Demokrasi di Indonesia [6]

Summary

The script discusses the democratization process in Indonesia, emphasizing the importance of a strong leader who can protect citizens and fulfill the nation's goals. It highlights the need for a democratic system that elects capable leaders and stresses the historical consequences of unjust rulers. The discussion also covers the democratic election process, including the direct election of the president and vice president, and the mechanisms for impeachment. The script concludes by defining democratization as the application of democratic principles in all political activities, aiming to make democracy a way of life in every aspect of society.

Takeaways

• 🌍 The script discusses the democratization process in Indonesia and the importance of ensuring that freedom is used constructively to avoid counter-democracy.
• 👵 A historical anecdote is shared about Sultan Sulaiman, illustrating the expectation that a leader should protect their people, which is a fundamental aspect of governance.
• 🏛️ The government's role is emphasized as being to serve the people, not to be exclusive or to the benefit of a select few.
• 🗳️ The selection of leaders should be based on democratic principles, including the ability to be moral, knowledgeable, and skilled.
• 🔍 The script questions whether the current processes for choosing public and political officials align with democratic values and Pancasila.
• 👥 The script highlights that a cruel or immoral leader will not bring prosperity to the people but rather suffering.
• 📊 The election process for the president and vice president in Indonesia is detailed, including the requirement for a candidate pair to receive over 50% of the votes and at least 20% in each province.
• 🏛️ The mechanisms for the impeachment of the President and Vice President are outlined, including the involvement of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) and the Constitutional Court.
• 🔄 The script emphasizes that democracy is not a static concept but evolves over time and must be renewed and updated by each generation.
• 🌱 The democratization process is described as gradual and persuasive, requiring a systematic and structured effort to become a way of life in all aspects of society.

Q & A

What is the central topic discussed in the script?

The central topic is the process of democratization in Indonesia and how it impacts the society, governance, and leadership selection within the country.

Why does the speaker reference the story of Sultan Sulaiman al-Qanuni?

The speaker uses the story of Sultan Sulaiman al-Qanuni to illustrate the responsibility of leadership, emphasizing that leaders must protect and serve their people, not the other way around.

What qualities does the speaker believe a good leader should possess?

A good leader, according to the speaker, should be just, moral, knowledgeable, skilled, and democratic. These qualities ensure that the leader can protect and fairly serve the people.

How does the script describe the relationship between freedom and democracy?

The script explains that freedom alone is insufficient without a democratic process. If freedom is not used within a democratic framework, it could lead to anti-democratic outcomes.

What is the significance of historical examples like Amangkurat I and Louis XVI in the script?

These historical examples illustrate how unjust or immoral leaders often meet tragic or humiliating ends, highlighting the importance of fair and just leadership.

What concerns are raised about the electoral process in Indonesia?

The script raises concerns about potential hegemony from certain regions or ethnic groups during elections, as well as the energy-draining nature of simultaneous presidential and legislative elections.

What mechanism is mentioned for removing the president or vice president in Indonesia?

If the president or vice president is accused of breaking the law or failing to meet the required standards, the DPR (People's Representative Council) can propose their removal, which is reviewed by the Constitutional Court and the MPR (People's Consultative Assembly).

What happens if both the president and vice president are unable to serve simultaneously?

If both the president and vice president are unable to serve, the political party or coalition with the most votes in the previous election nominates a candidate, while ministers temporarily hold power.

How is democratization defined in the script?

Democratization is defined as the application of democratic principles to all political and state activities, ensuring the creation of a democratic political life and governance system.

What does the speaker mean by 'democracy as a way of life'?

The speaker emphasizes that democracy should not be limited to elections or political parties, but should be a guiding principle in every aspect of life, including politics, economics, culture, and defense.

Outlines

00:00

🌏 Discussing Democratization in Indonesia

The paragraph discusses the concept of democratization in Indonesia, highlighting the importance of a democratic process beyond just the freedom of expression. It uses a historical anecdote about Sultan Sulaiman to illustrate the need for a strong leader who can protect and serve the people. The speaker emphasizes that a leader must meet certain criteria based on democratic principles, such as being moral, knowledgeable, and skilled. The paragraph also touches on the democratic process of selecting leaders, both political and public officials, and questions whether the current process aligns with Pancasila values. It concludes by discussing the historical consequences for leaders who rule unjustly, suggesting that a just leader is essential for the well-being of the people.

05:01

🗳️ Election Mechanisms and Democratic Transitions

This paragraph delves into the mechanisms of democratic elections, focusing on the requirements for presidential and vice-presidential candidates in Indonesia. It mentions the need for candidates to secure more than 50% of the votes with a minimum of 20% in each province. The discussion then explores the potential for regional hegemony in elections and the rights of citizens to choose their leaders according to legal regulations. The paragraph also covers the direct election of regional leaders and the mechanisms for the impeachment of the President or Vice-President. It outlines the process involving the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) and the Constitutional Court in such cases. The speaker raises the question of whether these mechanisms align with Pancasila democracy and suggests that democracy should be a way of life, not just limited to elections or political parties.

