Arduino UNO Smart Home Lighting Simulation w/LEDs, HC-05 Bluetooth Module + mBlock 3 [Tutorial]

Summary

This tutorial guides viewers on creating a smart home lighting system using Arduino components and an Android phone. It covers wiring the Arduino Uno board with LEDs, resistors, and an HC-05 Bluetooth module. The process involves connecting the setup to an Android device using the Arduino Bluetooth controller app, programming the system with Mblock software, and controlling the lights via Bluetooth commands. The video concludes with a demonstration of the system's functionality, showcasing how to turn lights on and off remotely.

Takeaways

• 🔧 The tutorial is about creating a smart home lighting system using Arduino components and an Android phone.
• 📱 An Android app called Arduino Bluetooth Controller is used to control the system, demonstrated with a Samsung phone.
• 💡 The main components include an Arduino Uno R3 board, breadboard, 3 LEDs, resistors, jump wires, and an HC-05 Bluetooth module.
• 🛠 The wiring involves connecting the Arduino to the breadboard, LEDs, resistors, and Bluetooth module as per the Fritzing diagram.
• 🔌 The Bluetooth module HC-05 connects with the Arduino board using TXD and RXD pins for communication.
• 📶 The Bluetooth module is powered up and tested by pairing it with an Android phone, using password 1234.
• 💻 MBlock software (version 3) is used to program the Arduino and control the system. Custom extensions for Bluetooth programming are required.
• 🔢 The system is programmed to respond to specific numeric inputs (e.g., 4 to turn on the living room light, 1 to turn it off).
• 🛑 The RX pin must be disconnected while uploading the program to the Arduino board to avoid upload failure.
• 🖱 Once programmed, the Android app can control the lights using buttons instead of typing commands, providing a user-friendly interface.

Q & A

What components are required to build the smart home lighting system using Arduino?

The required components include an Arduino Uno R3 board, a breadboard, three LED lights, three 220-ohm or 1k-ohm resistors, nine jumper wires, an HC-05 Bluetooth module, and an Android phone with the Arduino Bluetooth controller app.

How do you connect the Arduino Uno board to the breadboard?

You start by connecting the ground wire from the Arduino to the negative rail on the breadboard, and the 5V wire from the Arduino to the positive rail.

What is the role of the HC-05 Bluetooth module in the project?

The HC-05 Bluetooth module enables wireless communication between the Arduino setup and the Android phone, allowing the user to control the LEDs remotely via Bluetooth.

How do you ensure proper wiring of the Bluetooth module to the Arduino board?

You connect the TXD (transmit) pin on the Bluetooth module to the RX (receive) pin on the Arduino and the RXD pin on the Bluetooth module to the TX pin on the Arduino. Additionally, the module is powered by connecting GND to ground and VCC to the 5V rail.

What is the purpose of the resistors in the circuit?

The resistors, connected to the negative (short) legs of the LEDs, are used to limit the current flowing through the LEDs to prevent damage.

How are the LEDs controlled using the Arduino code?

The LEDs are connected to digital pins 5, 6, and 7 of the Arduino. By receiving specific commands (numbers) via Bluetooth, the Arduino code turns the LEDs on or off by setting the corresponding pins high or low.

What steps are involved in setting up the Arduino Bluetooth controller app on the Android phone?

First, download the Arduino Bluetooth controller app from the Play Store. Then, pair the phone with the HC-05 Bluetooth module by entering the default password (1234). Once paired, the app can send commands to the Arduino to control the LEDs.

How do you configure the buttons in the Arduino Bluetooth controller app?

Within the app, you assign different buttons to send specific numbers (commands) corresponding to each LED’s on/off state. For example, button 1 sends '4' to turn on the living room light, and button 2 sends '1' to turn it off.

What does the code do when the 'all lights on' command is received?

When the 'all lights on' command (number 9) is received via Bluetooth, the code sets all the LED pins (living room, bedroom, and dining room) to HIGH, turning on all the lights.

How do you upload the Arduino program to the board and ensure the Bluetooth module doesn't interfere?

Before uploading the program, the RX pin on the Bluetooth module must be disconnected from the Arduino board. After the upload is complete, the RX pin can be reconnected to allow Bluetooth communication.

