Binary Codes: Classification of Binary Codes Explained
Summary
TLDRThis video delves into the realm of binary codes, explaining the fundamental concept of representing numbers, letters, and characters using ones and zeros. It categorizes binary codes into numeric and alphanumeric, highlighting ASCII for data transmission. The script explores various numeric codes like BCD, including 8421 and 5421, and touches on negative and non-weighted codes, sequential and cyclic codes, self-complementing codes, and error detection and correction capabilities. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of binary codes and their classifications, with detailed explanations in upcoming videos.
Takeaways
- đ Binary code is a method to represent numbers, letters, or characters using groups of ones and zeros.
- đą Binary codes are categorized into numeric and alphanumeric types, with numeric codes representing numbers and alphanumeric codes representing letters, numbers, and characters.
- đĄ ASCII is a popular alphanumeric code used for data transmission between computers and I/O devices like printers and keyboards.
- đ Numeric codes include various types such as OBCD8421, Grey code, and XS3 code, with the 841 BCD code being the most common.
- đ BCD stands for Binary-Coded Decimal, where each decimal digit is encoded into a group of four binary digits.
- đŁ Weighted codes, like 841, 2421, and 5421, follow the positional weighting principle, where the position of a bit has a specific weight contributing to the decimal equivalent.
- đ Non-weighted codes, such as XS3 and Grey code, do not follow the positional weighting principle and are used for different purposes.
- đ Sequential codes increment by one binary number from the previous code, making them easy to follow in sequence.
- đ Cyclic codes differ from each other by only one bit position, as seen in the Grey code where successive codes have minimal changes.
- đ Self-complementing codes allow for the ninth complement of a number to be found by inverting the bits of its code, as demonstrated by the XS3 code.
- đĄïž Some binary codes have error detection and correction capabilities, such as parity and Hamming codes, which are essential in digital communication to ensure data integrity.
Q & A
What is binary code?
-Binary code is a method of representing numbers, letters, or characters using groups of ones and zeros.
How are binary codes classified?
-Binary codes are classified into two main categories: numeric binary codes and alphanumeric binary codes.
What is an example of an alphanumeric binary code?
-ASCII is a popular example of an alphanumeric binary code, used for transmitting data between computers and IO devices like printers and keyboards.
What does BCD stand for and how does it work?
-BCD stands for Binary Coded Decimal. In BCD, each decimal digit is encoded into a group of four binary digits.
What is the most common type of BCD code?
-The most common type of BCD code is the 8421 BCD code.
What is a weighted code in the context of binary codes?
-A weighted code is a numeric code that obeys the positional weighting principle, where each position in the number has a specific weight contributing to the decimal equivalent.
How are the weights represented in an 8421 BCD code?
-In an 8421 BCD code, the weights of each bit starting from the most significant bit (MSB) are 8, 4, 2, and 1, respectively.
What is a non-weighted code?
-A non-weighted code is a binary code that does not follow the positional weighting principle, such as the XS3 and Gray codes.
What is a sequential code in binary coding?
-A sequential code is a binary code where each code is one binary number greater than the previous code, ensuring a consecutive sequence.
What is the difference between a positive and negative weighted code?
-In a positive weighted code, all weights are positive, while in a negative weighted code, some positions have negative weights, such as in the 8-4-2-1 code.
What is a cyclic code and how does it differ from other binary codes?
-A cyclic code is a binary code where successive codes differ from each other by only one bit position, unlike other codes where the difference can be more than one bit.
What is a self-complementing code and how does it work?
-A self-complementing code is a binary code where the nine's complement of a decimal digit can be obtained by simply inverting the bits (replacing 1s with 0s and vice versa) of the original code.
What is the purpose of error detecting and correcting codes in binary communication?
-Error detecting and correcting codes are used in digital communication to identify and fix errors that may occur during transmission due to external noise or other factors.
Can you provide an example of an error detecting code?
-Parity bit is an example of an error detecting code. It is added to the usual code to help detect errors during transmission.
What is the role of Hamming code in binary communication?
-Hamming code is an example of an error correcting code. It not only detects errors but also corrects them, ensuring the integrity of the transmitted data.
Outlines
đą Introduction to Binary Codes
This paragraph introduces the concept of binary codes, which are methods for representing numbers, letters, or characters using groups of ones and zeros. It explains that various binary codes have evolved over time and are categorized into numeric and alphanumeric types. Numeric codes represent numerical information, while alphanumeric codes like ASCII are used for transmitting data between computers and I/O devices. The paragraph also introduces different types of numeric codes such as BCD, Gray code, and XS-3, which will be discussed in more detail in upcoming videos.
đ Exploring Weighted and Non-Weighted Binary Codes
This paragraph delves into the concept of weighted binary codes, such as BCD 8421, 2421, and 5421, where each digit position has a specific weight. It explains how these weights are used to represent decimal numbers in binary form. For example, in the 8421 BCD code, the digits are weighted 8, 4, 2, and 1, respectively. The paragraph also introduces the idea of negative weighted codes, like 8421, where some positional weights are negative. It concludes by differentiating between weighted and non-weighted codes, with examples like the XS-3 and Gray codes.