10:03

📚 Concluding Remarks on Democratization

The final paragraph serves as a conclusion to the discussion on democratization. It emphasizes the need for continuous effort to maintain and evolve democratic practices across generations. The speaker suggests that democracy should be ingrained in every aspect of society, including politics, economy, social life, culture, defense, and security. The paragraph ends with a call for further discussion on the implementation of democratization in Indonesia, inviting participants to consider the effectiveness of current efforts and identify areas for improvement.

Keywords

💡Democratization

Democratization refers to the process of making a society more democratic, often involving the expansion of civil liberties and political rights to create a system where citizens can participate in the decision-making process. In the video, democratization is discussed as a process that needs to be actively pursued and not just a byproduct of opening up freedoms. The script mentions that without a proper process, freedoms can be misused contrary to democratic principles.

💡Pancasila

Pancasila is the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, consisting of five principles: belief in one supreme God, just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia, democracy led by inner wisdom, and social justice. It is mentioned in the script as the ideal framework for the implementation of democracy in Indonesia, suggesting that any democratic process should align with these principles.

💡Leader

A leader, as discussed in the video, is someone who guides and directs a group or an organization. The script emphasizes the importance of a leader's ability to protect their people and fulfill certain criteria such as being moral, knowledgeable, and skilled. It contrasts a weak leader who cannot protect their people with a strong one who can nurture and guide them effectively.

💡Election

Election is a process by which citizens choose their representatives or leaders. The script talks about the democratic election process in Indonesia, including the direct election of the president and vice president by the people, as well as the simultaneous legislative elections. It also discusses the requirements and mechanisms for these elections.

💡Accountability

Accountability in the context of the video refers to the responsibility of a leader to be answerable for their actions, especially in relation to the welfare of the people they lead. The script mentions that a leader must act justly and be accountable for their actions towards those they govern, which is a key aspect of a democratic system.

💡Political Party

A political party is an organized group of people who share similar political views and work together to achieve political power and influence. The script mentions that political parties or coalitions of parties propose candidates for president and vice president in the Indonesian elections, highlighting their role in the democratic process.

💡Legislation

Legislation refers to the process of making or enacting laws. The video discusses the legislative requirements for elections, such as the need for a candidate to receive more than 50% of the votes with at least 20% in each province, illustrating how legislation shapes the democratic process.

💡Direct Election

Direct election is a method of electing leaders where voters directly choose their representatives. The script mentions that in Indonesia, governors, mayors, and district heads are democratically elected through direct elections, emphasizing the importance of direct participation of citizens in the democratic process.

💡Impeachment

Impeachment is a legal process by which a legislative body levels charges against a government official, such as a president. The script discusses the mechanism for the impeachment of the president and vice president in Indonesia, including the role of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) and the Constitutional Court in this process.

💡Transition

Transition in the video refers to the period of change from one form of government or leadership to another. The script talks about the transition of power and the mechanisms in place to handle situations where the president and vice president are both unable to perform their duties, such as the nomination of a new vice president by the MPR.

💡Democracy as a Way of Life

Democracy as a way of life is the idea that democratic principles should permeate all aspects of society, not just political processes. The script emphasizes that democracy should be integrated into every facet of life, including economic, social, cultural, and security aspects, to truly become a way of life for both the government and the people.

Highlights

Discussing the democratization process in Indonesia.

The importance of a democratic process post-freedom era.

A story about Sultan Sulaiman and the protection of citizens' rights.

The role of government in fulfilling the nation's purpose.

Leaders must meet certain criteria in a democratic system.

The process of selecting leaders in a democratic manner.

The impact of a cruel and immoral leader on the people's welfare.

Historical examples of leaders who ended their rule unjustly.

The necessity for a leader to act justly towards those they lead.

The role of the system in determining the quality of leaders.

Changes in the constitution affecting the election of the president and vice president.

The 2019 simultaneous presidential and legislative elections.

Requirements for presidential candidates according to regulations.

The concept of hegemony in certain areas and its impact on democracy.

Direct democratic election of regional heads.

Mechanisms for the dismissal of the President and Vice President.

The role of the MPR in deciding on the dismissal of executive leaders.

Procedures if both the President and Vice President are incapacitated.

The concept of democracy as a way of life and its gradual evolution.

The continuous nature of democratization and its transmission across generations.

The need for a systematic and structured effort to achieve democratization.

