A Modern Vision: Yeats' Second Coming in Perspective
Summary
TLDRالنص يناقش قصيدة 'الظهور الثاني' لويس ييتس، التي تعتبر من الأصعب في فهمها. يُناقش المفاهيم الرئيسية مثل الص芬كس اليوناني والظهور الثاني من المسيح والرؤية والفوضى والنظام. يُذكر أن الص芬كس في القصة هو الصفينكس اليوناني الذي يطرح أسئلة ويأكل من لا يجيب بشكل صحيح. يُستخدم النص الجسد الأول للوصف الخلاقي للفوضى، ويتضمن الإشارات الدينية مثل 'ال儀emony of innocence is drowned'، مما يشير إلى الطوفان الذي أدى إلى الموت للشريرين. يُقارن ييتس العصر المدني السابق بالعصر الحديث الذي يرى أنه عديم الحضارة و kaotik. يُتوقع ييتس ظهور الصفينكس الذي يمثل الأسئلة الغير قابلة للإجابة والفلسفة، مما يُشير إلى بدء عصر جديد للعالم. وينتهي النص بطرح سؤال فكري يظهر خوف ييتس من الفساد الروحاني للعصر الحديث.
Takeaways
- 📜这首诗《第二次降临》是人们发现非常令人困惑的诗歌之一。
- 🔮诗中需要记住的概念包括希腊神话中的斯芬克斯、基督的第二次降临、视觉哲学以及现代主义或现代时代的绝望与秩序与混乱的主题。
- 🦁诗中提到的斯芬克斯是希腊的,而不是埃及的,它会飞下来提问,如果回答不正确,它会吃掉人。
- 📝这首诗分为两个诗节,它不像叶芝的其他诗歌那样有严格的韵律,更倾向于自由诗的形式。
- 👁️诗人使用第一人称,仿佛是这些混乱事件的目击者。
- 🌊诗中使用了启示录般的意象,例如血红色的潮水变暗,以及“纯真的仪式”被淹没的隐喻,暗示了诺亚洪水。
- 📖诗中的词汇“启示”和“第二次降临”是圣经的引用,可能意味着世界存在某种精神问题或问题将是圣经级别的。
- 📉诗中还提到了破碎或崩溃的权威象征,暗示了叶芝自己的书《视觉》和他关于现代时代是野蛮和混乱的观点。
- 🕊️叶芝将文明的过去、基督教时代与基督第二次降临的圣经故事进行了对比。
- 🤔诗中不是基督而是斯芬克斯被想象成重生,象征着谜语和无法回答的问题,以及动物性的低级意象。
- 🐉斯芬克斯或地球精神的隐喻性诞生,暗示这不是一个吉祥的事件,叶芝认为现代时代不会走向好的方向发展。
- 🤝最后,叶芝对新时代将带来的精神破产表示担忧,他认为现代时代的人都是精神破产的。
- 🔍为了深入理解这首诗,可以查阅提供的链接,包括文学历史网站上的批评回应和分析,维基百科上的叶芝传记,以及对《复活节1916》的分析等。
Q & A
ما هي الصراع الرئيسية في قصيدة 'The Second Coming' لـ Yeats؟
-الصراع الرئيسية في قصيدة 'The Second Coming' هي الصراع بين الفوضى والنظام، مع إشارة إلى الوجود الدنيوي للوحش العظيم الذي يمثل الأسئلة الغير قابلة للإجابة.
لماذا يستخدم Yeats الشخصية الأولى في وصف الفوضى؟
-Yeats يستخدم الشخصية الأولى لجعل القراء يشعرون أنه شاهد مباشرة لأحداث الفوضى التي تحدث، مما يزيد من التأثير العاطفي للقصيدة.
ما هي الأهمية التاريخية لصور الصراع في قصيدة Yeats؟
-صور الصراع تشير إلى الصراع الديني والفلسفي بين العصر المسيحي والعصر الحديث الذي يرى Yeats أنه غير مدني وفوضي.
ما هي الرموز التي يستخدمها Yeats في قصيدة 'The Second Coming'؟
-Yeats يستخدم الرموز مثل ال水池 الأحمر المدمع، و儀式 الinnocence التي تغرق، والنسور التي تنهار، التي تشير إلى الأسطورة المليئة بالanguish والفوضى.
كيف يستخدم Yeats الإشارة إلى الأسطورة المسيحية في قصيدة 'The Second Coming'؟
-Yeats يستخدم الإشارة إلى الأسطورة المسيحية، مثل الطوفان الذي يغرق الظالمين، لتوضيح الصراع بين العصر المسيحي والعصر الحديث.