đ Sequential and Cyclic Binary Codes
This paragraph discusses sequential and cyclic binary codes. Sequential codes are those where each binary number is one greater than the previous one, with 8421 and XS-3 codes serving as examples. Cyclic codes are introduced next, where successive codes differ by only one bit position, with Gray code highlighted as an example. The paragraph explains that in Gray code, the difference between successive decimal numbers is represented by a single bit change, making it a cyclic code.
đ Self-Complementing and Error-Detecting Codes
This paragraph covers self-complementing codes and error-detecting codes. Self-complementing codes are defined by their ability to generate the ninth complement of a decimal digit by inverting the binary digits (0s to 1s and vice versa). XS-3 and 8421 codes are given as examples. The discussion then shifts to error detection and correction, highlighting the importance of error-detecting codes like parity bits in ensuring data integrity during transmission. The paragraph emphasizes the role of these codes in detecting and correcting errors caused by external noise during digital communication.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄBinary Code
đĄNumeric Binary Code
đĄAlphanumeric Binary Code
đĄBCD Code
đĄWeighted Code
đĄNon-Weighted Code
đĄSequential Code
đĄCyclic Code
đĄSelf-Complementing Code
đĄError Detection and Correction
Highlights
Introduction to binary code as a method of representing numbers, letters, or characters using ones and zeros.
Binary codes have evolved over the years into various types, mainly classified into numeric and alphanumeric categories.
Numeric binary codes represent numbers in a sequence of ones and zeros, while alphanumeric codes represent letters, numbers, and characters.
ASCII is highlighted as a popular alphanumeric code used for data transmission between computers and I/O devices.
Numeric codes include types such as OBCD8421, Grey Code, and XS3, with detailed explanations to follow in subsequent videos.
Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) explained, where each decimal digit is encoded into a group of four binary digits.
841 BCD code is the most common weighted code, with positional weights of 8, 4, 2, and 1.
Weighted codes obey the positional weighting principle, with each bit position having a specific weight.
Non-weighted codes do not follow the positional weighting principle, with examples given as XS3 and Grey Code.
Sequential codes are identified by each binary number being one greater than the previous, exemplified by 8421 and XS3 codes.
Cyclic codes differ from each other by only one bit position, as demonstrated by the Grey Code.
Self-complementing codes allow for the ninth complement of a number to be obtained by inverting the bits of its code.
XS3 and 8-4-2-1 are examples of self-complementing codes, facilitating error detection and correction.
Error detection and correction capabilities of certain binary codes are discussed, with parity and Hamming codes as examples.
A comprehensive classification of binary codes is presented, covering weighted, non-weighted, sequential, cyclic, and self-complementing codes.
Upcoming videos promise a detailed exploration of the mentioned binary codes, enhancing understanding of their applications.
Engagement is encouraged through the comment section for questions and suggestions, fostering a community of learning.
Transcripts
hey friends
welcome to the youtube channel all about
electronics so in this video
and in the next couple of videos we will
learn about the different
binary codes so first let us understand
what is binary code so this binary code
is a way of representing number letters
or characters
using the group of ones and zeros now
there are different ways
this number or letters can be encoded in
the group of ones and
zeros so over the years different binary
codes have been
evolved but we will see some of the
important binary codes
which are commonly used nowadays so
mainly
the binary codes are classified into the
two categories
that is a numeric binary course and the
alphanumeric binary codes
so the binary codes which are used to
represent the numeric information
or the numbers in the sequence of ones
and zeros are called the numeric codes
while the alphanumeric codes represents
the alphanumeric information
like the letters numbers and the
characters
so this ascii is one of the popular
alphanumeric code
and it is primarily used for
transmitting the data between the
computers and the io devices
such as the printer and the keyboard now
if we talk about the numeric codes
then there are various types of numeric
codes like
obcd8421 code a grey code and the xs3
code
so in the next couple of videos we will
learn about all these binary codes in
detail but first let us briefly talk
about this
bcd code so this bcd stands for binary
coded
decimal and in bcd code each decimal
digit
is encoded into the group of four binary
digits
now there are various types of bcd codes
like
8421 2421 5421
etc but the most common one is the 841
bcd code
so in this 841 bcd code this is how
each decimal digit is encoded well how
each digit is encoded
and what is the meaning of this eight
four two one will get clear to you
very shortly but this eight four two one
is the
weighted code so in general these
numeric codes can be classified as
either a weighted code
or the non-weighted code so this bcd8421
2421 and the 5421 are the few examples
of the
weighted code so the weighted codes are
the one
which obeys the positional weighting
principle meaning that
in this weighted course each position in
the number has some
specific weight for example in this
841 bcd code starting from the msb
the weight of each bit is 8 4 2 and the
1
respectively and the summation of all
these weights
represents the equivalent decimal number
for example
if you take the bcd code 0 1 1 1
then there is a 1 in the position of
this 4 2 and the
1 that means all these ones will get
multiplied by the corresponding
weights and if we add all these weights
then that is the decimal equivalent
number
which is represented by this particular
code
similarly if we take the code 1 0 0 1
then there is a 1 in the position of
this 8 and the 1.
