PKn Diskusi P.12 (Kedokteran Hewan)

PEMBELAJARAN RJ

23 Nov 202009:13

Summary

TLDRThis presentation focuses on the implementation of presidential and local elections in Indonesia, highlighting democratic values and challenges faced during the electoral process. The group discusses the importance of elections as a tool for democratic governance, issues such as polarization, and the influence of political elites. They also explore the importance of rational voting and reforms to strengthen democracy. The conclusion emphasizes aligning elections with Pancasila principles, ensuring human rights, fairness, and responsible governance to facilitate smooth transitions of power. The presentation closes with a call for transparent and scheduled elections.

Takeaways

😀 Introduction: The presentation is about the implementation of presidential and regional elections in Indonesia, conducted as part of a civic education course.
📜 Group Members: The group consists of Putri Wulandari, Andi Nur Tri, Winarsih Wulan, Tri Agustina Aulia Syafa, and the moderator, Nurafiah Rafiuddin.
🗳️ Direct Elections: Elections are conducted directly as a means to realize a democratic government system in Indonesia.
🗳️ Historical Context: Since the reform era, Indonesia has held four general elections, with the fifth in 2019 being the first simultaneous election of the president and legislative members.
🗳️ Importance of Simultaneous Elections: The need for simultaneous elections resulted from a constitutional review of the 2008 law on presidential elections.
🌐 Democracy and Pancasila: Elections are a means of realizing the values of Pancasila democracy, ensuring fair leadership and providing an evaluation of government performance.
⚖️ Challenges to Democracy: Issues like reduced tolerance and violence in elections highlight conflicts with Pancasila's core values of equality and tolerance.
🚨 Problems in Elections: Challenges such as inadequate democratic consolidation, ineffective democratic pillars, and compromises among political elites have hindered the democratic process.
⚖️ Measures to Prevent Issues: To prevent election-related issues, voters should make rational decisions, focusing on the candidates' mission and achievements, and the election process should ensure proportionality and legal balance.
🔍 Conclusion: Indonesia's direct presidential and regional elections must uphold Pancasila's principles of human rights protection, balancing rights and responsibilities, and ensuring orderly power transitions.

Q & A

What is the title of the presentation mentioned in the script?
-The title of the presentation is 'Pelaksanaan Pilpres dan Pilkada secara Langsung' which translates to 'The Implementation of Direct Presidential and Regional Elections'.
Who are the members of the group presenting?
-The members of the group presenting are Putri Wulandari, Andi Nur Tri, Winarsih Wulan, Tri Agustina Aulia Syafa, and Nurafiah Rafiuddin, who is also the moderator.
What is the significance of the 2019 Indonesian elections?
-The 2019 Indonesian elections were significant because they were the first to hold simultaneous presidential and legislative elections, which attracted public attention due to the political constellation involved.
What does the term 'Pilpres' refer to?
-In the script, 'Pilpres' refers to 'Pemilihan Umum Presiden' or 'Presidential Elections' in English.
What is the role of elections in Indonesia's democratic system according to the script?
-Elections in Indonesia are seen as a means to realize a democratic government, to efficiently use time, and to channel the sovereignty of the people through their participation in politics.
What is the concept of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' mentioned in the script?
-'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' is an Indonesian philosophical concept that emphasizes unity in diversity, suggesting that despite the vast differences in Indonesia, there is a fundamental unity that binds the nation together.
What are some of the problems faced in the implementation of Pilpres and Pilkada as discussed in the script?
-Some problems faced include the incomplete realization of democracy, the separation of legislative and presidential elections being seen as less supportive of effective democracy, issues with the mechanisms and requirements for direct presidential elections, and the tendency for elite compromises that may not align with public interests.
What does the script suggest as a solution to the problems in the implementation of Pilpres and Pilkada?
-The script suggests that changing voter behavior to be more rational, focusing on candidates' missions, past achievements, and proportional presidential selection considering political, legal, and party simplification aspects could help address these issues.
How does the script evaluate the progress of Indonesian democracy since the era of reforms?
-The script evaluates Indonesian democracy as having made progress since the era of reforms, but it is still procedural rather than substantive, indicating that there is room for improvement in the quality and substance of democratic processes.
What is the importance of Pancasila in the context of Indonesian elections as per the script?
-Pancasila, the foundational principles of the Indonesian state, is important in the context of elections as it emphasizes values such as human rights protection, balance between rights and obligations, and responsible freedom, which should guide the conduct of elections.
What is the script's concluding statement about Indonesia's democratic process?
-The script concludes by stating that Indonesia, as a democratic nation implementing direct Pilpres and Pilkada, must adhere to the principles of democracy as outlined in Pancasila, ensuring a smooth transition of power and fair participation of the people.

