25B. Reactions of Ethanoic Acid
Summary
TLDRThis experiment investigates the reactions of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate, magnesium, and ethanol. Ethanoic acid, a weaker acid compared to common inorganic acids, exhibits typical acid properties. When ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate, it produces carbon dioxide, which turns limewater milky. The reaction with magnesium forms magnesium ethanoate and releases hydrogen gas, causing a popping sound. Lastly, when mixed with ethanol and sulfuric acid as a catalyst, ethanoic acid forms an ester with a fruity smell. These reactions demonstrate the characteristic behavior of carboxylic acids.
Takeaways
- đ§Ș The experiment studies the reactions of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate, magnesium metal, and ethanol.
- đ„Œ Ethanoic acid is weaker than common inorganic acids like sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acid, but still shows typical acidic properties.
- đš Sodium carbonate reacts with ethanoic acid, producing carbon dioxide, which extinguishes a lighted taper.
- đ§ The gas produced in the sodium carbonate-ethanoic acid reaction turns lime water milky, indicating the formation of calcium carbonate (chalk).
- đŹ The reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate forms sodium ethanoate, water, and carbon dioxide.
- ⥠Magnesium metal reacts with ethanoic acid, producing fizzing and releasing hydrogen gas, which causes a popping sound when ignited.
- đ„ The reaction between magnesium and ethanoic acid forms magnesium ethanoate and hydrogen gas.
- đž Ethanol reacts with glacial ethanoic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid (as a catalyst), producing a fruity smell.
- đž The fruity smell results from the formation of ethyl ethanoate, an ester, from the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
- đ These reactions demonstrate that ethanoic acid shows typical carboxylic acid properties when reacting with sodium carbonate, magnesium, and ethanol.
Q & A
What are the substances tested with ethanoic acid in this experiment?
-The substances tested with ethanoic acid are sodium carbonate, magnesium metal, and ethanol.
How does ethanoic acid compare to common inorganic acids like sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acids?
-Ethanoic acid is a far weaker acid compared to common inorganic acids like sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acids, but it is still strong enough to exhibit typical acid properties.
What is observed when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate?
-When ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate, fizzing occurs, and carbon dioxide is released, which extinguishes a lighted taper brought near the mouth of the test tube.
What gas is produced during the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate, and how is this gas confirmed?
-Carbon dioxide gas is produced during the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate, and it is confirmed by passing the gas through lime water, which turns milky due to the formation of calcium carbonate.
What is the chemical equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate?
-The reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate produces sodium ethanoate, water, and carbon dioxide. The equation is: 2CHâCOOH + NaâCOâ â 2CHâCOONa + HâO + COâ.
What happens when magnesium metal reacts with ethanoic acid?
-When magnesium metal reacts with ethanoic acid, fizzing is observed, and a lighted taper produces a mild popping sound due to the release of hydrogen gas.
What causes the popping sound during the reaction between magnesium metal and ethanoic acid?
-The popping sound is caused by the explosive mixture of hydrogen gas and air, which is liberated during the reaction between magnesium metal and ethanoic acid.
What are the products of the reaction between ethanoic acid and magnesium metal?
-The reaction between ethanoic acid and magnesium metal produces magnesium ethanoate and hydrogen gas.
What occurs when ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid?
-When ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, an ester (ethyl ethanoate) is formed, and the contents of the test tube acquire a fruity smell.
What role does sulfuric acid play in the reaction between ethanoic acid and ethanol?
-Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in the reaction between ethanoic acid and ethanol, speeding up the formation of the ester (ethyl ethanoate).
Outlines
đ§Ș Reaction of Ethanoic Acid with Sodium Carbonate
The paragraph explains the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate. Ethanoic acid, while weaker than common inorganic acids, displays typical acidic properties. Sodium carbonate powder is added to ethanoic acid in a test tube, leading to fizzing and carbon dioxide release. The gas extinguishes a lighted taper and turns lime water milky due to the formation of calcium carbonate. The reaction equation shows the formation of sodium ethanoate, water, and carbon dioxide. This is similar to a previous experiment involving carbonate ions.
đŹ Reaction of Ethanoic Acid with Magnesium
This paragraph describes the reaction between ethanoic acid and magnesium metal. Magnesium ribbon is placed in a test tube containing dilute ethanoic acid, resulting in fizzing. A mild popping sound is heard when a lighted taper is brought near the tube. This is due to the formation of hydrogen gas, which creates an explosive mixture with air. The reaction forms magnesium ethanoate and hydrogen gas, with the popping sound explained by the presence of hydrogen.
