READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY - CUSTOMS OF THE TAGALOGS (BSN)
Summary
TLDRMiguel Juan de Placentia, a Spanish Franciscan friar, arrived in the Philippines in 1578 and played a pivotal role in the early missionary efforts. He founded towns in Luzon and authored religious and linguistic works, including the 'Doctrina Christiana,' the first book printed in the Philippines in 1593. This book, written in Spanish and Tagalog, aimed to facilitate the spread of Christianity and provide a linguistic bridge between the Spanish and the natives. It contains biblical passages, the Ten Commandments, and details about the pre-colonial Tagalog society, including their legal system, religion, and social structure. The book also sheds light on the attire, inheritance customs, and spiritual beliefs of the time, offering a window into the rich cultural tapestry of the pre-colonial Philippines.
Takeaways
- đ Miguel Juan de Placentia was a Spanish Franciscan friar who arrived in the Philippines in July 1578 as part of the first group of Franciscan missionaries.
- đ° He founded numerous towns in Luzon and authored several religious and linguistic books, significantly contributing to the cultural and religious landscape of the region.
- đ His most notable work, 'Doctrina Christiana', is the first book ever printed in the Philippines, showcasing his efforts to promote understanding between the Spanish and the native population.
- đšâđ©âđ§âđŠ Born in the early 16th century, Placentia was one of seven children and came from a background where his father was a captain of a Spanish schooner.
- đ 'Doctrina Christiana', written in 1593, is a bilingual text in Spanish and Tagalog, using the Roman alphabet and Baybayin script, reflecting the linguistic diversity and educational efforts of the time.
- đïž The book contains basic biblical teachings, including the Lord's Prayer, Hail Mary, the Ten Commandments, and the sacraments of the Holy Church, aimed at introducing Christianity to the local population.
- đ The use of Baybayin script in the book is a testament to the pre-colonial Philippine culture and the narrative of the community that existed before Spanish colonization.
- đĄ The script also provides insights into the early legal system, social relationships, and forms of government among the Tagalogs, as well as their pre-colonial religion and beliefs.
- đđ It describes traditional Filipino attire and social customs, such as the use of different colors in clothing to denote social status and the practice of elevating houses for protection.
- đź The text mentions various local spiritual practices and beliefs, including the roles of different spiritual leaders and the influence of Spanish missionaries in reshaping these beliefs.
Q & A
Who was Miguel Juan de Placentia?
-Miguel Juan de Placentia was a Spanish friar of the Franciscan order and one of the first group of Franciscan missionaries who arrived in the Philippines in July 1578.
What significant contribution did Miguel Juan de Placentia make to the Philippines?
-Miguel Juan de Placentia founded numerous towns in Luzon and authored several religious and linguistic books, including the 'Doctrina Christiana', which is the first book ever printed in the Philippines.
Where was Miguel Juan de Placentia born?
-He was born in the early 16th century in Puerto Guerrero in Placentia, in the region of Extremadura, Spain.
What was the purpose of the books written by Miguel Juan de Placentia?
-The books were primarily designed to promote the understanding of the Spanish language among the natives and the local languages among the missionaries to facilitate the task of spreading Christianity.
What is the 'Doctrina Christiana' and why is it significant?
-The 'Doctrina Christiana', written in 1593, is believed to be the first book printed in the Philippines. It is significant as it was one of the first books produced in the European tradition in the Philippines and contains basic biblical texts along with the ten commandments and sacraments of the Holy Church.
Where can the only known extant copy of 'Doctrina Christiana' be found?
-The only known extant copy of 'Doctrina Christiana' can be found in the Lessing J. Rosenwald Collection in the Rare Book and Special Collections Division of the Library of Congress.
What languages are used in the 'Doctrina Christiana'?
-The 'Doctrina Christiana' consists of texts in Spanish and Tagalog, with the Tagalog transliterated into Roman letters.
How does the 'Doctrina Christiana' reflect the pre-colonial Philippine culture?
-The use of ancient Baybayin script in some parts of the book reminds us of the existence of pre-colonial Philippine culture and bears witness to the narrative of the Philippine community that existed even prior to the arrival of the Spanish colonizers.
What does the first chapter of 'Doctrina Christiana' discuss?
-The first chapter of 'Doctrina Christiana' discusses the earliest recorded legal system of the country, detailing the social relationships of the Tagalogs and their form of government.
What does the second section of 'Doctrina Christiana' revolve around?
-The second section revolves around the pre-colonial religion and beliefs of the people, primarily their form of worship.
What were the typical materials used for houses in pre-colonial Philippines?
-The houses were typically made of light materials like wood, bamboo, and nipa, and were often elevated from the ground for protection against enemies and wild animals.
Outlines
đ Early Spanish Missionary Work in the Philippines
Miguel Juan de Placentia, a Spanish Franciscan friar, was part of the first group of missionaries to arrive in the Philippines in July 1578. He dedicated his life to missionary work, establishing towns in Luzon and authoring significant religious and linguistic texts. His most notable work, 'Doctrina Christiana,' printed in 1593, is the first book ever printed in the Philippines. Born in Placentia, Spain, in the early 16th century, Placentia aimed to facilitate the spread of Christianity by writing books that promoted understanding of the Spanish language among the natives and local languages among missionaries. 'Doctrina Christiana,' written in Spanish and Tagalog, is a 74-page text containing basic biblical teachings, the Ten Commandments, and sacraments of the Holy Church. It also features the use of the ancient Baybayin script, reflecting the pre-colonial Philippine culture and providing insights into the Tagalogs' social relationships, government, and religious beliefs.
đĄ Pre-Colonial Filipino Culture and Traditions
The script describes the architectural and cultural aspects of pre-colonial Filipino society. Houses were made of light materials like wood, bamboo, and nipa, elevated from the ground for protection against enemies and wild animals. Ladders were used for access, and when not in use, were placed to deter intruders. Traditional male attire included the putong, kangan, and bahag, with the kangan indicating social status and the number of enemies killed. Female attire consisted of the baro or kamisa and the saya, a long skirt, with some women wearing a tapis, a piece of cloth on top of the skirt. Both men and women wore ornaments for attractiveness and status. Inheritance was patrilineal, with the first son inheriting the chieftain's position, or the eldest daughter in the absence of male heirs. The script also discusses the roles of spiritual and cultural figures, such as the catalonian, a respected position held by people of rank, and the mangaway, a witch who pretended to heal the sick. It touches upon the practices of love spells and potions, reflecting the rich and complex belief systems of the time.
đź Filipino Folklore and Spiritual Beliefs
This paragraph delves into the spiritual beliefs and practices of early Filipinos, including the concept of the gyuma, a love spell, and the gummagamit, a person of high standing who was not allowed to fulfill certain functions. It also mentions the Spanish mission's efforts to cleanse the lands of pagan beliefs and the influence of the Catholic mindset on the local population. The Spanish were successful in eliminating the belief in deities and empowering spiritual leaders, reflecting the cultural and religious transformation that occurred during the early period of Spanish colonization.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄFranciscan Order
đĄPhilippines
đĄDoctrina Christiana
đĄTagalog
đĄPre-colonial Philippine Culture
đĄBaybayin
đĄLegal System
đĄInheritance
đĄAttire
đĄSpiritual Beliefs
Highlights
Miguel Juan de Placentia was a Spanish friar and one of the first Franciscan missionaries in the Philippines.
He founded numerous towns in Luzon and authored religious and linguistic books.
Placentia's most notable work is 'Doctrina Christiana', the first book printed in the Philippines.
Born in the early 16th century, Placentia was from the region of Extremadura, Spain.
His books aimed to facilitate the understanding of Spanish and local languages for spreading Christianity.
'Doctrina Christiana' was written in 1593 and is the first book in the European tradition in the Philippines.
The only known extant copy of 'Doctrina Christiana' is in the Library of Congress.
The book contains basic biblical texts, the Ten Commandments, and sacraments of the Holy Church.
It includes the use of ancient Baybayin script, reflecting pre-colonial Philippine culture.
The book details the earliest recorded legal system and social relationships of the Tagalogs.
It discusses pre-colonial religion and beliefs, including forms of worship and local deities.
Historical information on housing materials and construction to prevent intrusion and animal attacks.
Descriptions of traditional male and female attire, including the significance of colors and materials.
Ornaments are mentioned as decorative objects enhancing the appearance and status of individuals.
Inheritance practices where the first son or eldest daughter inherits the position of the barangay chieftain.
Descriptions of spiritual and religious roles such as the 'sambon' and 'manga-way', and their impact on society.
The Spanish mission's efforts to eliminate local beliefs and empower Christian spiritual leaders.
Transcripts
miguel juan de placentia was a spanish
friar of the franciscan order
he was among the first group of
franciscan missionaries who arrived in
the philippines on july to 1578. he
spent most of his missionary life in the
philippines
where he founded numerous towns in luzon
and authored several religious and
linguistic books
most notably the doctrine of questiona
which is the first book ever printed
in the philippines juan de placentia was
born in the early 16th century
as one puerto guerrero in placentia in
the region of extra madura spain
he was one of the seven children of
pedro puerto guerrero
captain of a spanish schooner
juan de placentia wrote a number of
books designed primarily to promote the
understanding of both the spanish
language among the natives
and the local languages among the
missionaries to facilitate the task of
spreading christianity
doctrina christiana spanish for
christian doctrine
or the teachings of christianity is
believed to be the first
book printed in the philippines written
in
1593 by juan de placencia
one of the first books produced in the
european tradition in the philippines
and the only known extant copy in the
world can be found
in the lasting jane rosenwald collection
in the rare book and special collection
division
of the library of congress consisting of
74 pages
of the texts in spanish tagalog
transliterated
into roman letters and tagalog in
original by bayenscript
the doctrina christiana was printed in
the philippines in 1593
as a part of the effort to introduce
christianity
it contains basic biblical attacks
including the lord's prayer
hail mary and the salvation as well as
the ten commandments
and the sacraments of the holy church
the use
of ancient by buying script in the some
part of the book
likewise remind all of us of the
existence of
pre-colonial philippine culture it bears
witness
to the narrative of the philippine
community that existed
even prior to the arrival of the spanish
colonizers
the first chapter tackled the earliest
recorded legal system
of the country detailing the social
relationship of the tagalogs
and their form of government the second
section revolved the pre-colonial
religion and beliefs
of the people primarily their form of
worship
among spaniards
[Music]
the houses before were made of light
materials
like wood bamboo and nippapon
the ladder was placed to prevent
strangers from
intruding when the owner of the house
was not around
most of the houses before are elevated
from the ground
to protect themselves against their
enemies are from being
attacked by wild animals
male attire was composed of putong
kangan
and bahag potong is a headgear that
symbolizes the number of persons
tawer had killed kangan
is a jacket with short sleeves that
indicates trunk
they wear red kangan for chief
and black or blue for the hominers
is used to cover the lower part of the
body
or the male genitalia female attire was
consisted of
baro or kamisa it is a jacket with
sleeves
and sai are pata john it is a long skirt
some woman wore a piece of red or white
gloss
on top of their skirt called tapis
ornaments are decorative objects
or detail that adds quality or
distinction to a person
place or thing men and women
wore ornaments to look attractive
inheritance
the first son of the barangay chieftain
inherits his father's position
if the first son dies the second son
succeeds their father in the absence of
male hers
it is the eldest daughter that becomes
the chief thing
[Music]
[Music]
called sambon
my adult insanity
the distinctions among the priests of
the devil
the first called catalonian as above
stated
was either a man or a woman this office
was an honorable one among the natives
and was held ordinarily by people
of rank this rule being general
in all the islands the second called
mangaway
a witch who deceives by pretending to
heal the sick
many salat applies remedies to allowers
that will make them abandon their own
wives
it means fire from himself at night
isan gabi means
described the creature they make love
potions for the sole purpose of infusing
love
to a certain person being targeted today
the gyuma is known as a filipino love
spell
to help the love lives of those with
lonely or broken hearts
gummagamit
it was not lawful for the functions of
this office to be fulfilled by others
than people of highest standing
kalimitang ginagawa
at makikita
a man his nature inclined toward that of
a woman
due to placentia's catholic mindset and
the spanish mission
to cleanse the lands of hathans early
filipinas were trained
forced or convinced to associate some of
these
beings the spanish were successful in
eliminating the belief in deities
and empowering the spiritual leaders
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