state, which is essential for efficient energy transfer and to prevent damage to the turbines from water droplets.

💡Turbine

A turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. In the script, turbines are described as a series of fan blades that the steam flows over, causing them to spin and thus turning the shaft connected to the propeller. The video explains the use of both high-pressure and low-pressure turbines to maximize the energy extracted from the steam.

💡Main Reduction Gear

The main reduction gear, or reduction gear, is a gearbox used to reduce the speed of the input shaft to the desired speed of the output shaft. In the context of the video, it is used to slow down the high-speed rotation from the turbines to a speed suitable for turning the ship's propeller. The script mentions that the turbines can rotate extremely fast, and the reduction gear is necessary to match this to the slower speed of the propeller.

💡Condenser

A condenser is a device or unit used to condense a gas by cooling it. In the video script, the condenser's role is to cool down the steam after it has passed through the turbines, converting it back into water, or condensate. This is part of the closed-loop steam cycle, allowing for the reuse of water and making the process more efficient.

💡Chemically Treated Water

Chemically treated water is water that has additives to prevent issues such as rust and scale buildup. The script explains that using chemically treated water in the boiler is crucial to prevent rusting and damage to the system. Untreated water, such as seawater, would cause rapid oxidation and failure of the boiler components due to the high pressures and temperatures involved in the steam cycle.

💡Deaerator (DFT)

A deaerator, or de-rating feat tang as mentioned in the script, is a device for removing dissolved oxygen and other gases from water in a steam cycle. The script describes the deaerator as a tank where condensate is splashed to release and remove dissolved gases, particularly oxygen, which can cause corrosion in the boiler. This process is essential for maintaining the integrity of the water and equipment in the steam cycle.

💡Feed Water

Feed water is the water that is fed into a boiler as part of a steam cycle. The script discusses how the condensate from the condenser is treated and adjusted in the deaerator before being sent back to the boiler as feed water. This treated water is essential for the efficient operation of the steam cycle and to prevent issues such as rust and scale buildup.

💡Propeller

A propeller is a type of fan or rotor that is used to convert rotational motion into thrust by imparting momentum to a working fluid, such as water. In the video, the propeller is the final component that the steam cycle's energy is used to turn, propelling the ship through the water. The script explains that the reduction gear is used to slow down the rotation from the turbines to a speed suitable for the propeller.