Outlines

00:00

🔧 Setting Up the Smart Home Lighting System

In this introductory section, the host explains that the project is about creating a smart home lighting system using Arduino components and an Android phone. The app used for the project is the Arduino Bluetooth controller. A Fritzing diagram is introduced to guide the wiring setup. Components include an Arduino Uno R3 board, breadboard, LEDs, resistors, and a Bluetooth module (HC-05). Step-by-step instructions on how to connect these components are provided, including wiring the Arduino board to the breadboard and setting up the LEDs.

05:03

🔌 Connecting the Bluetooth Module

This paragraph focuses on wiring the HC-05 Bluetooth module to the Arduino. The HC-05 is used because it has six pins, differentiating it from the HC-06, which has four. Detailed instructions on wiring the module to the Arduino, including connecting the ground, VCC, TXD, and RXD pins, are given. A power test is demonstrated to confirm the Bluetooth module is functioning. Additionally, the host explains how to set up the Arduino to communicate with the module, ensuring correct connections between TX and RX pins.

10:05

📱 Pairing the Phone and the Bluetooth Module

The host moves on to pairing the Android phone with the HC-05 module. After downloading the app from the Play Store, they search for the Bluetooth device in the phone's settings, selecting HC-05 and entering the default password (1234) to pair. Once connected, attention shifts to writing the code for the Arduino, which will allow the system to control the lights. The host explains how to connect the Arduino to a computer and set up Mblock for coding, emphasizing that the correct port and board settings are crucial.

15:08

💻 Coding the Bluetooth-Controlled Lighting System

In this section, the host explains the process of writing the Arduino code. Using Mblock software, the code assigns specific pins (5, 6, 7) for each LED (living room, bedroom, dining room) and sets up a Bluetooth extension. The program uses conditional statements to turn on or off the lights based on Bluetooth signals received from the phone. The host details how to program each room’s light to respond to specific commands (e.g., typing '4' turns on the living room light).

20:11

💡 Controlling Multiple Lights Simultaneously

Here, the focus is on adding more functionality to the program. The host explains how to create commands that can turn on or off all the lights at once. The host also introduces feedback functionality, where the phone receives a message each time a light is turned on or off. This ensures the user is aware of the current status of the lights. The code is written to send a message to the phone when individual or all lights are toggled.

25:12

📲 Configuring the App for Button Controls

The host demonstrates how to configure the Arduino Bluetooth controller app, setting up buttons to control the lights through the phone. Each button is programmed to correspond with specific light commands (e.g., button 4 turns on the living room light, button 1 turns it off). The host goes through the process of customizing the button names and assigning the correct numbers to match the Arduino code. They test the app, ensuring it works as expected, allowing easy control of the lights using just the phone’s buttons instead of typing commands.

Keywords

💡Arduino Uno R3

The Arduino Uno R3 is a microcontroller board used to control electronic components. In the video, it is the core component of the smart home lighting system, responsible for processing inputs and controlling the LEDs and Bluetooth module.

💡Breadboard

A breadboard is a device used to prototype electronic circuits without soldering. In the video, the breadboard is used to connect the Arduino board, resistors, and LEDs, enabling the creation of the lighting system without permanent connections.

💡LED

LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) are semiconductor devices that emit light when current flows through them. The tutorial uses three LEDs of different colors to simulate lights in a smart home setup, where each can be controlled via the Arduino and Android app.

💡HC-05 Bluetooth Module

The HC-05 is a Bluetooth module used to enable wireless communication between devices. In this video, it allows the Arduino board to receive signals from an Android phone, making the system controllable via Bluetooth.

💡Resistor

A resistor is an electronic component that limits the flow of electric current. In this project, resistors are used to protect the LEDs by controlling the amount of current passing through them, ensuring the components are not damaged.

💡Jump wires

Jump wires are insulated wires with connectors on each end, used to establish electrical connections between components on a breadboard or between a breadboard and external components. The tutorial mentions using nine jump wires to connect the various parts of the system.

💡Fritzing diagram

A Fritzing diagram is a visual representation of a circuit, showing how to connect various components. In the video, the presenter refers to a Fritzing diagram to guide the audience through the correct wiring of the smart lighting system.

