PENGERTIAN PENELITIAN SOSIAL - Materi Sosiologi Kelas 10 SMA

Summary

This video lesson introduces social research in sociology for high school students, emphasizing its importance in addressing societal issues. The lesson covers the process of reasoning, including logical, analytical, and critical thinking. It outlines the three main types of reasoning: deductive, inductive, and combined. The video explains the systematic nature of research, highlighting the significance of planning, data collection, analysis, and reporting. It also delves into the necessary mindset and characteristics of a researcher, such as skepticism, objectivity, and honesty. By the end, students will gain a foundational understanding of social research in sociology.

Takeaways

• 😀 Human beings are driven by a natural curiosity to acquire knowledge, which leads to a constant desire to understand and explore various topics.
• 😀 Reasoning, or 'penalaran,' is the cognitive process of drawing logical conclusions based on relevant facts.
• 😀 Logical reasoning is essential in understanding phenomena in the real world and involves making sense of facts with a clear, rational approach.
• 😀 Analytical thinking requires investigating events or issues to understand the real circumstances and prevent assumptions based on incomplete information.
• 😀 There are three main types of reasoning: deductive, inductive, and a combination of both. Deductive reasoning involves drawing specific conclusions from general principles, while inductive reasoning works in the opposite direction, starting with specific observations to form broader conclusions.
• 😀 Research is defined as a scientific activity aimed at uncovering truth based on systematic, methodological approaches.
• 😀 Three key aspects of research are: drawing conclusions that can be trusted, collecting empirical data using scientific methods, and following a structured process to solve problems.
• 😀 Effective research follows a systematic approach, with a planned process and methodical steps to ensure valid, reliable outcomes.
• 😀 A researcher must maintain skepticism, critically analyze data, and question all findings, not accepting them without sufficient evidence.
• 😀 Objectivity, competence, and factual accuracy are crucial qualities of a researcher. They must separate personal emotions from the data and ensure results are based on solid facts.
• 😀 Researchers must follow established procedures and scientific methods to ensure their research is credible, systematic, and can contribute to solving societal issues.

Q & A

What is the importance of social research in sociology?

Social research is crucial in sociology as it helps sociologists understand and solve social problems by systematically investigating various societal issues. It enables researchers to draw meaningful conclusions and contribute to the betterment of society.

What are the key stages involved in the research process?

The research process involves several stages: identifying the problem, designing the research plan, collecting data, analyzing the data, and reporting the findings. These stages are carried out in a systematic and structured manner to ensure reliable results.

What does the thinking process in research entail?

The thinking process in research involves reasoning to reach logical conclusions based on relevant facts. This process helps researchers move from curiosity to clear understanding and informed decisions regarding social issues.

What are the characteristics of logical reasoning in research?

Logical reasoning in research is characterized by the ability to think clearly and make conclusions that align with facts and reality. It is based on sound reasoning that adheres to established methods and principles, ensuring that conclusions are reliable and valid.

Can you explain the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning in research?

Deductive reasoning moves from general principles to specific conclusions (e.g., 'All living beings need water; mushrooms need water'), while inductive reasoning starts with specific observations and draws general conclusions from them (e.g., analyzing data from various districts to determine trends).

What is the definition of research according to Soerjono Soekanto?

According to Soerjono Soekanto, research is a scientific activity based on analysis and construction, conducted systematically, methodologically, and consistently. Its purpose is to uncover truths and address specific problems faced by society.

What are the three essential conditions for conducting research?

The three essential conditions for conducting research are: 1) it must be systematic, following a specific pattern from simple to complex stages; 2) it must be planned, with each step thought out in advance; and 3) it must adhere to scientific procedures, ensuring consistency and reliability in results.

What is the role of a researcher’s mindset in conducting effective research?

A researcher’s mindset should include being skeptical, analytical, and critical. They should question facts and evidence, carefully analyze data, and draw conclusions based on logic and facts, avoiding personal biases and assumptions.

How should a researcher behave to ensure objectivity in their work?

A researcher must separate their personal feelings from the research process and focus solely on the facts and data collected. Objectivity ensures that the results are not influenced by the researcher’s opinions or biases, making the research findings reliable.

What are the key attitudes a researcher should have to ensure effective research?

A researcher should maintain three key attitudes: 1) objectivity, separating personal bias from facts; 2) competence, having the necessary skills to conduct research and analyze data; and 3) factuality, ensuring the results are based on accurate and truthful data.