Highlights

Introduction to the basic steam cycle used on board ships

Relevance of math and engineering in understanding steam cycles

Estimation that about 50% of ships at sea are propelled by steam

Explanation of diesel engines as an alternative to steam propulsion

Description of gas turbine engines used in some ships

Overview of the steam cycle process starting with the boiler

Importance of superheated steam in the steam cycle

Safety considerations when operating steam-powered ships

Use of marine fuel to produce heat for the boiler

Conversion of water to saturated steam in the boiler

Process of superheating steam to remove moisture

Function of high-pressure turbines in the steam cycle

Role of low-pressure turbines in capturing remaining steam energy

Necessity of using chemically treated water to prevent rust in boilers

Description of the condenser's role in converting steam back to water

Importance of the de-rating feat tank in preparing feed water for the boiler

Completion of the steam cycle with the main feed pump

Efficiency of the basic steam cycle in maritime and onshore power plants

Invitation to learn more about mathematics with the presenter's online courses

Transcripts

hello this is John from Taba class math

and in this particular video we're gonna

look at the basic steam cycle on board

ships so you first might be wondering

well why is this math guy talking about

steam cycles on board ships so good

question well in a former life I

actually was a u.s. Navy officer and

engineer on one of these ships and we're

really gonna be a chance to use my math

degree and you know that kind of

analytical skills are developed in

mathematics and engineering field so

that carried me forward when I left the

service actually went into chemical

engineering so it's a really enjoyable

topic I just like engineering electric

so you know chances are if you're

interested in math you like engineering

in the course of an engineer you likely

enjoy math but the goal of this video is

to give you know anybody who's

interested of real basic appreciation of

the systems involved to actually prepare

propel a ship like this for example

through the water and that's pretty

amazing when you think about it

so anyways we'll talk about that more in

a second but first of all let's just

talk about ships in general ok and by

the way before we get going what I'm

going to talk about in terms of the

engineering here applies much more than

just shipboard technology a lot of what

we're talking about is how basic power

plants run to produce electricity you

know you know in your local state or

community as well so hopefully if you

got a few minutes you're gonna

definitely learn something if you have

no clue on how these things work so I'm

gonna keep it simple but just

interesting enough where you walk away

with some good knowledge all right so

let's go ahead and start here so let's

take a look at this ship this is a US

Navy and Phoebus ship now this

particular ship is propelled by a steam

plan ok now not all ships run on steam

and I don't know what the particular

breakdown is but oh I probably venture

to guess that all the ships out at sea

maybe like 50 percent I could be totally

wrong here but I don't think I'm that

far off

maybe like say 50% are propelled by

steam so that leads us to the next

question well if they're not run off a

steam plant

you know these ships don't go through

the water via a steam plant well how

else do they work and I would say the

breakdown and I'm just kind of making

these numbers up per se but let's just

kind of do it this way 25 percent 25

percent and this might be off as well

but yeah I don't think these numbers are

too dramatically off but anyway so let's

get to it so that's a maybe half the

vessels out there or operate on steam

the other half is composed of diesel

okay diesel engines just like a big Mack

truck running big huge and gigantic

diesel engines and then the other

portion would be gas turbine and that's

basically like a jet engine you know

things that make your 747s go they

pretty much take a couple of those

engines right off you've got to think of

the right off the wing of an airliner

and stick them in a ship and pretty much

that is the main power plant source so

this is clearly an oversimplification

for those you out there that are

directly in the field or you know are

experts in this you know because of your

background but for those of you have no

clue about this stuff this will give you

a pretty good idea so that's pretty much

it and then you know I'm sure there's

other powerplant source of course we

have a wind out there when we talk about

us sailboats but anyways these large

huge vessels you know you're talking you

know maybe like 30,000 tons you know

moving through the water that's that's a

pretty massive feat you know to be able

to have the power to push something like

this around and maybe say 20 knots which

is pretty good and it's little bit over

20 miles an hour so let's go ahead and

talk about this now how does this work

so I'm gonna focus just on the steam

cycle and and here we go

so this is the steam cycle and I'm gonna

walk you through it step-by-step okay

and it's take a few minutes but once we

get done with this I think you have a

real appreciate

how basic steam plant works okay all

right so let's go ahead and start here

with the boiler all right so just think

of a pot of water on your stove alright

or a boiler that produces heat for your

house you know essentially what we're

doing is taking water and we're heating

it up okay that's what we're doing so

this box here with the two round circles

inside its gonna represent our boiler so

all these other little lines and

schematics just kind of ignore all that

for now now let's just focus on the

boiler so essentially kind of think of

it as a big pot of water that we're

heating up right now we're going to

produce what's steam

okay steam is going to be our source of

power now for those of you who really

want to get an appreciation of steam

I'll tell you I just can't stress this

enough of how powerful steam is just go

ahead and you know well I'm not

recommending this but I'm sure everybody

probably has an experience of having a

some water or something else boiling on

the stove with the with the cap you know

or the lid on top of the water and let's

kind of scope here right so you have

your little lid and here your your

little fires going away now steam

starting to come up right and you lift

that lid up and steam comes out and it's

hot and I mean it really wants to go

steam is massively massively power so

you think about the kind of energy

that's being produced with these boilers