💡Arduino Bluetooth Controller app

This is an Android app used to send Bluetooth commands to the Arduino via the HC-05 module. The video demonstrates how to download and use this app to control the smart home lighting system wirelessly using a smartphone.

💡MBlock

MBlock is a programming environment used for coding and controlling Arduino devices. In this tutorial, the presenter uses MBlock version 3 to write the code that makes the smart home lighting system function, allowing the phone to control the lights.

💡Digital input pins

Digital input pins on the Arduino are used to receive or send digital signals (on or off). In the project, the LEDs are connected to digital input pins 5, 6, and 7, which the Arduino controls to turn the lights on or off based on commands sent via Bluetooth.

Highlights

Introduction to creating a smart home lighting system using Arduino and Android components.

Components needed: Arduino Uno R3 board, breadboard, three LEDs, three resistors, jump wires, and an HC-05 Bluetooth module.

Explanation of the Fritzing diagram to help wire up the Arduino components for the lighting system.

Demonstrating how to connect the ground and 5V power from the Arduino to the breadboard.

Guidelines on how to properly position LEDs on the breadboard and distinguish between the positive (long) and negative (short) legs of the LEDs.

Instructions for wiring resistors between the LED negative legs and the ground rail to limit current and protect the LEDs.

How to wire the LEDs to digital pins 5, 6, and 7 on the Arduino, assigning each LED to a pin for control.

Introduction to the HC-05 Bluetooth module, including how to connect it to the Arduino for communication with the Android phone.

Explanation of the RX and TX pins on the HC-05 module, ensuring proper communication with the Arduino board.

Instructions to power the Bluetooth module using the VCC and ground connections from the Arduino board.

Steps to download and install the Arduino Bluetooth Controller app from the Android Play Store.

Pairing the Android phone with the HC-05 Bluetooth module, including using the default password '1234' for pairing.

Programming the Arduino in MBlock (version 3) to control the lighting system using Bluetooth commands sent from the Android phone.

Setting up variables to map each room (living room, bedroom, dining room) to specific Arduino pins controlling the LEDs.

Final testing of the Bluetooth app buttons, allowing the user to turn lights on and off remotely via the Android app.

