2024 European Elections: What are the rules? • FRANCE 24 English
Summary
TLDR国際問題編集者のフィリップ・ターレは、欧州議会選挙について説明しています。720名の欧州議会議員を選出するこの選挙では、今回は英国のEU離脱により議席数が増えています。議員は5年の任期で、一回限りの投票が行われます。投票年齢は国によって異なり、例えばフランスでは18歳、ドイツやオーストリアでは16歳から投票できます。欧州議会は予算、農業補助金、漁業権、学生交流プログラムなどEU全体の政策に影響を与えます。議会はストラスブールにあり、ビジネスの多くはブリュッセルで行われます。
Takeaways
- 🗳️ 欧洲议会选举是为更新720名欧洲议会成员而进行的投票。
- 🇬🇧 由于英国自2019年退出欧盟,这次选举的成员比上次多,共有705名成员。
- 🎯 欧洲议会成员的任期为5年,选举只有一轮,不设第二轮投票。
- 🇫🇷 法国的投票年龄限制为18岁,但其他一些国家如奥地利、比利时、德国和马耳他允许16岁投票,希腊则是17岁。
- 🏛️ 欧洲议会通常在斯特拉斯堡举行会议,而大部分工作在布鲁塞尔进行。
- 🌍 欧洲议会选举是世界上第二大的立法选举,仅次于印度,涉及约3.75亿潜在选民。
- 💬 欧洲议会成员不参与国内政策的制定,而是负责欧盟预算、农业资金分配、渔业权利等跨国事务。
- 🎓 欧洲议会还负责Erasmus交换项目,促进学生交流。
- 📋 欧洲议会成员可以提出指令,这些指令是向欧盟各国提出的建议,要求各国在国内采取必要措施。
- 🏛️ 欧洲议会有权选择欧盟委员会的主席,目前是乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩,她的职位将在选举后决定是否续任。
- 🏙️ 欧洲议会内部有多个政治团体,包括欧洲人民党、社会党和民主党的联盟、欧洲自由民主联盟、绿党、保守派和身份民主等。
Q & A
ヨーロッパ議会の選挙はどのように機能しますか?
-ヨーロッパ議会の選挙では、720人のヨーロッパ議会議員(MEP)を更新するために投票します。これは5年任期で、1つの投票のみで行われます。
イギリスがEUを離脱した影響はありますか?
-イギリスが2019年にEUを離脱したことで、他の国々に席が割り当てられるようになりました。
フランスではどのくらいの期間で選挙が行われますか?
-フランスでは、通常の選挙と違い、1ラウンドの投票のみで決定されます。
フランスでの投票に必要な年齢は何歳ですか?
-フランスでは18歳が投票の年齢制限ですが、一部の国では16歳から投票が可能です。
ヨーロッパ議会の議員数はどのように決まりますか?
-国や地域の規模に応じて、ドイツが96名、フランスが79名など、異なる数が割り当てられます。
ヨーロッパ議会の主要な役割は何ですか?
-ヨーロッパ議会は、EU予算の割り当て、CAP(共同農業政策)の資金配分、漁業権、Erasmus交換プログラムなどを担当しています。
EUの指示とは何を意味しますか?
-指示は、EU加盟国内で実施する必要のある措置を示す提案であり、法律を強制するものではありません。
ヨーロッパ委員会の議長の選出はどのように行われますか?
-ヨーロッパ議会が選出しており、現在はUrsula von der Leyenがその役割を務めています。
EUの機関がブリュッセルとストラスブールに分散されている理由は何ですか?
-EUの初期段階では、ルクセンブルクに本拠地があり、ストラスブルールでの会議が行われていたため、この配置が続いています。
ヨーロッパ議会の選挙は世界最大の立法選挙の一つですが、その規模はどのくらいですか?
-375百万人の潜在的な投票者を含む、世界最大の立法選挙の一つであり、インドの選挙に次ぐ規模です。
ヨーロッパ議会の主要な党派には何がありますか?