ما هي الفكرة الرئيسية التي يحاول Yeats التعبير عنها في 'The Second Coming'؟
-الفكرة الرئيسية هي القلق من الفوضى والعدم الدنيوي في العصر الحديث، وتوقع Yeats لعصر جديد يبدأ بولادة الوحش العظيم.
ما هي الأهمية الفلسفية لرؤية Yeats للعالم؟
-الرؤية الفلسفية لـ Yeats تشير إلى فكرة أن العصر الحديث هو عهد الفوضى والعدم الدنيوي، مما يشير إلى فشل العصر المسيحي في إحداث العدالة والنظام.
كيف يعكس Yeats القلق من العصر الحديث في قصيدة 'The Second Coming'؟
-Yeats يعكس القلق من العصر الحديث عن طريق وصف الفوضى وعدم القدرة على السيطرة على الأحداث، وتوقع لولادة الوحش العظيم الذي يمثل الأسئلة الغير قابلة للإجابة.
ما هي الأهمية الثقافية للوحش العظيم في قصيدة Yeats؟
-الوحش العظيم يمثل الرiddles والأسطورة، مما يشير إلى الأهمية الثقافية للأساطير والأساطير في فهم العالم والحياة.
كيف يستخدم Yeats الكلمات القوية لوصف الولادة للوحش العظيم؟
-Yeats يستخدم الكلمات القوية مثل 'slouches' لوصف الولادة للوحش العظيم، مما يبعث على الشعور السلبي وعدم الإيجابية للحدث.
ما هي المصادر التي يمكن استخدامها لفهم قصيدة 'The Second Coming' بشكل أفضل؟
-يمكن استخدام مصادر مثل literary history com و Wikipedia و web English teacher calm و spark notes لفهم قصيدة 'The Second Coming' بشكل أفضل.
Outlines
📚 Interpreting 'The Second Coming' by Yeats
This paragraph discusses the complexity of W.B. Yeats's poem 'The Second Coming', focusing on themes of despair about the modern era and the struggle between order and chaos. It introduces the Greek Sphinx, which is a central symbol in the poem, and contrasts it with the Egyptian sphinx. The speaker emphasizes the poem's structure, which is mostly free verse and modernist, rather than the more traditional rhymes and romantic voice of Yeats's other works. The paragraph delves into the poem's apocalyptic imagery and biblical references, suggesting a spiritual crisis or an event of epic proportions. It also touches on Yeats's own views on the uncivilized and chaotic nature of the modern age, as reflected in the poem's imagery of broken structures and the faltering center. The paragraph concludes with an analysis of the poem's final rhetorical question, which reflects Yeats's fears about the spiritual bankruptcy of the new age.
🔍 Further Resources for Understanding Yeats
The second paragraph provides guidance on how to further explore and understand Yeats's work, particularly 'The Second Coming'. It suggests that students should consider reading critical responses and analyses available online, with a specific link to 'literary history com' recommended for its extensive collection of essays and interpretations. The paragraph also points to a biography of Yeats on Wikipedia as a valuable resource for contextual understanding. Additionally, it mentions a link for 'Easter 1916' to enhance comprehension of that particular poem. The paragraph concludes by directing students to 'web English teacher calm' for a collection of general analyses and stimulus questions that can aid in preparing for their own studies, and to 'spark notes' for basic analysis of set poems.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡الصراع الثاني
💡السندبوت
💡الرؤية
💡الفوضى
💡الحديثة
💡الرؤية
💡الضعف
💡الجسدية
💡الولادة المجازية
💡الفلسفة
💡التحليل النقدي
Highlights
The poem 'Second Coming' is often considered confusing and requires understanding of various concepts.
Key concepts include the Sphinx from Greek myth, the second coming of Christ, and the philosophy of a vision.
The poem discusses themes of despair about the modern era and the struggle between order and chaos.
The Greek Sphinx differs from the Egyptian one, asking questions and consuming those who cannot answer.
The poem is divided into two stanzas with free verse modern voice rather than traditional rhyme schemes.
Yeats uses first-person perspective to describe the chaotic scene, suggesting an eyewitness account.
Apocalyptic imagery and biblical allusions, such as Noah's Flood, are used to convey a spiritual problem.
The poem contrasts the civilized past with the chaotic modern age, suggesting a decline in civilization.
The falcon not hearing the falconer symbolizes the breakdown of communication and control.
Yeats imagines not Christ's return but the rebirth of the Sphinx, symbolizing mythology and unanswerable questions.
