Variações Linguísticas - [COE2 - Etapa Final]

Summary

This video explores the concept of linguistic variations in the Portuguese language, highlighting how it changes over time and according to different contexts. It covers historical, geographical, social, and stylistic variations, demonstrating how language evolves through influences like history, regional accents, age, social class, and context. The video emphasizes how language adapts in everyday use, from formal to informal settings, and how words and expressions differ across generations and locations. Ultimately, it showcases the dynamic nature of language and the factors that shape it.

Takeaways

• 😀 Historical variation in language shows that language changes over time.
• 😀 The way we communicate today is different from how people communicated 20, 30, or 40 years ago.
• 😀 The word 'você' (you) evolved from the old term 'seus mercê' (your mercy) over time.
• 😀 Geographical variation influences accents and language usage in different regions.
• 😀 São Paulo's accent is influenced by Italian colonies, while Rio's accent is influenced by the royal family.
• 😀 Different regions may use different words for the same thing, such as 'traffic light' vs. 'lighthouse'.
• 😀 Social variation reflects how different groups use language differently, such as between age groups or genders.
• 😀 Age affects language use, with younger people using terms that differ from older generations.
• 😀 The variation in style depends on context: standard language for formal settings and colloquial for informal ones.
• 😀 Just as we dress differently for the beach and work, we adjust our language use depending on the situation.

Q & A

What is linguistic variation and why is it important in the context of the Portuguese language?

Linguistic variation refers to the differences in the way a language is spoken depending on factors like time, place, social group, and context. In the context of the Portuguese language, it is important because it shows how the language changes over time and adapts to different influences, such as historical events, geography, and social dynamics.

What is historical variation in language?

Historical variation in language refers to the changes that occur in a language over time. It highlights how words and expressions evolve. For example, in the past, people used 'seus mercê' (your mercy) to address others, which eventually became 'vosmecê' and later 'você'.

How has the word 'você' evolved in the Portuguese language?

'Você' has evolved from the old expression 'seus mercê' (your mercy). Over time, it transformed into 'vosmecê', which you may still hear in period soap operas, and later shortened to 'você'.

What is geographical variation in language?

Geographical variation refers to differences in how language is spoken based on the region or place. This includes differences in accent and vocabulary. For example, people from São Paulo pronounce the 's' differently from those in Rio de Janeiro due to historical influences.

Why do people in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro have different accents?

The accents differ because São Paulo was influenced by Italian immigrants, while Rio de Janeiro was influenced by the Portuguese royal family, which took refuge there for a time. These historical factors led to different pronunciations of sounds like 's'.

Can geographical variation lead to different words for the same thing?

Yes, geographical variation can result in different regions using distinct words for the same object or concept. For example, 'traffic light' in Rio de Janeiro is referred to as 'faro' in São Paulo, and the same vegetable is called 'cassava', 'macaxeira', or 'aipim' depending on the region.

What is social variation in language?

Social variation refers to the differences in language use across different social groups. This can be influenced by factors such as age, gender, and social class. For example, younger people may use different slang terms than older generations, and men and women may speak differently.

How does age influence language use?

Age influences language use because different generations develop distinct ways of speaking. For example, the term 'top-notch' might be used by younger people today, while older generations might use expressions like 'great'. This reflects the influence of age on language preferences.

How does social class influence language?

Social class can influence language because people from different classes may have different levels of education, access to resources, and exposure to various cultural influences. This can lead to variations in language use, such as differences in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.

What is variation in style, and how does it affect language use?

Variation in style refers to the difference between using the standard norm of a language (formal language) and the colloquial norm (informal language). For example, you would use standard language in professional settings like work or school, but you would use colloquial language with friends or family in casual situations.