Leonardo and the Artists: Leadership Lessons | Sandra Comas | TEDxUniversidaddeNavarra

Summary

このビデオスクリプトは、リーダーシップと創造性の深遠な関係を探求しています。レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチやピカソ、そしてジャクソン・ポロックの名画を通じて、視覚芸術がリーダーシップの核心に位置する視点を示します。スクリプトでは、リーダーシップの教訓として、視覚の科学、創造力、信頼、戦略、そして行動の重要性が強調されています。各作品を通じて、リーダーシップの多面性と、個々人が自己を創造し、世界に影響を与える力を探求しています。

Takeaways

• 🎨 レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチは観察の達人であり、視覚に関する知識は歴史上最高のものである。
• 🖼️ モナリザの絵画は16年間かけて描かれ、未完のままである。
• 👀 ダ・ヴィンチは二眼視を研究し、正確な角度を描くことで正しい遠近法を創り出した。
• 🔍 視覚はリーダーシップにおいて重要であり、リーダーは明確なビジョンを持つことが求められる。
• 🎭 セルバンテスの『ドン・キホーテ』は創造力と影響力の例であり、リーダーシップにおいても重要な要素である。
• 🌟 リーダーは変革を導く存在であり、創造性をインスパイアする役割を持つ。
• 🤝 ミケランジェロの絵画に見られる信頼の表現は、リーダーシップにおいても重要な要素である。
• 🗺️ 戦略は不確実な世界における計画であり、リーダーはこの計画を持つ必要がある。
• 🎨 ジャクソン・ポロックのアクション・ペインティングは、リーダーシップにおける行動の重要性を示している。
• 🖌️ 最後に、各自が自分自身を描く絵画であり、自分自身のマスターであることを意識することが大切である。

Q & A

レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチはどのようにして「モナ・リザ」を描いたとされていますか？

レオナルドは16年間かけて「モナ・リザ」を描いたと言われていますが、実際にはこの絵画は未完成とされています。彼は視覚の科学と絵画の科学を研究し、正確な視点の角度を測定して、絵画に正しい遠近法を表現する技術を開発しました。

「モナ・リザ」の目がどのようにして謎めいた存在感を放っているのですか？

レオナルドは人間の両眼が異なる角度から見るという事実を理解し、その角度を正確に表現することで、絵画内で正確な視点を作り出しました。そのため、「モナ・リザ」の目は神秘的で、観る者の動きに応じて動いているかのような印象を与えます。

リーダーシップにおける「ビジョン」とはどのようなものですか？

ビジョンとは、人が1000語や5000語で伝えられないものを、1つのイメージで正確に伝える能力です。レオナルドは絵画を最も高貴で効果的なコミュニケーション手段と見なしていました。

ピカソが描いた「ドン・キホーテとサンチョ・パンサ」の絵画はどのようにして創造性に関連していますか？

ピカソは「ドン・キホーテ」と「サンチョ・パンサ」というキャラクターを驚くべき方法で表現しました。これらのキャラクターは創造された世界を通じて、周りの人々が同じ視点で世界を見るように影響を与えました。これはリーダーの影響力の重要な側面です。

「ドン・キホーテ」物語における創造性とはどのようなものでしょうか？

ドン・キホーテは騎士道小説を読んでおり、それらの物語が彼にとって現実のものとなり、彼自身がその世界で行動する世界を創造しました。これはリーダーの創造性とその影響力を示す例です。

「サレンダーの降伏」という絵画はどのようにしてリーダーシップの失敗について物語っていますか？

「サレンダーの降伏」は戦いの行為ではなく、敗北の行為についての絵画です。リーダーシップにおける失敗を示すだけでなく、大きな失敗を乗り越えれば偉大なリーダーシップの役割を持つ可能性があることを物語っています。

「戦略」とは何であり、不確実性のある世界でどのように役立つか説明してください。

戦略は不確実性のある世界での計画であり、リーダーはそのような計画を持つことが重要です。孫子兵法においても言われているように、戦略の最高の形は戦争を起こすことを許さない形です。

ジャクソン・ポロックの絵画「モザイク」はどのようにしてアクションペインティングに関連していますか？

ジャクソン・ポロックは大きなキャンバスを使って、全体のキャンバス上で全身を使って絵を描きました。これはアクションペインティングの形式であり、彼の作品はエネルギーと活力の瞬間を捉えています。

各人が自身の絵画であるとはどういう意味ですか？

各人は日々自分自身を創造しており、他者や周囲の世界から影響を受ける一方で、自分自身のイメージや影響力を通じて他者や世界に作用しています。これは自己表現と自己管理の概念です。

このスクリプト全体から学べるリーダーシップの教訓は何ですか？

このスクリプトからは、ビジョン、創造性、戦略、そして行動がリーダーシップに欠かせない要素であることが学べます。また、失敗を乗り越えることでリーダーシップの役割を持つことができる可能性があることも示唆されています。

Outlines

00:00

😀 レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチの観察の科学

この段落では、レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチが観察の科学について学び、研究し、理解を深め、人類史上最も偉大な芸術家としての地位を確立したと述べています。彼の有名な絵画「モナ・リザ」についても触れており、彼の作品は完成していないとされることがありますが、彼の絵画は一瞬で何百、何千の言葉を伝えられるという彼の考え方と密接に関係しています。また、彼の科学の研究と観察の重要性を示すために、彼が書いた「絵画の科学に関する論文」についても触れています。

05:01

😎 創造性とリーダーシップの物語

この段落では、創造性とリーダーシップの関係について語られています。ドン・キホーテとサンチョ・パンサという2つの創造的なキャラクターを通じて、彼らがどのように創造されたか、そして彼らがリーダーシップの影響力を示す例としてどのように機能するかが説明されています。ピカソによるこれらのキャラクターの絵画も取り上げられており、彼がどのように彼らを創造的かつ驚くべき方法で表現したかについて触れています。また、リーダーシップにおける創造性と戦略の重要性についても議論されています。

10:04

😢 失敗から学ぶこと

この段落では、リーダーシップにおける失敗とその克服について語られています。スペインの歴史における有名な絵画「ブラーガンザの降伏」を取り上げ、戦争の終わりではなく敗北の瞬間を描いた作品であると説明しています。リーダーシップにおいて、失敗を経験し、それを乗り越えることがどのように重要であるか、そして大きな失敗を経験することはその後のリーダーシップの役割にどのように役立つかについて述べています。

15:04

🏃 アクションとしてのリーダーシップ

最後の段落では、ジャクソン・ポロックの絵画「モザイク」を取り上げ、彼がどのように大きなキャンバスに絵を描き、アクションペインティングの形式を確立したかについて語られています。この絵画は彼の創造性と行動への取り組みを象徴しており、リーダーシップにおける行動の重要性を強調しています。また、各個人が自分自身の絵画であり、日々自己を創造し、周囲に影響を与えていることについても触れています。

Keywords

💡レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチ

レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチは、人類史上最も観察の達人であり、彼の「モナ・リザ」という名画は、彼の観察能力を象徴する。このビデオでは、彼の観察力がどのように芸術作品に反映され、特に「モナ・リザ」の神秘的な視線がどのように彼の科学的な研究と繊細な表現力が結びついているかが強調されています。

💡モナ・リザ

「モナ・リザ」は、レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチの代表作で、このビデオではその神秘的な視線と未完成の美しさについて触れられています。この絵画は、観察の重要性と視覚の科学を示すだけでなく、リーダーシップにおけるビジョンの創造についても物語っています。

💡ビジョン

ビジョンは、ビデオの主題の一つであり、リーダーシップにおける重要な概念です。ビジョンとは、人々が一致し、共通の目標やイメージを持つことができるような正確で明確な画像の創造を指します。レオナルドの「モナ・リザ」における視線は、その一例として挙げられます。

💡創造性

創造性は、ビデオで強調されるもう一つの重要な概念で、リーダーシップに不可欠な要素です。ピカソの「ドン・キホーテ」の絵画分析では、創造性がどのように影響力や変革を通じてリーダーシップを形成するかが示されています。

💡ドン・キホーテ

「ドン・キホーテ」は、ビデオ内で創造性とリーダーシップの影響力を象徴するキャラクターです。この物語は、ドン・キホーテが騎士道小説に影響を受け、現実世界と異なる世界を創造する様子を描いており、それが周りの人々にどのように影響を与えるかを物語っています。

💡信頼

信頼は、リーダーシップにおける基本的な要素であり、ビデオでは特に「創造」の絵画を通じて強調されています。信頼は、人々の間に存在するスペースであり、互いに知り、助け合う関係を築くための基盤とされています。

💡戦略

戦略は、ビデオ内で不確実性を持つ世界での計画を意味し、リーダーシップの重要な側面を表しています。サン・トクサンの「戦術」からの引用を通じて、戦略の重要性と、リーダーが不確実性に対処するための計画を持つことの必要性が語られます。

💡行動

行動は、ビデオの最後の部分で強調されるリーダーシップの要素で、ジャクソン・ポロックの絵画分析を通じて示されています。リーダーシップは、ビジョン、創造性、信頼、戦略だけでなく、実際に行動を起こすことによって実現されます。

💡自己ポートレイト

ビデオの締めくくりでは、各個人が自己ポートレイトであり、日々自分自身を創造しているという考えが示されています。これは、レオナルドの絵画のように、私たちは他者からの影響を受け取り、それらを通じて自分自身を形成し、他者や世界に影響を与えることを意味します。

💡不確実性

不確実性は、ビデオ内で戦略の文脈で触れられており、リーダーシップがどのように不確実な状況に対処し、計画を立てるかを物語っています。サン・トクサンの「戦術」からの引用は、戦争を避け、調和を築くための戦略の重要性を強調しています。

Highlights

Leonardo da Vinci's mastery of observation and the science of sight is highlighted, emphasizing his unparalleled contribution to how we understand vision and painting.

The Mona Lisa, despite being unfinished, exemplifies Leonardo's understanding of perspective and human vision, making her gaze appear to move as viewers move.

Leonardo's Treatise on the Science of Painting demonstrates his discovery of the importance of two-eye vision for creating correct perspective in art.

Leadership is compared to creating a precise image, aligning others with a vision much like viewers align with the gaze of the Mona Lisa.

Don Quixote and Sancho Panza, characters created by Cervantes, are used to illustrate the power of influence and the ability of leaders to transform and inspire others.

Picasso's representation of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza shows how creativity can reshape perceptions, turning ordinary figures into extraordinary ones.

The concept of trust is explored through Michelangelo's painting of the Creation of Adam, highlighting the importance of trust between leaders and their followers.

Leadership involves the capacity to plan for uncertainty, as illustrated by Sun Tzu's Art of War and the painting of the Surrender of Breda, emphasizing strategic foresight.

The painting of the Surrender of Breda represents harmony and humanity in defeat, aligning with Sun Tzu's wisdom that the best strategy avoids war.

Jackson Pollock's creation of 'Mural,' an action painting inspired by Picasso, underscores the importance of action in leadership.

Pollock's innovative use of the floor as an easel for his large-scale painting demonstrates a leader's ability to think creatively and act boldly.

The lecture concludes with a call to consider what kind of 'painting' each person is creating in their own life, emphasizing self-awareness and continuous personal development.

Leonardo's writings reveal his meticulous study of the angles and measurements that create realistic perspectives in art.

The trust depicted between the divine and human figures in Michelangelo's Creation of Adam serves as a metaphor for the trust necessary in effective leadership.

The Surrender of Breda painting is used to illustrate the notion that great leaders learn from their failures and that surviving failure builds resilience.

Jackson Pollock's method of action painting, which uses the whole body, symbolizes the dynamic and immersive nature of effective leadership.

Transcripts

[Music]

[Applause]

the masters of

observation Leonardo da

Vinci learned more studied more knew

more about observation and how we see

than anyone in human history to this day

he may still be the greatest master in

sight let's have a look at one of his

most famous paintings mentioned earlier

today the Mona Lisa one of our

colleagues mentioned that it was 16

years for Leonardo to paint the Mona

Lisa and in

fact the Mona

Lisa is essentially unfinished as are

all the works of Leonardo da Vinci to

the point that was given in the Ted talk

earlier

about the

originals

Leonardo who privileged painting

precisely because it can communicate in

one image in one instant what a person

could not communicate in a hundred words

a thousand words or 5,000 words he

considered it to be the most noble way

to communicate and the most effective

and this as we know is essential for the

future so let's take a few moments to

look at how Mona Lisa is painted why do

we look at her she is inanimate and yet

she is animated we become inanimate as

she gazes upon us how is it that her

gaze is so mysterious and appears to

move as we

move was Leonardo just having a good

day fact is that Leonardo wrote

thousands and thousands of

pages most of which have not survived

but some of which have and we know that

Leonardo had measured and studied the

science of sight the science of painting

in fact he wrote a very very important

discourse called A Treatise on the

science of

painting Leonardo discovered that we

have two eyes not one we are not cycl

Ops and that our eyes see from two

different angles and by measuring these

angles and representing with perfect

Precision these angles that we can

create correct

perspective in

art and this is something that we see in

the monol

Lisa what does this have to do with

leadership we've all heard the word

vision and we hear people talk about it

all the

time but what is Vision if

not the creation of an image that is so

precise that all of us align with it

just as we are always aligned within the

Gaze of Mona Lisa this is leadership

lesson number

one let's go on to another

painting and speak about

creativity donot and Sano pansa two of

the greatest characters ever

created are more famous than their

creator the Spanish philosopher Miguel

de unamuno wrote many many many years

later that he could not understand the

lack of wisdom on the part of santes

that he would create characters who

would become more famous and more

important than Cervantes

himself why is it that this image is so

powerful why is it that when bicasso was

asked to

draw donot and Sano pansa he did it in

the very instant in which he was asked

he was one of those procrastinators in

this respect and yet was also

original what do we see in the painting

about creativity Don Koto in Sansa are

Creations but Don kot

himself had read so many books of

chivalry that they became real to

him and he created a world in which he

acted that caused everyone around him to

see the world in the same way that he

did this is an example of

influence another essential trait of a

leader

additionally we have the creation of

donot of Chang Ing and transforming sop

pansa who could imagine this this poor

fat peasant could become a great

Governor Don kot envisioned it for him

and it became true in the fiction of the

book

donot Pablo Picasso represents these two

figures in an astonishing way the

windmills who are giants to donot become

miniature in the painting of

Picasso Sano pansa who is a low peasant

named for his fat belly is also a giant

in comparison to the

windmills is the leader able to see

windmills as Giants and Giants as

windmills and have everyone around them

see them in the same way and act

accordingly this too is an example of

leadership what about the Sun

in this painting how high is it how high

is

donot is it possible that the Lance of

donot could reach up to the Sun that he

himself could reach up to the sun it is

a Trope or a figure from Greek mythology

that Icarus aspired to go all the way to

the Sun and what was his

fate but to be

destroyed by the height of the the son

but not

donot he is skinly Seated on his skinny

rosinante and he is as tall as the Rays

of the Sun the Rays of the sun mirrored

in the Rays of the

windmills light and dark dark and light

figures in Black it is an act of

creativity inspired in Picasso by donot

and Sano pansa Don kote inspired by the

acts of creativity of hundreds of books

about the nights of

chivalry inspired by

cantes cantes himself inspired by his

surroundings in a prison who would

believe that these figures were created

in the depth of a prison leadership

lesson on creativity the leader is a

person who

creates lead leadership is necessary in

change in order to change creativity

must be a part so this is the next

leadership lesson that we learn from the

masters of observation which is that the

leader creates and indeed inspires

creativity most of you if not all of you

know this painting very

well and again we can ask our question

what is it in this painting that is so

relevant to us and has continued to be

relevant for so many hundreds of

years in this painting we can focus on

one aspect in particular which is

trust trust is represented here as that

space between two

figures the figure of the Divine and the

figure of the human

they do not

touch but they trust each other they are

near each

other they know each

other and one the human is

naked the other the Divine is clothed

because the Divine cannot ever be fully

known or fully

seen it is an enormously powerful image

image trust is an essential feature for

a leader because a

person who inspires

trust and who is trusted is a person who

is able to have relationships with

others as we saw in donot and Sano pansa

that allow for the possibility and the

power of

leadership

so much is written and so much is

researched about strategy strategy is

simply a plan but ultimately it is a

plan in a world of uncertainty because

indeed we do live in a very uncertain

world so what plan can we have that will

lead us through the

uncertainty here we have one of the most

famous and popular paintings in all of

Spanish history the surrender of

braa this is a painting not about the

act of War but the act of defeat so let

us begin

there our leaders people who have

failed and the answer is yes and then

the next question is how badly do you

have to fail to

become excellent at leadership and

unfortunately the truth is just as we

saw before research about The Originals

the research is the greater the fall if

we survive the greater the failure the

more likely we are to have a role of

great leadership afterwards and why is

that why would you imagine that to be

true because when you have had a brutal

bone crushing terrible

failure and you have survived it you

know that you have the resources to

survive failure Additionally you know

that you can

always continue because you no longer

fear what most of us fear tremendously

which is in fact to fail here again we

see the same lances and Spears that we

had seen indicated in the Picasso

painting we have the gesture of Grace in

defeat and in Victory and indeed we see

that as my colleague Ryan mentioned

earlier to me we see that one person had

a strategy that succeeded and one person

had a strategy that

failed that's in the

moment

sunu without question one of the

greatest and most important writers in

history and the writer of one of the two

oldest works that is continuing ously

read The Art of War wrote for us

probably the greatest work ever on

strategy of the many many many wise

statements made in that work I will

mention two one is that the greatest act

of strategy in

war is the strategy that allows you

never to go to

war and that is much represented here

because rather than the end of a war

leading to a disharmony in this painting

it leads to a Harmony which is congruent

with exactly what sunu and his wisdom

has described in The Art of War and the

other is the power of momentum are we on

a momentum toward War are we on or are

we on a momentum toward peace in this

painting Vasquez depicts the moment

momentum of

Peace which in the view of this image is

a time of humanity even the horse for

which vasus is justly

famous is an indication of a kind of

love and affection and Humanity rarely

seen in paintings that appear to be

about

war so another leadership lesson for us

here is about strategy which is that

strategy is the plan for uncertainty and

the

leader has such a

plan

finally we turn now to a

painting that was shown last year in the

Picassa Museum in

Malaga the the largest painting ever

created by Jackson Pollock he created it

he was one of the originals in his time

he was asked by Peggy Guggenheim to

please create a painting for her to hang

up in her apartment she was going to

have a great event to celebrate his

work and he could not

paint he just could not do

it and he was very very inspired by the

gika of

Picasso which as many of you know was

housed at that time in the Museum of

Modern Art being protected from what

Picasso was concerned about with the

political environment here in

Spain Jackson Pollock took a canvas so

large that he made the floor his easel

because no easel could be large enough

to hold it and it all at

once he painted this great miraculous

work called

mural also inspired by the muralist from

Mexico SOS and Diego

Riva and he Paints the Stampede of the

American

West with images of Buffalo and

antelopes and cows and horses taking the

animals that he had seen in gika and

creating this

enormous feeling of energy and vitality

all at once of course he became famous

for what would become the action

painting which is a painting made with

the whole body with the whole being over

a whole

canvas after he painted this many other

artists made fun of him for having such

a large

painting and then they themselves

competed with him to make paintings just

as large or even larger the leadership

lesson here is yeah you can have trust

and creativity and

vision and strategy but without action

there is no leadership and this is shown

and felt in this incredibly emotional

painting by Jackson Pollock to conclude

I would like to ask everyone here a

question what is your

painting because each of us is in fact a

painting we are a self-portrait each of

us creating ourselves every day just as

Leonardo da Vinci's paintings

continuously change because of the

materials on which he painted we too are

a painting receiving Impressions from

others from the world around us the

brush strokes The Colors the lines the

forms the

perspectives this is we at the same time

we are

also giving image impression

acting on others acting on the world we

are our own

portraits and we are our own masters

thank

[Applause]

you