The metaphorical birth of the Sphinx represents a new age that Yeats views as spiritually bankrupt.
The poem's diction and imagery suggest a bleak future for the modern age.
Yeats's philosophy is that the new age will bring about spiritual bankruptcy.
Critical essays and analyses are available to help understand Yeats's work and 'Second Coming'.
Literary history.com provides a wealth of critical responses and analyses of Yeats's work.
Wikipedia offers a good biography of Yeats, which can aid in understanding his work.
For a deeper understanding of 'Easter 1916', a specific link is provided for further reading.
Web English teacher offers stimulus questions for preparing personal study and analysis.
Sparknotes provides basic analysis of Yeats's set poems, which can be a starting point for understanding.
Transcripts
and again this is one of the most
confusing poems that people find the
Second Coming is the last time we're
going to talk about the concepts you
need to keep in mind are the Sphinx of
Greek myth the second coming of Christ
the philosophy of a vision and the
themes are despair about modernism or
the modern era and order versus chaos so
when you come to the Sphinx keep in mind
that we're not talking about the
Egyptian sphinx we're talking about the
Greek one that flies down and asks mem
questions and if they can't answer the
question correctly the Sphinx will eat
them so it's a very different sinks to
the one you're probably thinking of the
poem is divided into two stanzas and it
hasn't like one or two odd rhymes but
mostly it resembles free verse modern
voice rather than all of you eight sirs
other poems so he tends to be more of a
romantic voice this one seems to be
quite modernist interestingly to
describe the scene of chaos he uses
first person as though he's an
eyewitness to these events taking place
apocalyptic imagery for example the
blood red tide is dimmed and the
metaphor the ceremony of innocence is
drowned a biblical allusions to Noah's
Flood which is said to have drowned the
wicked on earth and gotten rid of them
the diction revelation and the Second
Coming are also biblical reference
references so he's either trying to get
the idea that there's some sort of
spiritual problem with the world or that
this is going to be of biblical
proportion the problem is going to be
epic imagery of broken or collapsing
jurors also alludes to Yates his own
book a vision and his idea that the
modern age is uncivilized and chaotic so
that's shown in the Falcon cannot hear
the falconer things fall apart the
center cannot hold so that's big wheels
and rings that are falling down which is
big part of his central imagery Yates
contrasts the civilized past the
Christian age with the biblical story of
the second coming of Christ so when
Christ died he was supposed to say I
will come again and that was going to be
when Judgment Day took place so in this
case though it's not Christ that he's
imagining coming back to earth and being
reborn which would be a cause for
celebration for Christians he's
imagining are the Sphinx being reborn
which symbolizes mythology riddles and
unanswerable questions and of course
this the Sphinx isn't really all human
it's bits of different animals so
there's a lot of that animalistic kind
of low imagery associated with that as
well the metaphorical birth of the
Sphinx or spiritus mundi which
translates to the spirit of the earth
its hour come round at last slouches
towards Bethlehem to be born so we can
see by that phrasing that this is not an
auspicious event he doesn't think that
the modern age is going anywhere good we
can see that in the diction slouches
which is a very ugly image for someone
about to give birth
this birth marks the beginning of a new
age in terms of Yates's our philosophy
just as leaders giving birth to hell
endeared so this is the beginning of the
new age as far as he's concerned the
final rhetorical question shows Yates's
fears about the spiritual bankruptcy
that this new age is going to bring so
yates didn't have a very high opinion of
us in the modern age he thought that we
were all spiritually bankrupt so that's
mostly what this poem is about his
despair about the future so you will
need to think about our critics essays
that you'll be able to quote in the
essay that you write yourself and we're
going to go through some web links that
should provide you with these essays to
read if you haven't gotten any at school
this link has lots and lots and lots of
critical responses and analyses of Yeats
so I would definitely go here first
you'll have a lot to pick from so if you
don't like the first 30 you can read the
next 30 that's at literary history com
there is a good biography of Yeats on
Wikipedia actually so that's one is
probably worthwhile to have a read and
again if you want to get into
understanding Easter 1916 a little bit
better you can have a look at this link
here
there's also an interesting collection
of general analyses of Yeats work and of
different specific poems so if you find
you're having trouble with one poem in
particular you might want to check this
out there are also stimulus questions
that you can use to prepare your own
study and that is at web English teacher
calm you'll also find analysis of some
of the set poems at spark notes they are
a little bit bare but if you're having
real trouble getting into a poem it
might be a good place to start that's
the end of this lesson
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