Identifikasi Permukiman Tradisional - Identifikasi Elemen Permukiman

Summary

This video lecture delves into the identification of urban elements in West Kalimantan's architecture, focusing on the theoretical study of cities and settlements. It explores the complex relationships between five key elements: nature, humans, society, buildings, and networks. The lecture discusses spatial organization, the physical environment's role, and the interdependence of various spaces. It also covers spatial structure from social, economic, and physical perspectives, and the impact of daily activities and rituals on space. The lecture aims to understand the characteristics of settlements by examining their geographical, historical, and cultural aspects, ultimately identifying the settlement patterns of major ethnic groups in West Kalimantan, such as the Dayak, Malay, and Chinese.

Takeaways

• 🏙️ The lecture discusses urban and rural planning in West Kalimantan, focusing on identifying elements of settlements as described by Doxiadis.
• 🌿 It covers the relationship between five elements: nature (nicer), humans (anthropos), society, buildings (shell), and networks.
• 🔍 The lecture delves into the characteristics of spatial organization, emphasizing the interdependence within spaces and the functional relationships among various objects and people.
• 🏡 It discusses the concept of space structure from three aspects: social structure, economic structure, and physical structure and activities.
• 🌱 The importance of understanding the spatial structure in relation to activities, such as agriculture or hunting, and how these activities form complex systems.
• 🌐 The lecture touches on the impact of space on daily activities and rituals, highlighting the need for an integrative view that considers not just the surface of the earth but also what lies beneath and above.
• 🏞️ It explores the historical development of settlements, including the origins of communities, migrations, and the influences of natural disasters or conflicts on settlement patterns.
• 🗺️ The lecture emphasizes the significance of land use in shaping settlement patterns, including the role of traditional, cultural, and sacred spaces.
• 🏛️ The cultural aspects of settlements are examined through seven elements of culture as outlined by Koentjaraningrat, including social systems, economic activities, religion, knowledge systems, technology, language, and arts.
• 🌟 The final takeaway is about identifying the patterns of settlements in West Kalimantan, particularly among the Dayak, Malay, and Chinese ethnic groups, and understanding how historical interpretations and cultural impacts shape these patterns.

Q & A

What are the five elements of settlement identified by Doxiadis?

The five elements of settlement identified by Doxiadis are: nature (nicer), human (anthropos), society (society), shell (buildings), and network (network).

How does the concept of space (ruang) relate to the organization of various objects and human relationships?

Space (ruang) is fundamentally a physical environment where there is an organizational relationship between various objects and humans within specific areas. It involves a dependency or interconnected relationship among different spaces within a spatial arrangement.

What is the significance of the interdependent processes in the formation of spatial patterns?

The interdependent processes are significant in forming spatial patterns because they involve activities that are specialized in certain areas according to the functional relationships within them, such as the provision of physical space to meet the needs of various activities like living, economic, and social-cultural activities.

How does the concept of space structure relate to social, economic, and physical structures?

Space structure can be viewed from three aspects: social structure, which shows the relationships within a social system; economic structure, which describes the activities conducted by the community or population; and physical structure and activities, which display the physical forms of space identified through the grouping of facilities in a specific location.

What are the three types of activity systems mentioned in the script?

The three types of activity systems mentioned are: individual activity systems, institutional activity systems, and complex systems of activity that involve relationships between various systems of activity, both individual and group.

How does the concept of space culture relate to daily activities or rituals?

Space culture involves the analysis of cultural space to identify the hierarchy of space and the nature of space usage, considering how the hierarchy of activities leads to a hierarchy of spaces and how the nature of activities or the characteristics of usage influence the spatial arrangement.

What is the importance of understanding the historical development of a settlement?

Understanding the historical development of a settlement is important to identify the patterns of change and growth over time, which can be influenced by factors such as migration, natural disasters, diseases, wars, and other historical events.

What are the elements that form the land use of a settlement?

The elements that form the land use of a settlement include water bodies, forests, residential areas, agriculture, infrastructure, empty lands, cemeteries, traditional forest sites, and sacred places.

How does traditional or vernacular society view the significance of 'empty' land?

In traditional or vernacular societies, 'empty' land is significant not only for its physical presence but also for its cultural, social, and religious activities. It may serve as a place for economic activities, cultural practices, and rituals.

What are the seven cultural aspects that influence the settlement pattern of a society according to Koentjaraningrat?

The seven cultural aspects that influence the settlement pattern according to Koentjaraningrat are: social system, institutional system, economic system, religious system, knowledge system, technology system, and language and arts.

How does the interpretation of history and its impact on social and cultural characteristics contribute to the formation of settlement patterns?

The interpretation of history and its impact on social and cultural characteristics, along with the natural environment and land use, contributes to the formation of settlement patterns by influencing the physical structures, building artifacts, open spaces, layout, spatial structure, grouping, distribution, circulation, orientation, and hierarchy within the settlement.