Transcripts

hey guys in this tutorial we are going

to create a smart home lighting system

using Arduino components as well as an

Android phone so this is a Samsung phone

and we need to use an app called the

Arduino Bluetooth controller which we'll

show you in just a moment now I want you

to take a look at this Fritzing diagram

this is how we are going to wire up the

entire contraption right just for the

Arduino components so now we're gonna

start wiring this thing up now let's go

through the components together so we

have an Arduino Uno r3 board we've got a

little breadboard three LED lights you

can use any color you want I'm using red

for this example you need three 220 ohm

or 1k ohm resistors one resistor for

each of the LEDs you will need nine jump

wires these are for the Bluetooth module

and this is going to be for powering up

the five volt and the ground to the

breadboard and these cables were going

to use to plug the LEDs into the digital

in ports now speaking of Bluetooth this

is an hc-05 bluetooth module and we are

going to use that to interface this with

the sense Samsung Android phone or any

Android phone for that matter okay let's

get started so the first thing we're

going to do is we're going to plug the

Arduino board to the breadboard so I'm

going to start with the ground wire so

plug that into the negative and plug the

five volt

just right there put that into the

positive rail just like that okay that's

great okay so now once we've got that we

can space it out a little bit that's

fine

so now what we want to do is get the

LEDs plugged in so we want now keep in

mind when you work with these the

positive if we have a look the positive

is the long leg and the negative is the

short leg so we want it we want the

positive leg to be facing left so let's

say I'm gonna put this here and we'll do

the same with all the others

just follow basically what's on the

Fritzing diagram and you should have no

problems so let's get this done I think

that's okay all right I've got three

LEDs all plugged in and now let's go for

these resistors so now for the resistors

so we don't need more of these black

wires for the negative we can simply

just plug the resistor from the negative

the short leg into the negative rail so

all we have to do is just plug one there

okay we need another one so negative

rail short leg

let's just get that in it'll be quite

careful with this you might want to

straighten this out a little bit so

let's try that again so we'll plug that

in okay I think that's good enough all

right do the same for this one so plug

that in and good all right so we have

the resistors now what we want to do now

we want to plug each of these LEDs into

a respective digital input which is here

so I could just fold this cable down a

little bit so you can see it better okay

so we are going to plug the yellow cable

you can use any color cable you like but

it's fine so we're gonna plug the yellow

cable in to the long leg so we plug that

into number five we plug the gray cable

in the two number six and so we just put

that in we're also going to put the blue

cable into number seven so blue cable

into number seven

all right doesn't matter if he can't if

these cables cover up the lights it

doesn't matter too much just as long as

the lights work and then it's fine now

next thing is we want to hook up the

Arduino Bluetooth module hc-05 and you

know it's hc-05 because it has six pins

and not four pins if it's four pins it's

HC zero six now what we're going to do

is we're going to insert this into here

like that okay so it remains in place

now you can see on your Bluetooth module

you have txt and rxd txt means sending

so if the Bluetooth module is going to

send something to the Arduino board the

t XD has to be plugged into the rx okay

and the TX here when the Arduino board

is sending something to the bluetooth

module

similarly the TX has to send and receive

on the Rx or our XD TX d to Rx and the

TX here to our XD so we have to make

sure that the opposites are connected

right now first we want to power this

bluetooth module up so we connect the

one to the ground so we can put it there

and one to VCC VCC is positive so we

plug that in to the positive sorry it's

just that when I plug this in it's going

to conceal the labels as long as you

followed the diagram like I said you

should have little problems all right

now txd we're going to use the orange

cable

oh yeah if you're not sure whether this

is actually powering up or not all you

have to do is just turn it over now if I

get a power USB cable and plug it in

right see it actually lights up right so

that is providing power from the it's

getting power from the Arduino board

let's pull it out just to make sure it's

working okay now we want to plug the

orange cable in to txd and we want the

green cable into the rxd so the t XD has

to be plugged into our X on the Arduino

board so our X normally is 0 and the our

XD has to plug in to TX

just like that's a bit messy but it will

work hopefully so let's just make sure

we have all the cabling we seem to have

everything so that seems to be

everything plugged in so we've got all

the cabling we've got the resistors the

lights and we also have the Bluetooth

module we turn it around okay that's

what it looks like from one side and

this is what it looks like from the

other side so for the second part of the

tutorial we are going to download the

app for Android so that we can interface

with the Bluetooth module okay so what

we'll do is we're gonna power up the

board so we use the USB cable you can

use a battery as well but we're gonna

use a USB cable right we know it is on

because the light is actually flashing

so if I turn this around just like that

you should be able to see sorry this

board's tilted somewhat but that's okay

just make sure the cables not coming out

okay that's I think that will do right

so what we need to do is we need to get

this phone on so if we just turn this on

let's get out of this sorry I'm just

gonna punch in my passcode all right so

what we want to do is we want to go to

the Play Store or you can if you want

scan the QR code on I mean we do have a

QR code for the app but otherwise simply

go here and go to arduino bluetooth

search for our teen arduino bluetooth

you want the essay tech app also not

this one there are loads of arduino

bluetooth but we're gonna use the SI