Outlines

00:00

📢 Introduction to the Presentation

The speaker opens by thanking Allah and introduces the presentation on the direct presidential and local elections (Pilpres and Pilkada) as part of the Citizenship Education course. The group members are introduced, with Nurafiah Rafiuddin acting as the moderator. The introduction highlights the significance of democracy and elections as a means to ensure democratic governance. The speaker transitions to the first discussion, inviting Andien to discuss the conditions of Pilpres and Pilkada in Indonesia.

05:01

🗳️ Overview of Pilpres and Pilkada in Indonesia

Andien explains the evolution of Pilpres and Pilkada in Indonesia since the reform era. Indonesia has held four general elections, which have been recognized globally as a means of expressing the sovereignty of the people through their political participation. The 2019 simultaneous elections, which combined presidential and legislative elections, marked the first time this format was used in Indonesia. The change was a result of judicial review of the 2008 law on presidential elections, based on the Constitution of 1945. This led to simultaneous elections for both president and legislature starting in 2009 and continuing in subsequent elections.

⚖️ Elections as a Manifestation of Pancasila Democracy

Wulan discusses elections as a representation of Pancasila democracy. Elections are not only a sign of successful leadership transitions but also serve as an evaluation of government performance. The discussion emphasizes the importance of diversity in Indonesia, rooted in the principle of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity). However, there has been a decline in tolerance during elections, as evidenced by the rise in violence and conflict, highlighting a deviation from the core values of Pancasila, which uphold equality, rights, and obligations.

⚠️ Issues in Pilpres and Pilkada Implementation

Aulia outlines the challenges in the implementation of Pilpres and Pilkada. First, Indonesia has not fully realized the pillars of democracy, which are crucial for consolidating a strong democratic system. Second, holding separate legislative and presidential elections is considered inefficient. Third, while the Constitution mandates direct elections, laws governing the qualifications and processes for candidates still present challenges. Additionally, elite compromises pose a threat to the democratic process. Lastly, after over two decades of democracy, the focus remains more on procedural aspects than on substantive democratic reforms.

🚨 Preventive Measures for Pilpres and Pilkada Challenges

Putri discusses solutions to prevent recurring problems in Pilpres and Pilkada. One key issue is political polarization, which arises when election debates focus on candidates rather than their policies and past performance. The speaker suggests promoting rational voting based on candidates' missions and achievements. Additionally, a balance between political laws, party simplification, and protecting political diversity is crucial. As a preventive measure against corruption, the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) has provided guidance to candidates and election organizers for the 2020 regional elections.

🔍 Conclusion: Upholding Democratic Principles

The conclusion emphasizes Indonesia’s role as a democratic nation that must adhere to the core values of Pancasila in conducting Pilpres and Pilkada. These values include human rights protection, balancing rights and responsibilities, and ensuring freedom within a moral framework guided by faith in God. The goal is to ensure smooth power transitions through fair and transparent elections. In addition to public participation, the government is responsible for ensuring elections are held on schedule. The presentation concludes with a note of gratitude and apologies for any shortcomings.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Democracy

Democracy refers to a political system in which the power to govern is vested in the hands of the people, typically through elected representatives. In the video, democracy is discussed as the foundation for political participation in elections such as the Pilpres (presidential election) and Pilkada (local elections). It emphasizes the importance of these elections in reflecting the will of the people and ensuring the representation of their interests.

💡Pilpres

Pilpres stands for the Indonesian presidential election, where the president and vice president are elected directly by the people. The video highlights the Pilpres as a significant political event that has drawn public attention, particularly in the 2019 election, where it was held simultaneously with legislative elections, marking a shift in the country's electoral process.

💡Pilkada

Pilkada refers to local elections in Indonesia for regional leaders such as governors, mayors, and regents. In the video, Pilkada is seen as a crucial element of democratic governance at the local level, providing citizens with the opportunity to elect their regional representatives and contribute to the decentralization of power.

💡Pancasila

Pancasila is the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, comprising five principles that emphasize belief in God, humanitarianism, national unity, democracy, and social justice. The video discusses Pancasila as the guiding framework for elections, promoting values such as equality, tolerance, and the protection of human rights during the electoral process.

💡Human Rights

Human rights refer to the basic rights and freedoms to which all individuals are entitled, such as the right to vote and the right to equality. In the video, the protection of human rights is emphasized as a core aspect of democratic elections in Indonesia, ensuring that all citizens have the opportunity to participate in the political process regardless of their background.

💡Partisipasi Politik

Partisipasi Politik, or political participation, refers to the involvement of citizens in the political process, especially through voting in elections. The video emphasizes the importance of political participation in shaping the democratic governance of Indonesia and the role of elections as a key platform for the expression of the people's will.

💡Constitutional Court

The Constitutional Court in Indonesia is the judicial body responsible for reviewing laws and ensuring they comply with the country's constitution. The video mentions the court's role in determining that elections for both the president and the legislature must be held simultaneously, based on a review of the 1945 Constitution and related laws.

💡Kedaulatan Rakyat

Kedaulatan Rakyat, or people's sovereignty, refers to the principle that the ultimate authority in a democratic system lies with the people. The video stresses that elections are a manifestation of this sovereignty, as they allow citizens to choose their leaders and influence the direction of government policies.

💡Polarisasi Politik

Polarisasi Politik, or political polarization, refers to the division of society into distinct political camps, often leading to social tensions and conflict. In the video, political polarization is mentioned as a challenge to Indonesia's democratic elections, where intense competition between candidates can result in deep societal divisions and reduce the focus on substantive political issues.

💡Toleransi

Toleransi, or tolerance, is the acceptance and respect for different opinions, cultures, and identities. The video emphasizes the importance of tolerance in Indonesian elections, particularly in maintaining harmony among the nation's diverse religious, ethnic, and social groups, and preventing violence or conflict during the electoral process.

Highlights

Introduction of the presentation on presidential and regional elections (Pilpres and Pilkada) in Indonesia.

Recognition of Allah's guidance and blessings in enabling the group to present their work.

Democracy is explained as decision-making for the benefit of the people, with elections as a key process for democratic governance.

Indonesia has held four presidential elections since the reform era, with the 2019 elections being particularly significant.

The 2019 elections marked Indonesia's first simultaneous election of the president and legislative members.

The ruling for simultaneous elections stemmed from a 2008 law and Constitutional Court decisions.

Elections are not only a success marker of leadership but also serve as an evaluation of governance and the democratic process.

Challenges such as declining tolerance during elections can contradict the foundational principles of Pancasila, Indonesia’s state philosophy.

Problems in elections include ineffective democracy pillars, and compromise between political elites.

Direct presidential elections are mandated by the Constitution, but mechanisms and requirements are set by the Pilpres Law.

The Indonesian democracy since 1998 has been characterized as more procedural than substantive.

Preventive measures for election issues include fostering rational voter behavior based on candidates' achievements.

Proportionality and balance in political, legal, and party system matters are emphasized for election success.

Efforts to combat corruption in the 2020 simultaneous regional elections involved education for candidates and officials.

The conclusion calls for adherence to Pancasila values and human rights, ensuring a balanced and fair democratic process in Indonesia.