-最大の党派である欧州人民党、社会主義者と民主主义者の進歩的同盟、Renew Europe、緑の党、保守派、アイデンティティと民主主義があるなどがあります。
Outlines
🗳️ 欧州議会選挙の基本事項
欧州議会選挙の仕組みと投票の概要について説明しています。720人の欧州議会議員が選出されるが、前回の選挙では705人だった。これは2019年にイギリスがEUを離脱したため。他の国々に追加の議席が与えられ、各国の人口に応じた比例代表制が採用されています。例えば、ドイツは96議席、フランスは79議席、キプロスやルクセンブルク、マルタは6議席です。欧州議会はストラスブールにあり、大部分の業務はブリュッセルで行われます。この選挙はインドに次いで世界で2番目に大きな立法選挙であり、EU全体で3億7500万人の有権者が対象です。
🏛️ 欧州議会の権限と役割
欧州議会議員の権限と役割について詳述しています。国内政策には関与せず、EU予算や農業補助金、漁業権、学生交換プログラム(エラスムス計画)などの決定に関与します。また、EU指令という形で各国に必要な措置を導入するよう指示を出します。欧州委員会の委員長も選出し、現在の委員長であるウルズラ・フォン・デア・ライエンの再任もこの選挙結果に影響します。
🌍 EU機関の歴史と所在地
EU機関の分裂の歴史と所在地について説明しています。欧州議会がストラスブールに存在する理由は、EUの初期に遡り、元々ルクセンブルクに本部を置いていた石炭鉄鋼共同体がストラスブールの会議室を使用していたためです。現在、大部分の業務はブリュッセルで行われています。フランスは、欧州議会が自国領内にあることで監視が容易になることに満足しています。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡European Parliament
💡MEP (Member of the European Parliament)
💡Universal suffrage
💡Voting age
💡Erasmus exchange program
💡EU budget
💡Directives
💡European Commission
💡Strasbourg
💡Brussels
Highlights
European Parliament elections involve renewing 720 members, an increase from 705 due to the UK's exit from the EU.
MEPs serve a 5-year term and are elected in a single round of voting, unlike the two-round system in France's legislative and presidential elections.
Voting age in France is 18, but varies across the EU, with some countries allowing voting from 16 or 17.
The number of MEPs per country is proportional to the country's size, with Germany having the most at 96 and smaller countries like Cyprus, Luxembourg, and Malta having six.
The European Parliament primarily sits in Strasbourg, with most business conducted in Brussels.
EU Parliament elections are the second-largest legislative elections globally, after India, with 375 million potential voters.
MEPs have no say in domestic policies but are responsible for decisions on the EU budget, including allocations for agriculture and fishing rights.
MEPs are also involved in the Erasmus exchange program for students and communication directives across the EU.
Directives from the EU Parliament are proposals for EU nations to take necessary steps within their domestic governments to introduce measures.
The EU Parliament has the power to choose the head of the European Commission, whose position may be up for renewal.
There are several political movements within the EU Parliament, including the largest European People's Party and other groups like the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats.
The split between the EU institutions in Brussels and Strasbourg dates back to the early days of the EU, with historical reasons for the location of the Parliament.
France benefits from the European Parliament being in Strasbourg due to its location on French territory, allowing closer oversight.
The EU budget for 2022 is a significant 170 billion EUR, highlighting the financial impact of the Parliament's decisions.
The EU Parliament's role in shaping EU policies and decision-making is crucial, with the upcoming elections determining the direction of the new Parliament.
The European Parliament elections are a major democratic event with substantial implications for the EU's future policies and governance.
