Top 5 CI/CD Interview Q&A | DevOps FAQ |#devopsinterviewquestions | #jenkins |#devops #kubernetes

Summary

In this informative video, the host delves into the top 5 most common CI/CD interview questions and their answers. The discussion covers explaining a current CI/CD setup, handling secrets, deployment strategies including blue-green and canary deployments, and strategies for rollback in case of faults. Additionally, the video touches on Jenkins setup, backup, and scaling, providing insights into the most popular CI tool. The host invites viewers to share other relevant CI/CD interview questions in the comments.

Takeaways

• 🔧 The top 5 most common interview questions about CI/CD are discussed, focusing on setup, tools, and strategies.
• 🛠️ Explaining a current CI/CD setup involves detailing the tools used, such as GitHub and Jenkins, and the stages of the pipeline including build, test, and deployment.
• 🔑 Handling secrets in CI/CD pipelines is crucial and can be managed using platform-specific features or tools like HashiCorp Vault.
• 🚀 Deployment strategies such as Blue-Green and Canary are important for minimizing downtime and risks associated with new releases.
• 🔄 Blue-Green deployment allows for quick rollbacks by shifting traffic between two versions of an application, ensuring reliability.
• 🦀 Canary deployment gradually routes traffic to a new version of an application, allowing for monitoring and adjustments before full deployment.
• ❌ Strategies for dealing with faulty deployments include rollback pipelines and the use of Blue-Green deployment for easy traffic redirection.
• 📈 Jenkins is highlighted as a popular CI tool, with a focus on its setup, backup, and scaling capabilities.
• 🚀 Auto-scaling of Jenkins on cloud platforms like AWS can be managed using EC2 instances and predictive scaling for efficient resource use.
• 🔒 The importance of securing CI/CD pipelines with proper secret management is emphasized, as secrets are integral to modern applications.
• 🔄 The script calls for community engagement by inviting viewers to share additional CI/CD interview questions in the comments section.

Q & A

What are the top 5 most common CI/CD interview questions?

The top 5 CI/CD interview questions include: 1) Explain your current CI/CD setup. 2) How do you handle secrets in your CI/CD pipeline? 3) What is your deployment strategy? 4) How do you handle rollbacks if the deployed application is faulty? 5) How do you set up backup and scaling for Jenkins?

What does CI/CD stand for and why is it important in software development?

CI/CD stands for Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery. It is important in software development as it allows for the automation of building, testing, and deployment processes, enabling teams to deliver code changes more frequently and reliably.

What are some common tools used in CI/CD setups?

Common tools used in CI/CD setups include GitHub for version control, Jenkins for continuous integration, and various cloud services or tools like AWS Systems Manager, Azure Vault, or HashiCorp Vault for managing secrets.

Can you describe the process of a Jenkins CI pipeline with multiple stages?

A Jenkins CI pipeline typically includes multiple stages such as build, where static code analysis and unit testing are performed; test, where further testing like smoke or functional testing is conducted; and deploy, where artifacts are built and deployed to the target environment like a Kubernetes cluster or application servers.

How do you secure secrets in a CI/CD pipeline when using GitHub Actions?

When using GitHub Actions, secrets can be secured by using the built-in secrets feature, which allows you to store and use encrypted secrets within your workflow.

What is Blue-Green deployment and how does it work?

Blue-Green deployment is a strategy where two identical environments (Blue and Green) are maintained. One environment is active while the other is idle. When a new version is ready, it is deployed to the idle environment. If the new version is stable, the load balancer is switched to direct traffic to the new environment, allowing for easy rollback if needed.

What is Canary deployment and how does it differ from Blue-Green deployment?

Canary deployment involves gradually shifting traffic from the old version of an application to a new version by slowly increasing the percentage of traffic directed to the new version. This differs from Blue-Green deployment, which switches traffic all at once after a new version has been fully deployed to the idle environment.

How can you handle a faulty deployment in a CI/CD pipeline?

Handling a faulty deployment can involve using a rollback pipeline or strategy, such as quickly switching traffic back to a previous stable version using Blue-Green deployment, or using load balancers to reroute traffic away from the faulty version.

What are some considerations for Jenkins backup and scaling?

Considerations for Jenkins backup and scaling include regularly backing up the .jenkins folder, using auto-scaling groups in cloud environments to handle variable build loads, and employing predictive scaling to anticipate traffic and adjust resources accordingly.

Why is Jenkins a popular choice for CI/CD tools according to the video?

Jenkins is a popular choice for CI/CD tools because it was chosen by 90% of the respondents in a poll conducted by the video creator on their YouTube channel, indicating its widespread use and preference in the industry.

How can you install Jenkins and what is the importance of understanding its installation process?

Jenkins can be installed using a simple curl command or through Docker. Understanding its installation process is important because it ensures that you can set up a Jenkins environment quickly and efficiently, which is crucial for establishing a CI/CD pipeline.