and by the way these borders that we're

talking about we're talking like

two-story maybe even sometimes larger

sized boilers like so like here's a

person in relationship to the size

deployer we're talking pretty big

massive boilers so that's the kind of

power that we need to produce to to move

you know twenty thirty thousand tons you

know through the water at at 20 miles an

hour plus so anyways so steam big-time

powerful and along with that extremely

extremely dangerous and I don't want to

kind of go you know take too many

tangents here in this basic lesson but

it's real serious safety business when

you're operating one of these plants

for those you out there who've been

there done that you've worked in power

plants especially steam plants I'm sure

you have all kinds of stories to tell

about you know when things go wrong you

know bad things happen for sure so

anyways so that's steamed okay and the

appreciation for it but it's kind of get

into the the boiler here a bit so you

can see here I'm representing it

representing the boiler by two circles

okay

and essentially maritime borders this is

different types but this is a kind of a

common type they just basically have

water in two drums and okay this is

actually called the water drum down here

and and then these lines represent tubes

that kind of go up from this big drum

okay and kind of think of me as by even

about this size and this is you know for

you out there who have actually done

this like I said this is totally off

this is really oversimplified but just

think of it this is a big cylinder big

big water drum that's what it's called

and these water tubes are connect up

here and there just to band the water

essentially fills up to another big drum

and this is called the steam drum this

drum here okay so you have water you

know if you can think of it that you

fill it up water and it's kind of like

floated down through here fill this up

that's pretty much what we got now this

is kind of our setup of our boiler now

the orange and the red here represents

you know fire heat everyone want to call

it and that's produced on board Navy

ships now I'm gonna speak about the Navy

and I'm sure it's pretty much the same

way now they use a different combination

of things they use like say jet fuel DFM

diesel fuel marine they can even use jp5

or like what's that was like jet fuel

that's not so common you're gonna use

some sort of marine fuel and I don't

want to go too much into the boiler but

essentially that fuel gets atomized okay

I kind of think if it gets sprayed in to

the boiler and there's a heat source and

that fires just kind of gets going I

mean think of it as a massive furnace

that that's producing you know

just intense intense heat so that's

pretty much how we fuel the fire for the

boiler so we're using some sort of

diesel fuel marine type of thing now

back in the good old days I'm probably

talking I don't know 4050 years ago they

would use oil okay

and I think they call a black oil and

I'm sure some of you here that really

know this stuff please comment on a

YouTube video I'd love to get your

feedback on on your experiences but they

would use this other oil black oil for

example and you know you would really

create a lot of sittin you'd see these

ships and kind of go to my ship here

they would be like just bellowing Pig

you know black smoke you know and you

you see those older movies like the

Titanic and stuff you see just you know

tons of black smoke that's the fuel they

were using and you know as we've gotten

more efficient you know you just won't

see that so much all right so here's our

border it's our heat source right we're

spraying in some sort of diesel fuel

marine we're kind of atomizing it kind

of like spraying it like a spray can and

it's burning just nice and toasty here

we have our water and these tubes okay

right here are getting hot obviously

right and it's creating steam okay so

our steam is kind of like bubbling up

through these tubes and eventually it's

gonna escape peer and our steam drum

alright so this is where we're gonna

kind of continue this process forward so

now that we got steam here I'll put it

right here steam okay this is I mean

this is very very powerful steam at this

stage the game and it's what we call a

saturated steam okay or wet steam okay

so the steam is coming out and no it's

all dependent on your boiler types but

you could be coming out of the boiler

yeah let's say it may be 700 psi okay

and it could be a little bit off but but

my memory serves you're correct this is

pretty pretty close to what it could be

that's just ridiculously powerful and

dangerous stuff so there's all kinds of

safety devices on on boilers

relief valves etc so you know we don't

blow the boiler up and everybody you

know uh you know anywhere near it as

well but this particular steam it's not

the steam that we're gonna use in our

engine yet because it's saturated steam

in other words if you you know of course

when you feel steam you know if you

microwave some water and you put your

hand over you feel steam coming up but

you also have that condensation or the

wetness to it so what we want to do is

get all the water out of the steam least

the best we can and I'll tell you the

reason why in a second so anyways we're

gonna take this steam and we're gonna

here kind of follow my you see if I can

use a different color

so we're gonna follow take the steam

okay it's out of the steam drum now

we're going what we're gonna do is we're

going to take that pipe if you will and

we're gonna pipe it back through the

boiler again now why did we do that well

we're kind of heating up the steam and

the reason we're doing that is to get

any last little bit of water out of the

way okay we want to make this team as

waterless you know if you will because

and by the way at this point of the game

unless we have the steam went through

the boiler or and I'm gonna talk about

the the water tubes here I'm talking

about the heat source

what we have is superheated steam okay

and that's that's serious business there

okay so now we have our superheated

steam which we would call for lack of

better terms dry steam okay and now that

is our punch this is the power right so

here this superheated steam this is huge

power that we just created and now we're

gonna do something with it and that's

the whole idea so this is kind of a the

steam generator if you will and we

generated this superheated steam now

what we're gonna do and now remember I'm

talking about a basic steam cycle on

board ships but this would be applicable

to even a power plant out at sea the

whole idea or city a power plant on on

land the whole endgame here is to turn a