đ Reaction of Ethanoic Acid with Ethanol
This section covers the reaction between ethanoic acid and ethanol, which leads to the formation of an ester. Ethanoic acid and ethanol are mixed, followed by the addition of concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. After heating the mixture in hot water, the fruity smell of ethyl ethanoate (an ester) is detected. This reaction exemplifies the esterification process, showcasing ethanoic acid's typical behavior as a carboxylic acid.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄEthanoic acid
đĄSodium carbonate
đĄMagnesium
đĄEthanol
đĄCarbon dioxide
đĄLime water
đĄMilkiness
đĄCatalyst
đĄEster
đĄFizzy reaction
đĄMetallic reaction
Highlights
Investigation of ethanoic acid's reactions with sodium carbonate, magnesium, and ethanol.
Ethanoic acid is weaker than sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acids but shows typical acid properties.
Reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate produces fizzing and carbon dioxide gas.
When a lighted taper is brought near the mouth of the test tube with sodium carbonate, the taper is extinguished.
Passing evolved gas through lime water turns it milky, indicating the presence of carbon dioxide.
Reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate forms sodium ethanoate and water.
Lime water turns milky due to calcium carbonate formation from carbon dioxide and lime water reaction.
The reaction of ethanoic acid with magnesium metal results in fizzing and the release of hydrogen gas.
The reaction of ethanoic acid with magnesium forms magnesium ethanoate and liberates hydrogen gas.
The popping sound when a lighted taper is near the test tube is due to hydrogen forming an explosive mixture with air.
Reaction of ethanoic acid with ethanol, using sulfuric acid as a catalyst, results in fruity-smelling ester formation.
Esterification between ethanoic acid and ethanol produces a fruity smell due to ethyl ethanoate.
The experiment demonstrates the typical properties of carboxylic acids reacting with sodium carbonate, magnesium, and ethanol.
The esterification reaction with ethanol is catalyzed by concentrated sulfuric acid and heated in water.
The formation of ethanoate ester is confirmed by the fruity odor of the reaction mixture after heating.
Transcripts
[Music]
experiment to study the reactions of
ethanolic acid with one sodium carbonate
two magnesium and three
ethanol in this experiment we will
investigate the reactions of ethanolic
acid with one sodium carbonate two
magnesium metal and three
ethanol ethanoic acid is a far weaker
acid than the common inorganic acids
such as sulfuric acid hydrochloric acid
and nitric acid
however it is strong enough to show some
typical properties of acids we first
investigate the reaction of ethanoic
acid with sodium
carbonate some sodium carbonate powder
about one spot you load is placed in a
test tube or in a boiling
tube add about one4 of a test tube of
ethanoic acid solution to the sodium
carbonate
powder
note that fizzing takes
place if a lighted taper is brought near
the mouth of the test tube note that the
taper is
extinguished this experiment is repeated
by adding some ethanolic acid to sodium
carbonate in a boiling tube the gas
evolved is passed through lime water
solution
note that the lime water turns a Milky
color from the results of the two
experiments we conclude that carbon
dioxide is given off when ethanolic acid
reacts with sodi s
carbonate the salt sodium ethanoate and
water are formed according to the
equation shown on the
screen the carbon dioxide turns the lime
water milky because calcium carbonate
chalk is formed according to the
equation shown on the
screen you may recall that we have
already carried out a similar experiment
in mandatory experiment 6.1 C when
testing for the presence of the
carbonate and hydrogen carbonate
ions we now investigate the reaction of
ethanoic acid with magnesium
metal a test tube is filled to about one
quter of its capacity with dilute
ethanolic
acid a small length of magnesium ribbon
about 4 cm which which has been cleaned
with sandpaper is added to the ethanolic
acid in the test
tube note that fizzing takes
place a lighted taper is brought near
the mouth of the test
tube note that a mild popping sound is
heard this may be explained by the fact
that ethanolic acid reacts with
magnesium metal to form the salt
magnesium ethanoate and hydrogen gas is
liberated as shown on the
screen hydrogen forms an explosive
mixture with air and this causes the
popping
sound we now investigate the reaction of
ethanolic acid with
ethanol mix 2 cm cubed of ethanol and 1
cm cubed of glacial ethanolic acid in a
test
tube
e
add three drops of concentrated sulfuric
acid to the test tube the sulfuric acid
acts as a catalyst for the reaction
between the ethanoic acid and the
ethanol place the test tube in a beaker
of hot water for about 10 minutes
note that the contents of the test tube
now have a fruity
smell the fruity smell is explained by
the fact that the Esther ethanoate is
formed according to the reaction shown
on the screen we conclude from these
three tests that ethanolic acid shows
the typical properties of carboxylic
acids when reacting with sodium
carbonate magnesium and
[Music]
ethanol this concludes the
experiment
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