Cleft Speech 2 - Evaluation

Summary

In this educational video, Dr. James Seaward, a pediatric plastic and cleft surgeon, discusses speech errors in children with clefts. He differentiates between resonance and articulation errors, explaining how the former involves excess nasal airflow and often requires surgery, while the latter is due to incorrect positioning of speech organs. Dr. Seaward highlights common articulation issues related to teeth, jaw position, and compensatory errors. He introduces the role of speech pathologists in assessing and recommending treatments, such as bone grafting, orthodontics, or speech therapy. The video concludes with a teaser for the next installment, which will cover speech imaging studies to determine the need for surgery.

Takeaways

• 👨‍⚕️ James Seaward is a pediatric plastic and cleft surgeon at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas.
• 🗣️ Speech errors in children with clefts can be categorized into resonance and articulation errors.
• 🌀 Resonance errors involve an inappropriate amount of air escaping from the mouth or nose, often requiring surgical intervention.
• 👄 Articulation errors occur when children use incorrect positions of their lips, tongue, and teeth to produce sounds.
• 🦷 Dental issues, such as missing teeth and gaps in the upper jaw, can lead to articulation errors, often improving with bone grafting and orthodontic treatment.
• 🔄 Jaw position discrepancies can affect the production of certain sounds, with treatment potentially involving orthodontic or orthopedic interventions.
• 💡 Compensatory articulation errors arise as children learn new ways to make sounds to compensate for other speech issues.
• 👩‍🏫 Cleft team speech pathologists play a crucial role in evaluating speech errors and recommending appropriate treatments, such as speech therapy or surgery.
• 🎥 Speech imaging studies are conducted to determine if surgery would benefit a child's speech and to decide on the most suitable operation.
• 🔗 For more information about Dr. Seaward and his practice, visit his website at www.drseaward.org.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video by James Seaward?

The main topic of the video is discussing different types of speech errors in children born with a cleft and how they are evaluated and treated to help them achieve normal speech.

What is the role of James Seaward in the context of the video?

James Seaward is a pediatric plastic and cleft surgeon at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas, and he is discussing the evaluation and treatment of speech errors in children with clefts.

What is the difference between resonance and articulation speech errors as mentioned in the video?

Resonance errors involve an inappropriate amount of air coming out of the mouth or nose for the sounds the child is trying to make, often due to too much air escaping through the nose. Articulation errors are caused by the child using the wrong position of their lips, tongue, and teeth for the sounds they are trying to make.

Why might children with a cleft have resonance speech errors?

Children with a cleft may have resonance speech errors because of the structural differences in their facial anatomy, which can cause too much air to escape through the nose, affecting the quality of their speech sounds.

How do dental issues contribute to articulation errors in children with clefts?

Dental issues such as missing teeth at the location of the cleft and a gap in the bony arch of the upper jaw can make it difficult for children to create the correct airflow for certain sounds, like 'f' and 'v', leading to articulation errors.

What role does the jaw position play in articulation errors for children with clefts?

The jaw position can affect articulation because certain sounds require the tongue to touch the roof of the mouth behind the top teeth. If the upper jaw grows slower or is positioned behind the lower jaw, it can be challenging for children with clefts to produce sounds like 't' and 'd' correctly.

What is the third type of articulation error mentioned in the video?

The third type of articulation error is compensatory errors, which occur when children learn new ways to make sounds to compensate for another speech error, such as a resonance error or other articulation errors.

How do speech pathologists contribute to the evaluation of speech errors in children with clefts?

Speech pathologists listen to children with clefts to determine the type of speech errors they have. They may recommend speech therapy or arrange for speech imaging if they suspect a resonance problem.

What is the purpose of speech imaging in the context of evaluating speech errors in children with clefts?

Speech imaging is used to determine whether a child would benefit from surgery to help with speech and to decide which operation is most appropriate for the individual child.

What are the potential treatments for resonance and articulation errors in children with clefts as discussed in the video?

Potential treatments for resonance errors may include surgery, while articulation errors might improve with bone grafting, orthodontic treatment, or speech therapy.

How can viewers get more information about James Seaward and his practice?

Viewers can get more information about James Seaward and his practice by visiting his website at www.drseaward.org.