tech app so we're gonna install this

remember this is only for Android this

does not work on iPhone and the reason

why is because iPhone is incompatible

with this there's some security issues

so you have to use Android

right so we'll just wait for that okay

once it's done you press open what we

would like to be able to do is we'd like

to be able to connect to this to the

Bluetooth module all right and if you're

not sure if it's connected what you do

is you go to your Bluetooth and you I

need to stir to search for this

Bluetooth device

right you might have to refresh the

screen so you can see the Bluetooth

device it should be called hc-05 if you

can't find it you might have to switch

off the Bluetooth switch it on and try

to rescan but eventually you should be

able to find it but if you oh yeah okay

there you go there's hc-05 you might

have to press the reset button there is

a little button here I think you can

press that so right

it's hc-05 and it's gonna ask you for a

password set the password is 1 1 2 3 4

so 1 2 3 4 then press ok and once it

says pair device you know you've done it

correctly now the next thing we're going

to do is we're going to write the code

to make this whole system work now what

we do is we want to make sure that the

Arduino board is connected to the

computer via USB cable so make sure that

it is connected and that the end of the

cable is plugged in to the computer and

on M block you go to oh and by the way

we are using M blocked version 3 this is

on Mac OS so we're gonna connect the

serial port because I'm using Mac OS the

port comes out as USB modem if you're

using a Windows computer it will be calm

and then followed by a number as in c om

so connect it you know it's connected

when the light goes from red to green

and it says ok but you also want to make

sure that you choose the right board

otherwise the program will not work so

make sure you go to boards large we know

who no and you get the Arduino blocks

for your programmer and for your board

we also need to download some extensions

because if we want to program the

Bluetooth module we need a special

extension which I have written myself

so what we do is we go to extensions

manage extensions your computer might

have this already but if not or if you

just want to check go to manage

extensions and type in P see M it will

go online and it will find three modules

that I have created myself all three

extensions actually so I download the

Bluetooth hc-05 extension okay it's

right there now I can close that I know

it's installed because now I have these

blocks for doing Bluetooth okay without

further ado we're gonna start coding I

make this bigger so you can see it a

little better

so it's let's increase the size then a

right click and upload once we are ready

to get this program we're gonna press

this upload button now if you remember

from the Fritzing diagram we have

connected three lights to digital pin

five six and seven

instead of saying five six and seven

we're going to use bedroom names okay so

we're gonna make a variable so let's say

the first light could be living room so

that's that now we need another variable

it could be bedroom so let's spell that

right this variable could be called

bedroom and then we want another one

called

let's say dining room you can call it

anything you want it really doesn't

matter right now let's say the living

room is going to be the light that's

connected to pin five so we say set the

living room to five bedroom could be six

and dining room could be seven whatever

you like just make sure you get the

right pin numbers okay these names can

be anything but you've got to get the

right pin numbers okay now the next

thing we want to check we want to set up

the Bluetooth now you want to make sure

that the port is correct

so the TX port should be connected to

zero it should actually be zero and rx

should be connected to one leave the

baud rate as it is it should be zero and

one so you need to swap the numbers

around go to control we need a forever

loop because because we want to keep

checking the Bluetooth module needs to

keep checking so what we do now what we

want to do is we want to say if we press

let's say if we type the number four if

we use the phone and we send the number

four then we won't say I don't know the

living room like to turn on or if we

type the number one then the light will

turn off okay that might sound a bit

complicated but let's give it a try

so we need an if we are using

conditional statements here so we also

need let's see what else do we need

let's go to robots let's let's focus on

living room first

so if we say if the living if the living

room okay wait right so if we get the

number four and we want this light to

turn on okay so if we receive the number

four on the phone then or it actually

yeah okay fine then we want to set the

digital pin on the Arduino board and

remember it's living room so go to data

and blocks set the living room as hi-hi

means turn at the light on the living

room on we also need another block read

data from hc-05

so we need to check what numbers coming

through the Bluetooth system and if it

gets a number four then we make it high

for the living room okay we're gonna

copy this if we want to say okay if it's

a number one then set the living room as

low okay so you do exactly the same

thing for the bedroom and the dining

room now if it helps just all you have

to do is just right click here and

duplicate duplicate means copy right so

what you have to do is just swap these

out and do it for the dining room and

for the living room but to remember you

want to have a different number for each

room so let's say I think we want four

one five two let's make that smaller

because we need to fit we need to fit

all this on so four one five two and

then we want so now we want to do the is

it the bedroom I think so so let's do

the bedroom

all right so four four and one is four

living room of five and two is four

dining room so it should be six and

three for the bedroom okay

now we're also going to make it so that

we can we want to make a button that we

press that turns on all the lights and a

button that turns off all the lights so

we're gonna make let me see how do we do

this okay so we need to copy this we'll

just copy this one so we're gonna make

it so that if we type the number nine if

we receive the number nine then we want