shaft now here's my shaft here and

that's on my little representation of a

propeller you know pushing the ship

through the ocean but this shaft here

could be turning a generator and that's

basically what happens on land when

you're you're you know um you know

creating electricity okay so that's the

end game to make something turn okay our

shaft is going to turn either a

generator or turn a propeller or

whatever you want it to turn so how does

this work well now that we have our

superheated steam what we're gonna first

do is put it through a high-pressure

turbine so you can see here I have

turbines and this and this represent our

turbines and turbines now you kind of

think of this as a jet engine

essentially and that's what it is it's a

series of fan blades and once again

total over simplification but but close

enough to what really happens to give

you an idea so here's like these fan

blades you got this

superheated high-pressure steam that's

going to come through and it's gonna you

know go into this chamber kind of just

think of it almost like a jet engine if

you will and it's kind of turn that jet

engine it's gonna spin it around or turn

the fan blades mechanism and it's going

to you know spin spin spin now what it's

doing is spinning the shaft and I'll

talk about this in a second and that's

connected to this MRG at some

transmission if you will but just will

hold that thought for a second so once

we've put this superheated steam

high-pressure steam through this

high-pressure turbine now you know the

steam you know has spun this thing but

it's kind of like okay you know think of

I'm kind of like talking like if I was

steam for a second I'm like all right

well I've turned you so I'm a little

less powerful I'm a little less tired or

I'm tired you know tired or well that's

a little power because I just got done

turning these big fan blades but it's

still pretty seriously powerful okay so

what we're gonna do is we're gonna

continue to capture the steam energy

okay we still have a tremendous amount

of energy to capture and we're going to

use is this exhaust if you will off the

high pressure turbines and we're going

to

and another set of blades okay this is

our low-pressure turbine okay so we're

going to be capturing two turbines and a

low pressure turbines shaft here it's

also connected to the main reduction

gear now the main reduction gear is

essentially the transmission if you will

okay and I don't want to get too far

into exist videos will take a long time

but it's just a bunch of gears just like

a transmission you get a couple pinions

here that are just turning spinning this

whole thing and you know you're taking

really super fast turning mechanisms you

know I put rpm here these things I don't

even want to guess how fast they're

attorney but they're turning extremely

fast and the whole idea is you got to

take that and you got to reduce that

speed down step it down until you can

turn a shaft okay and our propeller to

the ocean trust me a ship's propeller is

definitely not turning you know 6,000

rpm these are these big huge ships

they're probably going and oh I don't

know maybe no no probably a hundred

fifty two hundred something like that I

could be off but I think that's probably

pretty much in in terms o of course it

depends on what speed you want the ship

to go but you can get the kind of idea

let's say it's a couple hundred rpm it's

definitely not thousands of RPM a second

all right so let's let's just kind of

like stop here and quickly review so we

got our boiler our steam generator right

so we're taking this water we're

creating first saturated in or wet steam

we're taking our steam or piping it back

through our boiler to get all the water

out to make it super heated steam we're

gonna pipe it through our turbines now a

little bit about the the wet steam now

the reason why I said it's you know it's

really critical that we get any moisture

out is when the energy here that we're

gonna introduce into this high-pressure

turbine okay and there are both of these

turbines if by any chance you get a

little water droplet and then we just

draw some water droplets like this okay

at the power that we're talking about

these little tiny droplets can actually

act as almost like grenade sort of like

rocks that we would throw in and it

wouldn't knock off these these bamboo

lates that's bad bad bad okay they can

actually you know damage the turban and

actually just you know ruin the whole

thing and actually have an explosion if

you will because these fan blades would

just get destroyed it's almost like um

maybe this is not the perfect analogy

but it's like when airplanes fly and

they get what they call bird strike like

a bird will go through the engine okay

and it will damage you know actually

shut the engine down kind of the same

idea with the saturation you go in there

and you're really risking you know

messing everything up and causing a

dangerous situation so that's why we

really need this super heated dry steam

alright so here at this point of the

game we have our steam and what through

high pressure turbines were capturing

the exhaust of that through low pressure

turbines we're reducing the speed of

those turbines down through a

transmission if you will call the main

reduction gears and then we're turning

our shaft to suspend a propeller in the

water alright so this is um this is kind

of the first half of the game okay now

what we are going to talk about is the

second half then with a remember this is

called the basic steam cycle which means

we're going to kind of have a closed

loop system here so once our exhaust

once we're done with the low-pressure

turbine our steam is pretty much pretty

pretty tired at that point we're saying

okay you got me turning these turbines

and yeah all the energy for the most

part is is you know expelled we used it

up in our turbines in our reduction

gears etc but what we want to do is take

that steam okay at this point this tired

steam and turn it back into water and

repeat the cycle so let's talk about

that

so this steam is going to when it comes

out of the low-pressure turbine we're

gonna put it into another big vessel

okay and these are kind of like

cylinders tanks if you will and this is

called the condenser and it's basically

you know like condensing

let's say take your steam right and put

a cold mirror over it and you'll see

water form right because because it's

condensing we're just taking the steam

cooling it down back into water so

remember we're still talking about h2o

okay you know if we heat it up we get

steam you know if we cool it down we'd

get water right so this is basically