so if we do the summation of all these
weights then it is equal to
9 and there is a decimal equivalent
number which is represented by this
particular code
so basically this 8 4 2 and the 1
represents the weight of each position
and this is how
these 0 to 9 are represented in this 8 4
1 code
so similarly these 5421 is another
weighted code where these 5 4 2 and 1
represents the weight of each position
so for example
if you take the code 1001 then in the
position of 5 and 1 there is a
1 so if we add the weights of each digit
then it is equal to 6 that means this is
how
the decimal number 6 is represented in
this 5 4
1 code and this is how all the digits
starting from 0 to 9
are represented in this 5421 code
now if you see this 8421 or this 5421
code
then here all the weights are positive
that means
these weighted codes are the positive
weighted codes
similarly there are some codes where the
weights of some position is
negative so such codes are known as the
negative weighted codes so this eight
four minus two minus one
is the example of the negative weighted
code
so this is how these decimal digits zero
to nine
are represented in this particular code
so if you see the code
of zero 1 1 1 then in the position of
this 4
minus 2 and the minus 1 there is a 1
so if we add all these weights then the
summation
is equal to 1 that means this code
represents the decimal number 1
similarly
if you see the code 1 0 1 0 then there
is a 1 in the position of this 8 and the
minus 2. so if we do the summation then
the summation is equal to
6 that means this is how this decimal
digit 6
is represented in this particular code
so this 8 4 minus 2 minus 1
is one of the negative weighted codes so
in short
these numeric binary codes could be a
weighted code or the
non-weighted code and further this
weighted code
could be a positive weighted code or the
negative weighted code
and these are the few examples of the
weighted code
now those codes who does not obey the
position weighting principle
are called the non-weighted course and
this xs3
and the gray code are the example of
this non-weighted code
then there are some binary codes which
are the sequential code
so in this sequential code if you see
any binary code
then it is one binary number greater
than the previous code
that means in this sequential code
whenever we add
1 to this particular code then we will
get the next code
and the same is applicable to all other
codes
that means this 8421 is one of the
sequential code
similarly this xs3 code is also example
of the
sequential code so if we just add binary
number 3 to this bcd code
then we will get the equivalent xs3 code
and if you see this access 3 code
then it is also sequential code because
in this code also just by adding a 1 to
the particular code
you will get the next code that means
this 841 bcd code
and the xs3 code are the example of this
sequential codes
then there are some binary codes which
are the cyclic codes
so in a cyclic code a successive code
differs from each other
by only one bit position for example
if you see this grey code then the
successive code
differs by only one bit position for
example
if you take this decimal number 3 and 4
then they are differing by a 1 bit
position over
here likewise if you see the code of
number 9
and 10 then they are also differing by 1
bit over
here so this gray code is the example of
the
cyclic code then the next type of binary
code is the
self-complementing code so first of all
let us understand what is this
self-complementing code
so if we consider the decimal digits
then for any decimal digit
n its ninth complement is equal to nine
minus
n right so for example for the decimal
number one
its ninth complement is equal to eight
likewise for the decimal number 6 its
9th complement
is equal to 3 so in this
self-complementing code
if we have a code for some decimal digit
n then in that code
just by replacing the ones by zeros and
the zeros by one
we will get the equivalent nine's
complement of that particular number
so this xs3 code is the example of the
self-complementing code
so we know that the ninth complement of
the number zero
is equal to nine so if you see over here
then just by replacing the zeros by one
and the ones by zeros
we will get the code of nine likewise
the ninth complement of the decimal
digit three is equal to
6 so in the code of 3 if we just replace
the ones by 0s
and the 0s by 1 then we will get the
equivalent code for the decimal digit
6. so this xs3 is the example of this
self-complementing code then this 8 4
minus 2-1
is another example of this
self-complementing code
and these are the few examples of this
self-complementing code
now if we talk about the classification
of this binary codes
and some binary codes have the
capability of error detection as well as
the correction
so let's take the example of this 841
bcd code
now whenever this code is used in the
digital communication
then during the transmission and the
processing it is susceptible to the
external noise so because of the noise
it is quite possible that
the zero in the code can get replaced by
one and likewise
the one can get replaced by the zero and
if such thing happens
then the error will occur during the
detection for example
while transmitting this code 0 1 0 0 if
due to the noise this last 0 gets
replaced to the 1
and at the receiver it will be received
as 5
and hence the error will occur during
the reception of this
particular code so to detect such error
these error detecting codes are used so
just by adding the parity bit along with
this usual code
it is possible to detect the error
similarly
there are some binary codes which can
even correct the
error so this parity and the hamming
codes
are the example of this error detecting
and the error correcting codes
respectively and here is the complete
classification of the
binary course so in the upcoming video
we will go through some of these binary
codes in detail
but i hope in this video you understood
the different types of
binary codes so if you have any question
or suggestion
then do let me know here in the comment
section below if you like this video hit
the like button
and subscribe the channel for more such
videos
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