Técnicas radiográficas Intraorais (Periapical, Interproximal, Oclusal)

Summary

In this educational video, the instructor delves into intraoral radiology techniques, focusing on the three primary methods: periapical, interproximal, and occlusal. The periapical technique is used to evaluate the region around the apex of teeth, essential for diagnosing pathologies and assessing implants. Interproximal radiographs help detect issues like cavities and assess restoration fitting. The occlusal technique is utilized to examine fractures, impacted teeth, and the positioning of objects. Detailed instructions are provided for each technique, along with tips for using positioning devices and understanding radiation angles for accurate imaging.

Takeaways

• 😀 Intraoral radiography techniques involve positioning the receptor inside the patient's oral cavity to capture dental images.
• 😀 The most commonly used intraoral radiography technique is the panoramic radiograph, especially in routine dental practice.
• 😀 Periapical radiographs are used to assess the area around the apex of teeth, detect potential caries, and evaluate bone health.
• 😀 For periapical radiographs, two main techniques are used: parallelism and bisecting angle.
• 😀 In the parallelism technique, the film and the long axis of the tooth should be parallel, and the X-ray beam should be perpendicular to both.
• 😀 In the bisecting angle technique, when no positioning device is available, the angle formed by the receptor and the tooth's long axis is bisected to guide the X-ray beam.
• 😀 The interproximal technique is used to examine the contact areas between adjacent teeth and is ideal for diagnosing caries and evaluating restorations.
• 😀 Interproximal radiographs are typically taken for posterior teeth like premolars and molars, not for anterior teeth.
• 😀 The occlusal radiograph is larger and captures a broader view of the jaw, useful for assessing fractures, impacted teeth, and foreign objects.
• 😀 In occlusal radiography, the patient bites down on a large receptor while the X-ray beam is directed to observe the maxilla or mandible, depending on the area of interest.

Q & A

What is the focus of today's lesson in the transcript?

The focus of today's lesson is on intraoral radiographic techniques in dentistry, specifically covering periapical, interproximal, and occlusal radiographs.

What distinguishes intraoral radiographs from extraoral radiographs?

In intraoral radiographs, the receptor (film or sensor) is placed inside the patient's mouth, whereas in extraoral radiographs, the receptor is positioned outside the mouth.

What are the main types of intraoral radiographs discussed in the lesson?

The main types of intraoral radiographs discussed are periapical, interproximal, and occlusal.

What is the primary indication for a periapical radiograph?

The primary indication for a periapical radiograph is to evaluate the apex of the tooth (periapical region), surrounding bone, dental relationships, and potential pathologies or conditions like caries or bone loss.

How should a radiographic film be positioned for a periapical radiograph?

The film should be positioned with the white side facing the X-ray tube, ensuring that the tip (picote) is directed towards the occlusal surface of the tooth, and the film should be parallel to the tooth being radiographed.

What are the two techniques used for periapical radiographs?

The two techniques used for periapical radiographs are the paralleling technique and the bisecting angle technique.

When should the bisecting angle technique be used?

The bisecting angle technique should be used when a positioning device is unavailable or when it is difficult to align the film and the tooth parallel to each other.

What is the main purpose of interproximal radiographs?

Interproximal radiographs are used to evaluate the contacts between adjacent teeth, the bone levels around the teeth, the condition of restorations, and the presence of caries or other dental issues.

In what cases is an occlusal radiograph used?

An occlusal radiograph is used to assess large areas of the mouth, including detecting fractures, impacted teeth, foreign objects, or specific dental conditions in the maxilla or mandible.

How is the X-ray beam directed in an occlusal radiograph?

In an occlusal radiograph, the X-ray beam is directed perpendicularly to the film, either from the top (for maxillary occlusal radiographs) or from below (for mandibular occlusal radiographs), depending on the region being assessed.