what we're gonna do we're gonna cool

this steam down to get water then the

technical term for this water is called

condensate and so this represents

condensate and I'll talk a little bit

about how we cool this down but one of

the things that you might be asking is

well why are why do we care about you

know capturing this water again why

don't we just have like a you know an

endless water source to fill up this you

know steam drum why don't we just you

know pipe in a way not a water hose but

maybe just take some water from the

ocean and stick it in there and you know

why don't we really care about capturing

the water and using it again well great

question if you were thinking that and

the reason is is this water okay that we

use for our steam process

is you know very dumb here specifically

it's chemically treated water you just

can't use regular water because you can

really really really damage the boiler

okay let's suppose I used um let's say

sea water if you will or or any old just

run-of-the-mill untreated water if you

will in this steam drum process what's

gonna happen is because you're creating

steam you would you would you're gonna

go through what they call oxidation

you're going to rust

you're gonna rust out this boiler in a

matter of hours and actually that's

happened where you know engineers for

one reason or another got lost their way

on to what what the water specs were

specifications for what was going on in

a boiler and you can have oxidation

going on and you can rust out tubes okay

rusting can occur and you we all know

what happens when think about aluminum

or steel when it rust okay way it gets

weak and then eventually have holes

and believe me the last place you want

to have any little pinholes or rusting

or weaknesses is around something with

700 psi steam okay so very very

dangerous so we have to be extremely

cautious on having water such that it's

treated to reduce rusting okay and once

again this is an oversimplification but

I think it catch up so the the gist from

an engineering standpoint okay so that's

why we want to recapture this water

remember be for using chemicals it's

treated so we don't want to just like

continue that on that would be very

expensive and really inefficient so

that's what we have the steam cycle all

right so here's our condenser and we're

gonna take the steam we're gonna cool it

down back into condensate now how do we

do that

now here but essentially we have this

big series of pipes that run through

this vessel okay this vessel we call

condenser and it's basically just a big

tank that we're gonna that fills up take

steam it fills up with water and here we

can use seawater okay because it's not

going to touch the steam it's all it's

gonna be touching is the cold pipe okay

so think of it as a pipe that we run

seawater through and and so here you got

just seawater we dumped it back out at

sea but it's nice cold pipe so when that

steam hits it it turns into condensate

ins that's kind of the conversation so

now we're esteemed now we're back to

condensate we're back to to water kind

of the pre phase before it goes the

boiler so this condensate gets pumped

this is just a condensate pump here it's

low CP so we're gonna pump this

condensate and those some kind of comets

ain't not water and we're gonna pipe it

over to here to the DFT now the DFT is

called the de-rating feat tang so what's

the deal with this well this is kind of

like our feed water alright that we're

going to feed the boiler okay we're

going to come back up here and start the

process again and this is where the chem

the water gets you know tweaked if you

will you know we we're really testing to

make sure that

the water the water before we sent to

the boiler is appropriate but the

de-rating part goes or it's a reference

to taking the air out of it okay and

that's one of the main reasons for the

rusting okay so the DA rating is kind of

like taking the oxygen any oxygen that

we picked up during this process out and

I'm not going to get into it too much

but essentially what happens is this

condensate gets splashes in this tank

here we just push it through as splashes

and we are essentially taking water and

smash into buckets of tank trying to

knock out oxygen molecules and then then

we kind of have a pure form of the

condensate down here and then what we do

we're kind of treating it with chemicals

and getting this water this feed water

just right and then here we have our

main feed pump okay

these are big huge pumps by the way that

come up and take this water and fill our

steam drum Orsini are one of our steam

drum and this is our water they're kind

of like floats down into our water drum

and the process repeats so and this is a

you know extremely efficient process now

you're losing a little bit of water

completely you're not capturing all the

steam 100% back into condensate and back

into water and doing it you're losing a

little bit so you do have to kind of

make up you know add a little bit of

water you know over time but this is the

basic steam cycle now I you know was

talking about this in terms of being out

to sea or a maritime situation but you

know this is pretty much it also on on

onshore okay like a power plan you know

this is pretty much it so in review we

had steam ok steam generator we had our

turbines right knee and the turbines

turned the main reduction gear which

turned our shaft then we use the exhaust

of that steam we finally you know used

all its energy we converted it back into

water or condensate through the

condenser and then we treated that water

where you di rated it in the DFT and

then treated

it along the way and put it back in our

boiler so anyways so that's pretty much

it I can kind of go on and on and on

I'll probably end up starting to tell

you

tons of Navy seas stories about what can

go wrong in these plants are very

interesting to run I'll tell you

something it's um you know I really have

an appreciation of and that's why you

know that's why I made the video so I

can I certainly know those you out there

who've worked in the field you know

especially been out at sea will get a

kick out of this video but those of you

that were just interesting you

definitely learned probably more than

you'll ever need to know about basic

steam cycle anyways listen to go to

leave you with this my my passion out is

mathematics it has been some time so if

you're interested in learning some

mathematics with me you want to come

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videos so if you like this I'm sure I'll

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you might like as well alright and have

a great day