all the well we want all the lights

actually it's not like this we want all

the lights to be on sorry it should be

bedroom a dining room living room okay

we want all the lights to be on if it

receives the number nine and if it

receives the number zero then we want

all the lights off so in other words all

the lights set to low right

and also what we'll also do as well is

every time we turn a light off and turn

a light on we're going to send a message

to the phone to say if a certain light

is on if a certain light is off just a

double check so what we do is we say

send so we use this every time we have a

light on so let's say for the living

room so I'll just quickly type this and

so living room light on I have to do

this quickly and if you don't want to do

this part you don't need to but I

it just helps it helps me a lot it takes

a bit of time as well but I think it's

worth it so dining room light on dining

room light off and bedroom bedroom light

on and the bedroom light off hangs so we

get all those and then we want one for

all lights on and all lights off will do

this in capital letters so all lights

off and all lights on make sure you put

the right message with the right light

and the right number so let's see living

room light on it will also tell you what

this is for as well it will remind you

so it's very very useful living room

light on dining room light on and this

is where it gets really really long so

just bear with me dining room light on

bedroom light on bedroom light off it's

getting quite long I know all lights on

all lights off okay now I think we're

ready to save so what I'll do is I'll

just call it

just all that lights PCM you can call it

anything you like and now what we want

to do is we want to upload this to our

Arduino contraption so what we have to

do I do have to say that if you want to

upload a program to your Arduino board

you have to make sure that this part is

disconnected so the rx has to be taken

out otherwise you can't upload so you

must take this out and then after you

put the program in then you can put this

back you can try it but it will not

upload you have to take this out so

let's make sure it's connected right and

let's upload

and there we go and we can simply just

put this back great so we have the

contraption we have the program on the

board and now we're ready for the next

part which is to get the phone turning

these lights on now for the final part

we're going to get this phone connected

with the buttons to these lights now if

you remember we installed the Arduino

Bluetooth controller and we have

connected to the Bluetooth module if not

you'll have to get it connected okay now

so what we're gonna do just to make sure

that it actually is working we have to

go to terminal

right now we said that if we type the

number for the bedroom light or sorry

the living room light is going to turn

on so if we put in a number 4 yep this

living room light will turn on I thought

it was this light but now I've got it

wrong but it's okay I mean that's fine

all right and if we want to turn it off

we put type the number 1 and it actually

says on the screen living room light on

living room light off

so you know which light is turning on in

which light is turning off so look

living room light on living room light

off now let's test the other lights

let's try this is dining room light we

can also turn on the other light this is

the bedroom light and this is the living

room light on okay and we can also test

very useful to do testing okay living

room light off dining room light off and

bedroom light off what about all lights

on and all lights off let's give that a

try so if we type number nine it will

say all lights on all three lights light

up if we type zero all lights off

perfect but of course we are not going

to be using the terminal because it's

very cumbersome to have to keep typing

numbers you want to be able to just

press

buttons and have this thing work nobody

wants to use terminal so what we have to

do is we have to use the buttons we have

to program some buttons on this app so

that it corresponds with different

numbers now let me show you so what we

do is first we have to go back okay we

go back to here the button part is see

where it says on/off we have to click on

this one and you've got all of these

buttons okay now let's say for example I

want to I'm sorry right so let's say

we're going to what did we say for this

one we said living room so you can

change the name to living room so on is

number four off is number one so that is

correct if the name is wrong you can

rename it you just hold down the button

and you can you can change the name so

right now it says bedroom 1 it says 6

and 3 now for that one we want to say

this is 4 bedroom no this is the bedroom

actually so let's just we better type it

again

we'll just excuse me so we'll put

bedroom one word and 6 is on and sixes

off so that's good and for this one

because this is not bedroom 2 we want to

change that to dining room so we're

going to type dining room so D I n I and

excuse me not typing it properly so di

ni ng R double O M all right check your

code and just make sure yep dining room

light on dining room light off 5 and 2

respectively all right and here all on

and all office in just a double check

the names right all on is 9 of is 0 ok

now the moment of truth let's see if

this works so alright so let's say ok

I'm in the living room I want the light

on yep it's on great ok I'm in the

living room and I want to turn on the

light in the bedroom and I don't

want to go to the bedroom so I'm going

to get my phone and press bedroom yep it

works I'm not gonna leave I'm gonna

block it a turn it off I'm going to turn

on the dining room well there we go good

okay I can have different combinations

right I could do this this this this

this this and of course I could just do

that and have all lights on or lights

off and so forth

brilliant so that is your smart home

lighting system using Arduino Android

phone brilliant so give it a try and see

how far you get

remember you need to download em block

three it is free just google it and you

can use my extensions online to do the

Bluetooth module programming okay I'm

gonna have to stop it there this video

is long enough so thank you so much for

watching and all the best good luck and

see you soon take care and good bye