Transcripts

Halo assalamualaikum warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh Selamat pagi salam sejahtera

bagi kita semua baik kali ini kita akan

membahas tentang demokratisasi

Hai sebuah proses untuk mendemokrasikan

masyarakat Indonesia karena walaupun

kran kebebasan itu dibuka tapi kemudian

Tidak ada proses untuk menjadi

demokratis maka kebebasan itu akan

dipergunakan menjadi kontra demokrasi

Nah ada sebuah kisah di hikmah dalam

humor kisah dan pepatah nah seorang

wanita tua adab Sultan Sulaiman

al-qanuni dia mengadu bahwa tentara

Sultan mencuri ternak domba nya ketika

dia sedang tidur setelah mendengar

pengaduan Itu Sultan Sulaiman berkata

kepada wanita tersebut Seharusnya kamu

menjaga ternak bulan jangan hidup ini

luar biasa ya mendengar perkataan

tersebut wajah tua itu menjawab

dengan saya mengira Baginda menjaga dan

melindungi kami sehingga bisa tidur

dengan Amon itu perlu dimana YouTube

bahwa ya pemerintah itu ada untuk

menjalankan fungsi-fungsinya untuk

mewujudkan tujuan negara jadi ya

seharusnya pemerintah itu pelayan rakyat

Bukan sebaliknya menjadi eksklusif dan

seterusnya nah kisah tadi menunjukkan

seorang pemimpin yang lemah pemimpin

yang tidak bisa melindungi rakyatnya

seorang pemimpin harus memiliki

kemampuan memadai sehingga dia harus dia

mampu mengayomi rakyat dengan baik oleh

karena itu seorang pemimpin harus

memenuhi syarat-syarat tertentu

Berdasarkan sistem demokrasi yang kita

anut suara belum tentu harus beriman dan

bertaqwa bermoral berilmu terampil dan

demokratis Bagaimana proses

crazy di dalam memilih pemimpin-pemimpin

kita baik itu pejabat publik maupun

pejabat politis ya itu silakan di

diskusikan dengan baik untuk melihat

apakah kemudian cara atau prosesnya

sudah demokratis menurut nilai-nilai

Pancasila atau belum karena pemimpin

yang zalim dan tidak bermoral itu tentu

tidak akan mendatangkan Kesejahteraan

Rakyat malah sebaliknya ke melahirkan

penderitaan rakyat tapi ya perlu dilihat

dalam sejarah bahwa mereka yang memimpin

tidak dengan adil mereka yang

sewenang-wenang rakyatnya di akhir-akhir

hidupnya di akhir-akhir kekuasaannya dia

akan memperoleh kehinaan dan retail

seperti Amangkurat 1 misalnya meninggal

di tempat pelarian dengan amat

mengenaskan Raja Louis ke-16

Hai rakyat Iran di Prancis itu mati di

pisau pemotong hewan oleh masa Adolf

Hitler juga begitu dan ada banyak

pemimpin yang lain yang berakhir dengan

mengenaskan Nam sehingga seorang

pemimpin itu harus bisa berlaku adil

karena yang dimintai

pertanggungjawabannya seorang pemimpin

itu adalah bagaimana dia berlaku adil

terhadap mereka yang dipimpinnya nah

sebenarnya sistem atau rekrutmen

pemimpin itu juga sangat menentukan

Bagaimana lahirnya seorang pemimpin yang

berkualitas ya pemimpin yang kapabel ya

terhadap tugas-tugasnya itu juga sangat

ditentukan oleh sistem yang terbentuknya

Bagaimana penerapan demokrasi dalam

pemilihan pemimpin politik dan pejabat

negara kita kalau kita bicara pemilihan

presiden dan wakil presiden itu kan

dalam konstitusi kita setelah amandemen

itu ada perubahan

Hai bahwa presiden dan wakil presiden

itu dipilih dalam satu pasangan secara

langsung oleh rakyat diusulkan oleh

partai politik atau gabungan partai

politik peserta pemilu sebelum Pemilu

Nah dengan pemilu 2019 kemarin dimana

Pemilu presiden dan pemilu legislatif

itu bersamaan lalu kemudian ada berbagai

persyaratan menurut aturan

perundang-undangan itu banyak dilihat

sebagai sesuatu yang apa namanya yang

begitu menguras energi karena ada banyak

proses berlangsung secara bersamaan yang

edisi dikatakan bahwa pemenang itu

mendapatkan suara lebih dari 50% jumlah

suara dalam pemilu dengan sedikitnya 20%

di setiap provinsi yang tersebar di

lebih dari seperdua jumlah provinsi jadi

ya ini

ini juga Jadi pertanyaan kalau kemudian

Demikian Ya bisa jadi akan ada hegemoni

dari wilayah-wilayah tertentu dari apa

namanya etnis tertentu padahal setiap

warga negara itu berhak untuk dipilih

