CITING SOURCES | English for Academic and Professional Purposes

Summary

This educational video script focuses on the critical aspects of academic and professional writing, specifically citing sources. It emphasizes the importance of giving credit to original authors to avoid plagiarism and copyright infringement. The script differentiates between in-text and reference citations and introduces various citation styles like APA, MLA, IEEE, AMA, and Chicago, tailored for different disciplines. It provides guidelines on how to cite sources correctly, ensuring academic integrity and proper recognition of intellectual property.

Takeaways

• 📚 Citing sources is crucial in academic and professional writing to avoid plagiarism and to give credit to original authors.
• 🔍 There are two main types of citations: in-text citations, which are embedded within the text, and reference citations, which appear in a list at the end of the document.
• 📈 Proper citation helps readers to verify the information and trace back to the original source, enhancing the credibility of the work.
• 🚫 Plagiarism is a serious offense in academia and includes not only copying but also paraphrasing without proper citation.
• 📝 Copyright infringement occurs when someone uses another's work without permission, which can lead to legal consequences.
• 📑 Different disciplines have their own preferred citation styles, such as APA for social sciences and MLA for humanities.
• 📐 APA style requires in-text citations to include the author's name and year of publication, with page numbers for direct quotes.
• 🎓 MLA style uses an author-page method for in-text citations, with the author's name and page number enclosed in parentheses.
• 🔢 IEEE and AMA styles use numerical citations, with references appearing as numbers in the text and corresponding entries in a reference list.
• ✅ Following the correct citation style is essential for academic integrity and helps to organize research and writing in a standardized way.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of citing sources in academic writing?

The primary purpose of citing sources in academic writing is to give credit to the original author of a work, promote scholarly writing, and help the target audience identify the original source.

Why is it important to avoid plagiarism in academic work?

Avoiding plagiarism is important because it is a serious offense that involves using someone else's ideas, information, concepts, or arguments without proper citation. It is unethical and can lead to severe consequences in the academic community.

What are the different forms of plagiarism mentioned in the script?

The different forms of plagiarism mentioned include not following referencing conventions, changing words to synonyms without giving credit, copying many words or ideas without attribution, paraphrasing without citation, and piecing together sections of others' work without proper acknowledgment.

How does copyright infringement relate to plagiarism?

Copyright infringement is related to plagiarism as it involves the unauthorized use of an author's work, which can lead to legal consequences. It is an offense that occurs when an individual or entity uses copyrighted material without permission, infringing on the author's economic rights.

What are the two forms of citations discussed in the script?

The two forms of citations discussed are in-text citations and reference citations. In-text citations are citations within the body of the text, while reference citations are complete bibliographic entries listed at the end of the paper.

What is the difference between in-text citations and reference citations?

In-text citations are brief citations included within the body of the text that refer to a source, while reference citations are full bibliographic details of the sources listed at the end of the document.

What are some of the widely used style guides for citations?

Some widely used style guides for citations include APA (American Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language Association), IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), AMA (American Medical Association), and Chicago Manual of Style.

For which disciplines are the APA and MLA style guides commonly used?

APA style guide is commonly used in psychology, education, business, economics, and other social sciences, while MLA style guide is used in literature, arts, and humanities.

How should direct quotations be cited according to APA style?

According to APA style, direct quotations should include the author's last name, the year of publication, and the page number enclosed in parentheses. If the quotation is less than 40 words, it should be integrated into the text. For quotations of 40 words or more, they should be formatted as block quotations.

What is the basic format for in-text citations in MLA style?

In MLA style, the basic format for in-text citations is to include the author's last name and the page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence. If there are three or fewer authors, list all names; for more than three authors, use the first author's name followed by 'et al.'