Kurikulum Merdeka : Sejarah (Kelas X) || Manusia, Ruang, dan Waktu

PKBM TANDA GENAP

13 May 202309:40

Summary

TLDRThis educational video script introduces the concept of 'free learning curriculum' and encourages students to embrace their studies with gratitude and prayer. It delves into the history of Indonesia, using coffee as a metaphor to explore the impact of colonial-era forced cultivation systems. The script emphasizes the importance of historical study, explaining the etymology and significance of 'history' in various languages. It introduces Herodotus as the 'Father of History' and discusses the benefits of a historian's collaboration with linguists and archaeologists. The video also explains the analytical approaches of 'diachronic' and 'synchronic' thinking in historical studies, highlighting their importance in understanding past events and societal contexts.

Takeaways

📚 The script introduces a learning video about the implementation of a creative, active, and independent learning curriculum.
🎓 It addresses the students as participants in PKBM and expresses confidence in their potential to become great learners.
🙏 The video encourages students to start the lesson with a prayer according to their beliefs for beneficial knowledge.
🌏 The script discusses the importance of history as a discipline, starting with an example about the popularity of coffee in Indonesia and its historical context.
🌋 Indonesia's geographical location in the Pacific Ring of Fire is highlighted, explaining the country's frequent natural disasters.
🔍 The script emphasizes the role of history in understanding past events and drawing conclusions from them, such as the eruption of Krakatoa in 1883.
📝 The term 'history' is explored in various languages, including its origin from the Arabic word 'syajaratun' meaning 'tree trunk' and its English and Greek counterparts.
👨‍🏫 Herodotus, known as the 'Father of History,' is mentioned for his scientific approach to historical writing, marking the beginning of historical studies.
🤔 The benefits of collaboration between historians and language experts, as well as historians and archaeologists, are discussed to understand the origins of history.
🕰 The concepts of 'diachronic' and 'synchronic' thinking in history are introduced, explaining their importance in understanding historical events and contexts.
🗓️ 'Diachronic' thinking is associated with 'chronology,' focusing on the sequence of events over time, while 'synchronic' thinking emphasizes the simultaneous occurrence of events in space.

Q & A

What is the main theme of the video script?
-The main theme of the video script is the introduction to the study of history, focusing on the importance of understanding the past through the lens of historical events, human life, and societal development in Indonesia.
What is the significance of the coffee example in the script?
-The coffee example is used to illustrate how historical knowledge can help explain the origins and development of cultural practices, such as the introduction and integration of coffee in Indonesian society during the colonial era.
How does the script describe Indonesia's geographical location in relation to natural disasters?
-The script describes Indonesia as being situated on a seismic belt, surrounded by three tectonic plates: the Eurasian Plate, the Pacific Plate, and the Indian-Australian Plate, which is why it is known as the 'Ring of Fire' and experiences frequent natural disasters.
What is the etymology of the word 'history' in the Indonesian language?
-In Indonesian, the word 'history' is derived from the Arabic word 'syajaratun', which means 'tree trunk', and it encompasses the meanings of origins, genealogy, and actual events that occurred in the past.
Who is considered the 'Father of History' according to the script?
-Herodotus is considered the 'Father of History' for his work on the history of the Greco-Persian Wars, which utilized various historical sources and met scientific procedures, making him a pioneer in historical writing.
What does the script suggest as the benefits of studying history?
-Studying history is suggested to enhance scientific literacy, such as developing skills in finding sources, verifying them, and interpreting historical events, which contributes to a better understanding of the past.
What is the importance of collaboration between historians and linguists in understanding the origins of history?
-Collaboration between historians and linguists is important for understanding the origins of history as it helps in deciphering ancient texts and languages, providing a more accurate interpretation of historical events.
What is the difference between 'diachronic' and 'chronological' thinking in history?
-Diachronic thinking involves understanding events in the process of time, considering the background and context of historical events, while chronological thinking is about arranging events in the order of their occurrence.
What is 'synchronic' thinking in the context of history?
-Synchronic thinking focuses on the spatial aspect of events, considering the simultaneous occurrence of events without necessarily focusing on their sequence in time, allowing for a detailed explanation of the context or situation of a society.
How can the concepts of 'diachronic' and 'synchronic' thinking be applied in understanding historical events?
-The concepts of 'diachronic' and 'synchronic' thinking can be applied to understand the interconnectedness of events over time (diachronic) and the context or conditions of a society at a particular moment (synchronic), providing a comprehensive view of historical events.
What is the script's final message to the learners?
-The script encourages learners to continue being great, active, creative, and independent in their learning journey, and to ask questions or share confusions in the comment section for further clarification.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Creative and Independent Learning

This paragraph introduces the video on the implementation of a creative and active self-learning curriculum. It begins with a congratulatory message to the students who have joined PKBM, expressing confidence in their potential to excel. The script encourages students to remain motivated and thankful to God for their health and faith. It suggests starting the learning session with a prayer according to individual beliefs for beneficial knowledge. The video is about the history of Indonesia, focusing on the human aspect and the concept of space and time in class 10, chapter 1. It poses a question about how human life and society have evolved over time and invites students to listen to the explanation of the material provided.

05:00

🌏 Understanding the Historical Context of Coffee in Indonesia

This section delves into the historical context of coffee in Indonesia, exploring its introduction and its relation to the forced cultivation system during the colonial era between 1830 and 1870. It also discusses Indonesia's geographical location within the Pacific Ring of Fire, surrounded by three tectonic plates, which makes the country prone to natural disasters like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The paragraph uses the example of the Krakatoa eruption in 1883 to illustrate the importance of historical study in understanding past events and their impact on the present. The material introduces the concept of history, its definition in the Indonesian language, and its significance in tracing the origins and events of the past. It also mentions Herodotus, known as the 'Father of History,' and emphasizes the benefits of studying history, such as developing scientific skills like source analysis and interpretation.

🤝 Collaboration in Historical Research

This paragraph emphasizes the importance of collaboration between historians and experts in various fields, such as linguistics and archaeology, to better understand the origins and development of history. It discusses the significance of interdisciplinary cooperation in providing a more comprehensive understanding of historical events and contexts. The material also introduces the concepts of diachronic and synchronic thinking in historical studies, explaining how these approaches help in analyzing events across time (diachronic) and in the context of their contemporary environment (synchronic). The paragraph encourages students to think both ways to avoid misinterpretations and to provide a detailed explanation of historical events, considering the broader social and cultural context.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Active Learning

Active learning refers to a teaching method where students are engaged in the learning process through activities, discussions, and reflections. In the context of the video, active learning is encouraged as a way to achieve the educational goals of creativity and self-reliance. The script mentions that students should be 'aktif kreatif dan mandiri', which translates to 'active, creative, and independent', emphasizing the importance of active learning in the educational process.

💡Historical Science

Historical science, or 'ilmu sejarah' in Indonesian, is the study of past events and the development of societies. The video script introduces the concept by discussing how historical science helps understand the origins and development of human societies, such as the history of coffee in Indonesia and its connection to the forced cultivation system during the colonial era. The script also mentions the importance of historical science in tracing the development of human societies back to ancient times.

💡Cultural Heritage

Cultural heritage encompasses the traditions, values, and historical artifacts that contribute to a society's identity. In the video, the script touches upon the cultural significance of coffee in Indonesia, which is an example of cultural heritage. The historical context of coffee's introduction and its integration into Indonesian society reflects the broader theme of cultural heritage and its preservation.

💡Colonial System

The colonial system refers to the historical period when a nation or power exerted control over other territories, often for economic or political gain. The script mentions the forced cultivation system ('sistem tanam paksa') that occurred in Indonesia between 1830 and 1870, illustrating the impact of colonial systems on local economies and societies.

💡Pacifist Ring of Fire

The term 'Pacifist Ring of Fire' is used in the script to describe the geographical location of Indonesia, which is situated along a seismic belt known for its high volcanic and earthquake activity. This term is significant in the video as it sets the stage for discussing natural events that have shaped the history and geography of the region.

💡Historical Research

Historical research is the process of investigating and analyzing past events to understand their significance and context. The video script emphasizes the importance of historical research in learning about the past, such as studying the history of human societies and their development over time. It is a core method in the field of historical science.

💡Diakronic and Synchronic Thinking

Diakronic and synchronic thinking are two approaches to understanding historical events. Diakronic thinking involves looking at events across time, considering their evolution and development, while synchronic thinking focuses on events as they occur simultaneously in a specific period. The script explains these concepts as methods to analyze historical events, emphasizing their importance in understanding the complexity of historical narratives.

💡Kronology

Kronology, derived from the Greek words 'kronos' meaning time and 'logos' meaning study, is the study of the chronological order of events. In the script, kronology is mentioned as a tool to help organize historical events in their correct sequence, which is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of history.

💡Periodization

Periodization is the division of history into distinct time periods based on significant events or changes. The script uses the term 'periodisasi' to describe how historical time is segmented to better understand the progression of events and the context in which they occurred.

💡Interpretation

Interpretation in the context of historical science refers to the analysis and explanation of historical events, sources, and artifacts to derive meaning and understanding. The script mentions 'interprestasi' as a part of the process of historical research, indicating the importance of interpreting historical sources to construct a narrative of the past.

💡Causality

Causality is the relationship between an event (the cause) and a consequence or result (the effect). The script discusses the importance of understanding causality in historical analysis, particularly in explaining the connections between events, their causes, and their effects, which is essential for a comprehensive understanding of history.

Highlights

Introduction to the video on implementing creative and active self-learning curriculum.

Welcome and motivation for students at PKBM, emphasizing the importance of being a great student.

The significance of gratitude towards God for health and faith before starting lessons.

The importance of prayer for beneficial knowledge according to individual beliefs.

Beginning of the history lesson for 10th-grade students focusing on human, space, and time.

A question about the coffee culture in Indonesia and its historical context.

The connection between coffee and the forced cultivation system during the colonial era from 1830 to 1870.

Geographical explanation of Indonesia's location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its impact on natural disasters.

The historical significance of the Krakatau eruption in 1883 and its cycle of events.

The necessity of the historical science to understand past human and societal life.

Definition of 'history' in the Indonesian language and its etymology from Arabic.

Explanation of the term 'history' in English and its meaning as a record of past events.

The origin of the term 'history' in Greek and its connection to Herodotus, known as the 'Father of History'.

The role of a historian in studying and conveying history using past information sources.

Benefits of studying history, including the development of scientific skills such as heuristics, verification, and interpretation.

The importance of collaboration between historians and linguists in understanding the origins of history.

The benefits of collaboration between historians and archaeologists in studying the origins of history.

Introduction to diachronic and synchronic thinking in history, emphasizing the influence of unseen factors.

Explanation of diachronic thinking, its etymology, and its focus on events that transcend time.

Differentiation between diachronic thinking and chronology, with the latter being the science of time.

The concept of periodization in history, connecting various events within a specific period.

Introduction to synchronic thinking, emphasizing the simultaneous occurrence of events and conditions.

The importance of synchronic thinking in understanding the context, situation, and conditions of a society.

Encouragement for students to apply diachronic and synchronic thinking to better understand historical events.

Closing remarks, urging students to continue being great, active, creative, and independent learners.