PERANG MAKASSAR _ PART 1 | EPISODE 09

Summary

The video chronicles the escalating conflict between the Gowa Tallo Kingdom and the Dutch East India Company (VOC) during the mid-17th century. It details key incidents, such as the grounding of the Dutch ship **Leon**, leading to violent confrontations and a series of military engagements. Sultan Hasanuddin's resistance against Dutch demands and his strategic military preparations culminated in fierce battles and ultimately a ceasefire in January 1667. The narrative highlights the complexity of colonial interactions and the struggles for power, illustrating the resilience of indigenous forces against foreign domination.

Takeaways

• 🌊 The relationship between the Gowa Tallo Kingdom and the Dutch VOC deteriorated due to various incidents, including the stranding of a Dutch ship called Leon.
• ⚓ On December 24, 1664, the Dutch ship Leon ran aground near the Panakukang fort, leading to the loss of lives and accusations against the Makassarese.
• 💰 The Makassarese seized a Dutch shipment containing 1,425 Ringgit worth of silver, leading to repeated demands from the Dutch for its return, which were consistently denied by Sultan Hasanuddin.
• ⚔️ Tensions escalated into open conflict, with Sultan Hasanuddin preparing a naval expedition against the Dutch and their allies, signaling a significant military buildup.
• 🚢 By mid-1666, Sultan Hasanuddin sent an armada of 700 ships and 20,000 soldiers, demonstrating the strength and resolve of the Gowa forces.
• 🛡️ The Dutch attempted to negotiate peace, but these efforts failed, resulting in continued hostilities and a series of battles in the region.
• 💣 On December 21, 1666, the Dutch launched an assault on the Makassarese fortifications, initiating intense artillery exchanges.
• 🌧️ The rainy season provided a tactical advantage to the Makassarese, helping them repel Dutch advances during the conflict.
• 🤝 After several fierce confrontations, a peace agreement was reached in January 1667, where the Makassarese were compelled to surrender.
• 😔 Many Makassarese captives suffered poor conditions while held by the Dutch, highlighting the harsh realities of warfare during this period.

Q & A

What event caused the deterioration of relations between the Gowa Tallo Kingdom and the Dutch VOC?

The relations deteriorated due to the incident involving the Dutch ship Leon, which ran aground on December 24, 1664, while trying to escape from the Makassar coastline.

What happened to the crew of the Dutch ship Leon after it ran aground?

Of the 102 crew members, 40 drowned, while 62 were captured by the Makassarese and taken to Fort Sombaopu, where they reported the loss of a box containing 1,425 Dutch ringgits.

How did Sultan Hasanuddin respond to the Dutch demands for the return of the seized silver?

Sultan Hasanuddin consistently refused the Dutch demands, arguing that the seized items were the rightful property of the Gowa Kingdom as they were taken during wartime.

What military action did Sultan Hasanuddin take in response to the ongoing tensions with the Dutch?

In mid-1666, Sultan Hasanuddin prepared a military expedition consisting of 700 ships and 20,000 troops to engage in warfare against Ternate, which had allied with the Dutch.

What was the outcome of the Dutch's first assault on Makassar on December 21, 1666?

The Dutch fleet under Commander Speelman initiated an attack on Makassar, but after a brief engagement, they were forced to retreat due to a strong defense from the Makassarese forces.

What strategy did the Makassarese use during the rainy season to their advantage in the battles?

The heavy rain provided cover for the Makassarese, allowing their smaller, faster boats to attack the larger Dutch ships effectively.

What occurred during the attempted landings by the Dutch at Laikang on December 23, 1666?

The Dutch forces faced fierce resistance from the local Makassarese fighters, leading to their retreat and failure to establish a foothold in the area.

How did the Dutch forces fare in Bantaeng, and what was the outcome of their actions there?

The Dutch successfully landed in Bantaeng, burning the area and destroying local resources, but eventually retreated due to fierce counterattacks from Gowa forces.

What was the result of the negotiations between Speelman and the Gowa commanders in January 1667?

The negotiations resulted in the surrender of the Makassar fleet, with conditions that included the return of captured Makassarese commanders to Dutch control.

What hardships did the captured Makassarese face on the small island designated for their imprisonment?

The captured Makassarese endured severe hardships due to limited food supplies, leading to many dying from starvation while only a few managed to escape.