Transcripts
well to break it down for us I'm joined
by our International Affairs editor
philli turle Philip will you first just
remind us how this election Works what
are people actually voting for right
well they're voting to renew the
720 members of the European Parliament
they're called me member of the European
Parliament which is what it stands for
uh there are more this time round than
there were the last time there were
705 uh that's because Britain has quit
the EU since 2019 which means that more
seats can be given out to other
countries Ries uh within that uh these
MEPS are elected for a 5-year term and
it's only one vote we've takes place uh
in uh this Sunday there some countries
have already voted before Sunday but
there's only one round of voting uh
universal suffrage so in for France for
example in normal elections like
legislative elections and presidential
elections there are two rounds of voting
this time around there only there's only
one round um the French authorities has
been quite firm in saying remember
there's one round of voting so if you
miss it this Sunday you won't be able to
vote the following Sunday because there
won't be a second round uh now there are
uh age limits on voting here in France
it is 18 that is the age limit for 22 of
the 27 countries but if you come for
example from Austria Belgium Germany or
Malta you can vote from the age of 16
and if you come from Greece you can vote
from the age of 17 that is something
that's constantly under review about
whether or not the voting age should be
lowered uh even here in France for the
moment that decision hasn't been taken
uh and of course depending on the size
of the country uh some countries get
more MEPS in the European Parliament
than others like the one who gets the
most MPS is Germany which has 96 at the
moment uh France has 79 the countries
that have the fewest MEPS are Cypress
Luxembourg and Malta who only have six
because they're small countries so it's
proportional to the size of the country
from which you come now the European
Parliament sits in Strasburg most of the
business takes place in Brussels uh and
just one other thing which is quite
interesting to to note is that the
voting in the European Parliament is the
second biggest legislative election in
the world after India we've just been
through all the Indian elections over 6
weeks uh this election on this one day
uh is involving
375 million potential voters across the
EU uh which makes it the second biggest
in the world so a huge domestic and
Democratic uh lot of uh uh policies and
decision making up for grabs that will
be taken once the new Parliament is
elected okay so we're electing the MS
the members of the European Parliament
what kinds of decisions do they get to
make compared to say members of a
national Parliament right well they
don't have any say in domestic policy
like for example uh what the French
deput or what they would be called in
English MPS domestic MPS would have
business controlling for example the
road Network work in France and speed
limits and things like that that's all
domestic policy that can be taken within
from Paris uh what the MEP socities for
example over the EU budget they can
decide uh how much money uh agriculture
is allotted through the capap which
countries get more money than other
countries they can also be in charge of
fishing for example in in the uh the EU
fishing rights uh they're the ones
behind the Erasmus exchange uh program
for students also they're involved in a
communic ation across the the EU so
there is this huge budget uh 170 billion
EUR uh in 2022 they're also in charge of
directives now directives are not laws
that are enforced in EU countries
directives are proposals that are put
forward to the different nations within
the EU directing them to take the
necessary steps within their domestic
governments to introduce uh those
measures the EU Parliament can also
choose the head of the European
commission currently Ursa Von theion
whose job is up for Renewal will she get
it renewed or not that is something
we'll find out after these EU elections
are over there are several different
movements within the EU uh Parliament
the European people's party is the
largest uh but there's also the
progressive Alliance of socialists and
Democrats renew Europe the greens the
conservatives and identity and democracy
one of the farri groups and you
mentioned the fact that the EU
institutions are split between the
commission which meets in Brussels and
then the EU parliament in Strasburg can
you explain why that is well basically
this all goes back back to the start of
the EU when it was all based in
Luxembourg and uh the what was
originally called uh the European coal
and Steel Community had their
headquarters uh in uh Luxembourg they
used to use what was uh known as the
meeting of the Council of Europe which
was in Strasburg and the Council of
Europe let them use that meeting room
and that's why there is still uh the
parliament in Strasburg all the other
business takes based now in Brussels
which was uh equally divided between
Germany the United Kingdom and France
that was why br was chosen uh and I
think France is quite pleased that it
does take P the European Parliament is
in striberg because it's on French
territory which means that France can
keep an eye on what's going on there
more easily all right Philip breaking
down the EU institutions always
complicated for us but you make it quite
clear thank you so much for that that's
our International Affairs editor there
Philip turle
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河合 ゆうすけ 政見放送(2024年東京都知事選挙)
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