memilih sesuai dengan aturan

perundang-undangan tentu kemudian Eh

kalau gubernur bupati Walikota atau

dipilih secara demokratis tapi akhirnya

kemudian ada pemilihan kepala daerah

juga secara langsung kemudian ada

pemberhentian Presiden dan atau Wakil

Presiden ini juga ada mekanismenya dan

kalau kemudian dianggap bahwa presiden

dan atau Wakil Presiden itu telah

melakukan pelanggaran hukum atau

dianggap tidak memenuhi syarat untuk

untuk melanjutkan maka kemudian DPR bisa

mengajukan

dan mahkamah konstitusi mahkamah

konstitusi yang jumlahnya sembilan orang

itu bersidang untuk memutuskan Apakah

terbukti atau tidak terbukti setelah itu

kemudian dibawa ke DPR kalau terbukti

kalau tidak berarti berhenti kalau gua

ke MPR bisa jadi MPR memutuskan apakah

diterima usulan DPR itu atau tidak Kalau

tidak diterima berarti presiden dan atau

Wakil Presiden itu menjabat seterusnya

kalau tidak mengerti akan ada pemilihan

diberhentikan Presiden dan atau Wakil

Presiden ini nah bagaimana kalau wakil

presidennya yang berhalangan tetap

terjadi kekosongan wakil presiden maka

ia mengajukan dua calon itu adalah

presiden selambat-lambatnya enam puluh

hari penyelenggaraan Sidang MPR untuk

memilih wakil presiden RI

Hai bagaimana kalau dua-duanya

berhalangan tetap secara bersamaan tentu

ada mekanisme untuk itu ya jadi parpol

atau gabungan parpol yang pasangan calon

presiden dan wapres nya meraih suara

terbanyak pertama dalam memilih

sebelumnya itu mengusulkan nomor urut 2

juga mengusulkan baru kemudian MPR yang

memilih tapi ya di dalam masa transisi

itu siapa yang memegang kekuasaan nya

ada menteri dalam negeri dan menteri

luar negeri dan ada menteri pertahan Nah

selanjutnya Apakah ini sudah sesuai

tidak sesuai dengan demokrasi Pancasila

silakan nanti di diskusikan kemudian

selanjutnya demokratisasi jadi

demokratisasi itu adalah penerapan

kaidah-kaidah atau prinsip-prinsip

demokrasi pada setiap kegiatan politik

kenegaraan untuk terbentuknya kehidupan

politik yang bercirikan demokrasi atau

proses menegakkan

ini demokrasi sehingga sistem demokratik

demokratis dapat terbentuk secara

bertahap demokrasi sebagai pandangan

hidup demokrasi sebagai away of life

jadi demokrasi itu tidak datang begitu

saja dia akan tumbuh dan berkembang

dengan sendirinya dalam kehidupan

bermasyarakat berbangsa dan bernegara

tapi harus diupayakan jadi walaupun

kerang kebebasan itu dibuka kita akan

bisa juga demokratis kalau tidak

diupayakan jadi demokrasi itu memerlukan

usaha nyata jadi harus masif sistematis

terstruktur ya bagaimana demokratisasi

itu dilakukan jadi usaha nyata Setiap

warga dan perangkat pendukungnya budaya

yang kondusif sebagai manifestasi dari

suatu menset kerangka berpikir dan

setting Society rancangan masyarakat

sehingga bentuk konkrit dari manifestasi

itu adalah dijadikannya demokrasi

sebagai way of life pandangan

dalam seluk beluk sendi kehidupan

bernegara baik oleh rakyat maupun oleh

pemerintah karena demokrasi itu bukan

hanya persoalan Pemilu demokrasi itu

bukan hanya persoalan partai politik

demokrasi itu harus ada di setiap sadis

di kehidupan di setiap aspek kehidupan

baik itu di aspek politik ekonomi sosial

budaya pertahanan keamanan dalam seluruh

aspek kehidupan kita sehingga kemudian

dia menjadi sebuah way of life kalau

kita bicara karakteristiknya

ini dia berlangsung evolusioner jadi dia

step by step secara bertahap kemudian

perubahannya persuasif tidak represif

Hai kemudian demokratisasi itu tidak

pernah selesai di harus diturunkan dari

generasi ke generasi dari waktu ke waktu

sambil kemudian membaharui seperti apa

yang ideal untuk sebuah negara tapi

kerangka dasarnya sesuai dengan

Pancasila dan undang-undang dasar ya

bagaimana upaya untuk melaksanakan

demokratisasi di Indonesia itu silakan

ada identifikasi untuk kita diskusikan

di pekan-pekan diskusi baik saat ini

cukup untuk materi kita kali ini Terima

kasih salamualaikum warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh