Your elusive creative genius | Elizabeth Gilbert
Summary
TLDRThe speaker, a writer, discusses the pressure and fear of achieving lasting success after the unexpected success of her book 'Eat, Pray, Love.' She explores the historical belief that creativity comes from external spirits, like 'daemons' or 'geniuses,' rather than solely from the individual. This perspective helped her manage the anxiety associated with creative work. She encourages embracing creativity as a collaborative process with these external forces, rather than as a burden solely on the individual. The talk emphasizes the importance of showing up for one's creative work, regardless of the outcome.
Takeaways
- ✍️ Writing is both a profession and a lifelong passion for the speaker.
- 📚 The memoir 'Eat, Pray, Love' became an unexpected international bestseller.
- 😨 Success has brought new anxieties about future writing and its reception.
- 🤔 Creative pursuits are often linked with fear and mental health concerns.
- 👨🔬 Unlike other professions, creativity is believed to lead to emotional turmoil.
- 📜 Ancient Greeks and Romans attributed creativity to external divine spirits called 'daemons' or 'geniuses.'
- 🎨 The Renaissance shifted the perception of creativity to being an internal human trait.
- ⚖️ The pressure of being seen as the sole source of creativity can be overwhelming.
- 🎶 Tom Waits' story illustrates a healthier way to handle creative inspiration.
- 🌟 The speaker advocates for a return to viewing creativity as a collaboration with external forces, reducing personal pressure.
Q & A
What is the main theme of the writer's speech?
-The main theme of the writer's speech is the relationship between creativity and anxiety, and how artists can manage the psychological challenges that come with their creative work.
How did the success of 'Eat, Pray, Love' affect the writer's career?
-The success of 'Eat, Pray, Love' made the writer a global sensation, which led to increased pressure and anxiety about whether she could replicate that success in future works.
What historical perspective does the writer reference to explain creativity?
-The writer references ancient Greece and Rome, where creativity was believed to come from divine attendant spirits called 'daemons' or 'genius,' rather than from the individual.
How did the Renaissance change the perception of creativity?
-During the Renaissance, the focus shifted to placing the individual human being at the center of the universe, leading to the belief that creativity came from the individual rather than from divine spirits.
What is the writer's perspective on the link between creativity and suffering?
-The writer believes that the notion of creativity being inherently linked to suffering is dangerous and odious, and that it is better to encourage creative minds to live without such anguish.
What strategy does the writer suggest for managing anxiety about creative work?
-The writer suggests creating a psychological construct to maintain a safe distance between oneself and the anxiety about the reaction to one's work, treating creativity as a collaboration with an external 'genius.'
What story about Tom Waits does the writer share?
-The writer shares a story about Tom Waits hearing a melody while driving and speaking to the sky, telling the inspiration to come back at a more opportune moment, which changed his approach to his creative process.
How did the writer apply Tom Waits' approach to her own work?
-The writer applied Tom Waits' approach by speaking to an empty corner of the room when she felt despair about her work, telling the 'genius' that she was doing her part and that the rest was up to it.
What does the writer say about the experience of transcendence in creative work?
-The writer describes moments of transcendence in creative work as being like stepping through a portal and being lit up with divinity, but emphasizes that this should be seen as something on loan from a higher source.
What message does the writer want to convey to other creative people?
-The writer wants to convey that creative people should not be daunted or afraid, but should continue to show up and do their work, trusting that any moments of wonderment are a gift from an external source.
Outlines
✍️ Reflections on the Fear of Success and Failure
The speaker, a writer, shares her deep connection to writing, which she describes as both her profession and lifelong passion. Despite her love for writing, she discusses the peculiar fear that has accompanied her recent success with her book 'Eat, Pray, Love.' This success has led to widespread expectations that she may never surpass it, leading her to feel 'doomed.' She reflects on the similarities between this fear and the fear she experienced when first aspiring to be a writer, facing the possibility of failure and rejection. The speaker questions why creative work is often associated with fear and mental instability, contrasting this with other professions like engineering. She challenges the notion that creativity and suffering are inherently linked and expresses a desire to break this cycle.
😰 Coping with the Pressure of Creative Success
The speaker bluntly acknowledges the likelihood that her greatest success is behind her, a daunting thought that could lead to despair. To avoid being overwhelmed by this pressure, she explores the need for a psychological buffer to distance herself from the anxiety of public reaction to her future work. Drawing inspiration from other cultures, she looks to ancient Greece and Rome, where creativity was seen as a divine gift from external spirits, such as 'daemons' or 'geniuses,' rather than solely the result of individual effort. This belief offered protection from excessive pride or despair, as artists did not fully own their successes or failures. The speaker suggests that this ancient perspective might offer a healthier way to approach creative work.
🎭 Embracing Creativity as a Collaboration with the Divine
The speaker delves deeper into the idea of creativity being a collaboration with external forces rather than a purely internal struggle. She shares an anecdote about poet Ruth Stone, who described her experience of poems coming to her like a force of nature, requiring her to 'run like hell' to capture them. Sometimes, Stone would miss them, and they would continue on, seeking another poet. The speaker contrasts this with her own methodical, labor-intensive creative process, but acknowledges having experienced moments where inspiration seemed to come from an unknown source. She also recounts an interview with musician Tom Waits, who learned to release the pressure of creativity by externalizing it, asking the 'genius' to come back at a more convenient time. This approach helped him manage the anxiety associated with his work.
✨ The Shared Responsibility of Creative Inspiration
The speaker reflects on a transformative moment during the writing of her book 'Eat, Pray, Love,' when she faced creative despair. Inspired by Tom Waits' story, she spoke to the empty room, addressing her 'genius' and making it clear that if the work wasn't brilliant, it wasn't entirely her fault. She committed to showing up and doing her part, regardless of the outcome. This story transitions into a historical anecdote about ancient dances in North Africa, where performers who reached transcendence were recognized as channels of the divine, with the audience chanting 'Allah' in reverence. The speaker notes that the challenge for the artist comes the next day, returning to ordinary life after such a peak experience. She advocates for a mindset where creative achievements are seen as gifts on loan from the divine, rather than something entirely owned by the artist. This perspective, she believes, can alleviate the pressure and help artists continue their work with resilience and grace. The speech concludes with a call to embrace this idea and celebrate the act of showing up to create, regardless of the outcome.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Creativity
💡Fear of Failure
💡Success
💡Ancient Greece and Rome
💡Genius
💡Creative Process
💡Mental Health
💡Inspiration
💡Rational Humanism
💡Collaboration with the Divine
Highlights
Writing books is my profession, but it's more than that, of course. It is also my great lifelong love and fascination.
The peculiar thing is that I recently wrote this book, this memoir called 'Eat, Pray, Love', which became a big, mega-sensation, international bestseller.
Everywhere I go now, people treat me like I'm doomed. They worry that I'll never be able to top 'Eat, Pray, Love'.
When I first started telling people I wanted to be a writer, I was met with fear-based reactions about never having any success and dying on a scrap heap of broken dreams.
Yes, I'm afraid of all those things. And I always have been. And I'm afraid of many, many more things besides.
Is it logical that anybody should be expected to be afraid of the work that they feel they were put on this Earth to do?
Creative people seem to have a reputation for being enormously mentally unstable, unlike other professions.
Creativity was seen as a divine attendant spirit in ancient Greece and Rome, with the Greeks calling them 'daemons' and the Romans 'genius'.
The Renaissance changed the perception, making creativity an internal human trait, leading to immense pressure on individuals.
Allowing one person to believe they are the source of all divine creativity is too much responsibility for one fragile human psyche.
The musician Tom Waits found peace by externalizing his creative process, talking to the open air when inspiration struck at inconvenient times.
Tom Waits' process changed when he released the genius back to where it came from, realizing that creativity could be a collaboration with an external force.
In the middle of writing 'Eat, Pray, Love,' I faced despair but found solace in addressing my creative genius directly, asking it to do its part.
People in the deserts of North Africa once chanted 'Allah' during transcendent performances, recognizing the divine in extraordinary human moments.
The challenge for creative people is reconciling ordinary life with moments of extraordinary creativity, believing these moments are on loan from an unimaginable source.
To continue working, I remind myself to show up for my part of the job and trust that any moments of wonderment are gifts from the creative genius.
Transcripts
I am a writer.
Writing books is my profession but it's more than that, of course.
It is also my great lifelong love and fascination.
And I don't expect that that's ever going to change.
But, that said, something kind of peculiar has happened recently
in my life and in my career,
which has caused me to have to recalibrate my whole relationship with this work.
And the peculiar thing is that I recently wrote this book,
this memoir called "Eat, Pray, Love"
which, decidedly unlike any of my previous books,
went out in the world for some reason, and became this big,
mega-sensation, international bestseller thing.
The result of which is that everywhere I go now,
people treat me like I'm doomed.
Seriously -- doomed, doomed!
Like, they come up to me now, all worried, and they say,
"Aren't you afraid you're never going to be able to top that?
Aren't you afraid you're going to keep writing for your whole life
and you're never again going to create a book
that anybody in the world cares about at all,
ever again?"
So that's reassuring, you know.
But it would be worse, except for that I happen to remember
that over 20 years ago, when I was a teenager,
when I first started telling people that I wanted to be a writer,
I was met with this same sort of fear-based reaction.
And people would say, "Aren't you afraid you're never going to have any success?
Aren't you afraid the humiliation of rejection will kill you?
Aren't you afraid that you're going to work your whole life at this craft
and nothing's ever going to come of it
and you're going to die on a scrap heap of broken dreams
with your mouth filled with bitter ash of failure?"
(Laughter)
Like that, you know.
The answer -- the short answer to all those questions is, "Yes."
Yes, I'm afraid of all those things.
And I always have been.
And I'm afraid of many, many more things besides
that people can't even guess at,
like seaweed and other things that are scary.
But, when it comes to writing,
the thing that I've been sort of thinking about lately, and wondering about lately,
is why?
You know, is it rational?
Is it logical that anybody should be expected
to be afraid of the work that they feel they were put on this Earth to do.
And what is it specifically about creative ventures
that seems to make us really nervous about each other's mental health
in a way that other careers kind of don't do, you know?
Like my dad, for example, was a chemical engineer
and I don't recall once in his 40 years of chemical engineering
anybody asking him if he was afraid to be a chemical engineer, you know?
"That chemical-engineering block, John, how's it going?"
It just didn't come up like that, you know?
But to be fair, chemical engineers as a group
haven't really earned a reputation over the centuries
for being alcoholic manic-depressives.
(Laughter)
We writers, we kind of do have that reputation,
and not just writers, but creative people across all genres,
it seems, have this reputation for being enormously mentally unstable.
And all you have to do is look at the very grim death count
in the 20th century alone, of really magnificent creative minds
who died young and often at their own hands, you know?
And even the ones who didn't literally commit suicide
seem to be really undone by their gifts, you know.
Norman Mailer, just before he died, last interview, he said,
"Every one of my books has killed me a little more."
An extraordinary statement to make about your life's work.
But we don't even blink when we hear somebody say this,
because we've heard that kind of stuff for so long
and somehow we've completely internalized and accepted collectively
this notion that creativity and suffering are somehow inherently linked
and that artistry, in the end, will always ultimately lead to anguish.
And the question that I want to ask everybody here today
is are you guys all cool with that idea?
Are you comfortable with that?
Because you look at it even from an inch away and, you know --
I'm not at all comfortable with that assumption.
I think it's odious.
And I also think it's dangerous,
and I don't want to see it perpetuated into the next century.
I think it's better if we encourage our great creative minds to live.
And I definitely know that, in my case -- in my situation --
it would be very dangerous for me to start sort of leaking down that dark path
of assumption,
particularly given the circumstance that I'm in right now in my career.
Which is -- you know, like check it out,
I'm pretty young, I'm only about 40 years old.
I still have maybe another four decades of work left in me.
And it's exceedingly likely that anything I write from this point forward
is going to be judged by the world as the work that came after
the freakish success of my last book, right?
I should just put it bluntly, because we're all sort of friends here now --
it's exceedingly likely that my greatest success is behind me.
So Jesus, what a thought!
That's the kind of thought that could lead a person
to start drinking gin at nine o'clock in the morning,
and I don't want to go there.
(Laughter)
I would prefer to keep doing this work that I love.
And so, the question becomes, how?
And so, it seems to me, upon a lot of reflection,
that the way that I have to work now, in order to continue writing,
is that I have to create some sort of protective psychological construct, right?
I have to sort of find some way to have a safe distance
between me, as I am writing, and my very natural anxiety
about what the reaction to that writing is going to be, from now on.
And, as I've been looking, over the last year,
for models for how to do that,
I've been sort of looking across time,
and I've been trying to find other societies
to see if they might have had better and saner ideas than we have
about how to help creative people
sort of manage the inherent emotional risks of creativity.
And that search has led me to ancient Greece and ancient Rome.
So stay with me, because it does circle around and back.
But, ancient Greece and ancient Rome --
people did not happen to believe that creativity
came from human beings back then, OK?
People believed that creativity was this divine attendant spirit
that came to human beings from some distant and unknowable source,
for distant and unknowable reasons.
The Greeks famously called these divine attendant spirits of creativity "daemons."
Socrates, famously, believed that he had a daemon
who spoke wisdom to him from afar.
The Romans had the same idea,
but they called that sort of disembodied creative spirit a genius.
Which is great, because the Romans did not actually think
that a genius was a particularly clever individual.
They believed that a genius was this, sort of magical divine entity,
who was believed to literally live in the walls of an artist's studio,
kind of like Dobby the house elf,
and who would come out
and sort of invisibly assist the artist with their work
and would shape the outcome of that work.
So brilliant -- there it is, right there, that distance that I'm talking about --
that psychological construct to protect you from the results of your work.
And everyone knew that this is how it functioned, right?
So the ancient artist was protected from certain things,
like, for example, too much narcissism, right?
If your work was brilliant, you couldn't take all the credit for it,
everybody knew that you had this disembodied genius who had helped you.
If your work bombed, not entirely your fault, you know?
Everyone knew your genius was kind of lame.
(Laughter)
And this is how people thought about creativity in the West
for a really long time.
And then the Renaissance came and everything changed,
and we had this big idea, and the big idea was,
let's put the individual human being at the center of the universe
above all gods and mysteries,
and there's no more room for mystical creatures
who take dictation from the divine.
And it's the beginning of rational humanism,
and people started to believe that creativity
came completely from the self of the individual.
And for the first time in history,
you start to hear people referring to this or that artist as being a genius,
rather than having a genius.
And I got to tell you, I think that was a huge error.
You know, I think that allowing somebody, one mere person
to believe that he or she is like, the vessel,
you know, like the font and the essence and the source
of all divine, creative, unknowable, eternal mystery
is just a smidge too much responsibility to put on one fragile, human psyche.
It's like asking somebody to swallow the sun.
It just completely warps and distorts egos,
and it creates all these unmanageable expectations about performance.
And I think the pressure of that
has been killing off our artists for the last 500 years.
And, if this is true,
and I think it is true,
the question becomes, what now?
Can we do this differently?
Maybe go back to some more ancient understanding
about the relationship between humans and the creative mystery.
Maybe not.
Maybe we can't just erase 500 years of rational humanistic thought
in one 18 minute speech.
And there's probably people in this audience
who would raise really legitimate scientific suspicions
about the notion of, basically, fairies
who follow people around rubbing fairy juice on their projects and stuff.
I'm not, probably, going to bring you all along with me on this.
But the question that I kind of want to pose is --
you know, why not?
Why not think about it this way?
Because it makes as much sense as anything else I have ever heard
in terms of explaining the utter maddening capriciousness
of the creative process.
A process which, as anybody who has ever tried to make something --
which is to say basically everyone here ---
knows does not always behave rationally.
And, in fact, can sometimes feel downright paranormal.
I had this encounter recently
where I met the extraordinary American poet Ruth Stone,
who's now in her 90s, but she's been a poet her entire life
and she told me that when she was growing up in rural Virginia,
she would be out working in the fields,
and she said she would feel and hear a poem
coming at her from over the landscape.
And she said it was like a thunderous train of air.
And it would come barreling down at her over the landscape.
And she felt it coming, because it would shake the earth under her feet.
She knew that she had only one thing to do at that point,
and that was to, in her words, "run like hell."
And she would run like hell to the house
and she would be getting chased by this poem,
and the whole deal was that she had to get to a piece of paper and a pencil
fast enough so that when it thundered through her, she could collect it
and grab it on the page.
And other times she wouldn't be fast enough,
so she'd be running and running, and she wouldn't get to the house
and the poem would barrel through her and she would miss it
and she said it would continue on across the landscape,
looking, as she put it "for another poet."
And then there were these times --
this is the piece I never forgot --
she said that there were moments where she would almost miss it, right?
So, she's running to the house and she's looking for the paper
and the poem passes through her,
and she grabs a pencil just as it's going through her,
and then she said, it was like she would reach out with her other hand
and she would catch it.
She would catch the poem by its tail,
and she would pull it backwards into her body
as she was transcribing on the page.
And in these instances, the poem would come up on the page perfect and intact
but backwards, from the last word to the first.
(Laughter)
So when I heard that I was like -- that's uncanny,
that's exactly what my creative process is like.
(Laughter)
That's not at all what my creative process is -- I'm not the pipeline!
I'm a mule, and the way that I have to work
is I have to get up at the same time every day,
and sweat and labor and barrel through it really awkwardly.
But even I, in my mulishness,
even I have brushed up against that thing, at times.
And I would imagine that a lot of you have too.
You know, even I have had work or ideas come through me from a source
that I honestly cannot identify.
And what is that thing?
And how are we to relate to it in a way that will not make us lose our minds,
but, in fact, might actually keep us sane?
And for me, the best contemporary example that I have of how to do that
is the musician Tom Waits,
who I got to interview several years ago on a magazine assignment.
And we were talking about this,
and you know, Tom, for most of his life, he was pretty much the embodiment
of the tormented contemporary modern artist,
trying to control and manage and dominate
these sort of uncontrollable creative impulses
that were totally internalized.
But then he got older, he got calmer,
and one day he was driving down the freeway in Los Angeles,
and this is when it all changed for him.
And he's speeding along, and all of a sudden
he hears this little fragment of melody,
that comes into his head as inspiration often comes, elusive and tantalizing,
and he wants it, it's gorgeous,
and he longs for it, but he has no way to get it.
He doesn't have a piece of paper, or a pencil, or a tape recorder.
So he starts to feel all of that old anxiety start to rise in him
like, "I'm going to lose this thing,
and I'll be be haunted by this song forever.
I'm not good enough, and I can't do it."
And instead of panicking, he just stopped.
He just stopped that whole mental process and he did something completely novel.
He just looked up at the sky, and he said,
"Excuse me, can you not see that I'm driving?"
(Laughter)
"Do I look like I can write down a song right now?
If you really want to exist, come back at a more opportune moment
when I can take care of you.
Otherwise, go bother somebody else today.
Go bother Leonard Cohen."
And his whole work process changed after that.
Not the work, the work was still oftentimes as dark as ever.
But the process, and the heavy anxiety around it
was released when he took the genie, the genius out of him
where it was causing nothing but trouble, and released it back where it came from,
and realized that this didn't have to be this internalized, tormented thing.
It could be this peculiar, wondrous, bizarre collaboration,
kind of conversation between Tom and the strange, external thing
that was not quite Tom.
When I heard that story, it started to shift a little bit
the way that I worked too, and this idea already saved me once.
It saved me when I was in the middle of writing "Eat, Pray, Love,"
and I fell into one of those sort of pits of despair
that we all fall into when we're working on something and it's not coming
and you start to think this is going to be a disaster, the worst book ever written.
Not just bad, but the worst book ever written.
And I started to think I should just dump this project.
But then I remembered Tom talking to the open air
and I tried it.
So I just lifted my face up from the manuscript
and I directed my comments to an empty corner of the room.
And I said aloud, "Listen you, thing,
you and I both know that if this book isn't brilliant
that is not entirely my fault, right?
Because you can see that I am putting everything I have into this,
I don't have any more than this.
If you want it to be better, you've got to show up and do your part of the deal.
But if you don't do that, you know what, the hell with it.
I'm going to keep writing anyway because that's my job.
And I would please like the record to reflect today
that I showed up for my part of the job."
(Laughter)
Because --
(Applause)
Because in the end it's like this, OK --
centuries ago in the deserts of North Africa,
people used to gather for these moonlight dances of sacred dance and music
that would go on for hours and hours, until dawn.
They were always magnificent, because the dancers were professionals
and they were terrific, right?
But every once in a while, very rarely, something would happen,
and one of these performers would actually become transcendent.
And I know you know what I'm talking about,
because I know you've all seen, at some point in your life,
a performance like this.
It was like time would stop,
and the dancer would sort of step through some kind of portal
and he wasn't doing anything different
than he had ever done, 1,000 nights before,
but everything would align.
And all of a sudden, he would no longer appear to be merely human.
He would be lit from within, and lit from below
and all lit up on fire with divinity.
And when this happened, back then,
people knew it for what it was, you know, they called it by its name.
They would put their hands together and they would start to chant,
"Allah, Allah, Allah, God, God, God."
That's God, you know.
Curious historical footnote:
when the Moors invaded southern Spain, they took this custom with them
and the pronunciation changed over the centuries
from "Allah, Allah, Allah," to "Olé, olé, olé,"
which you still hear in bullfights and in flamenco dances.
In Spain, when a performer has done something impossible and magic,
"Allah, olé, olé, Allah, magnificent, bravo,"
incomprehensible, there it is -- a glimpse of God.
Which is great, because we need that.
But, the tricky bit comes the next morning,
for the dancer himself, when he wakes up and discovers
that it's Tuesday at 11 a.m., and he's no longer a glimpse of God.
He's just an aging mortal with really bad knees,
and maybe he's never going to ascend to that height again.
And maybe nobody will ever chant God's name again as he spins,
and what is he then to do with the rest of his life?
This is hard.
This is one of the most painful reconciliations to make
in a creative life.
But maybe it doesn't have to be quite so full of anguish
if you never happened to believe, in the first place,
that the most extraordinary aspects of your being came from you.
But maybe if you just believed that they were on loan to you
from some unimaginable source for some exquisite portion of your life
to be passed along when you're finished,
with somebody else.
And, you know, if we think about it this way, it starts to change everything.
This is how I've started to think,
and this is certainly how I've been thinking in the last few months
as I've been working on the book that will soon be published,
as the dangerously, frighteningly over-anticipated follow up
to my freakish success.
And what I have to sort of keep telling myself
when I get really psyched out about that is don't be afraid.
Don't be daunted. Just do your job.
Continue to show up for your piece of it, whatever that might be.
If your job is to dance, do your dance.
If the divine, cockeyed genius assigned to your case
decides to let some sort of wonderment be glimpsed, for just one moment
through your efforts, then "Olé!"
And if not, do your dance anyhow.
And "Olé!" to you, nonetheless.
I believe this and I feel that we must teach it.
"Olé!" to you, nonetheless,
just for having the sheer human love and stubbornness
to keep showing up.
Thank you.
(Applause)
Thank you.
(Applause)
June Cohen: Olé!
(Applause)
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