Complete MongoDB Tutorial #6 - Adding New Documents

Summary

In this informative tutorial, viewers learn how to interact with MongoDB databases using both the MongoDB shell and the GUI tool, Compass. The instructor demonstrates switching databases, referencing collections, and inserting documents into a collection using the 'insert one' method for single documents and the 'insert many' method for multiple documents. MongoDB automatically generates a unique ID for each document. The video also shows how documents can be added to a non-existent collection, which MongoDB will create upon insertion. By the end of the lesson, viewers are equipped with the skills to manage documents in MongoDB effectively.

Takeaways

• 💻 Use MongoDB shell and Compass to interact with databases.
• 📚 Switch to the correct database using `use bookstore`.
• 📖 Reference a collection with `db.collectionName`.
• 🔑 `insertOne` method is used to add a single document to a collection.
• 📄 Properties of a book document include title, author, pages, genres, and rating.
• 🆔 MongoDB automatically assigns a unique ID to each document.
• 📈 `insertMany` method allows inserting multiple documents at once.
• 🗂️ You can insert a document into a non-existing collection, and MongoDB will create it.
• 🔍 Verify document insertion using Compass to see the updated collection.
• 🗑️ Use `db.collection.drop()` to delete a collection if it's no longer needed.

Q & A

How do you access the MongoDB shell?

You can enter the MongoDB shell by using the command line and typing `mongo`.

What is the purpose of MongoDB Compass?

MongoDB Compass is a GUI tool used to visualize and interact with your MongoDB data.

How do you switch databases in the MongoDB shell?

You switch databases by using the `use` command followed by the name of the database, such as `use bookstore`.

How do you reference a collection in MongoDB?

You reference a collection by using `db` followed by the collection name, like `db.books`.

What is the `insertOne` method used for in MongoDB?

The `insertOne` method is used to insert a single document into a collection.

What properties does a book document typically have in the provided script?

A book document typically has properties like title, author, pages, genres (an array), and rating.

Does MongoDB automatically assign an ID to a document?

Yes, MongoDB automatically assigns a unique ID to a document when it is created.

Can you insert a document into a collection that does not exist?

Yes, if you try to insert a document into a non-existing collection, MongoDB will create the collection for you.

How do you delete a document in MongoDB?

While the script does not explicitly mention document deletion, you can delete a document using the `deleteOne` or `deleteMany` methods.

What is the `insertMany` method used for in MongoDB?

The `insertMany` method is used to insert multiple documents into a collection at once.

How can you verify that documents have been added to a collection?

You can verify documents have been added by using MongoDB Compass to view the collection and its documents.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Adding Documents to MongoDB using Shell

The paragraph explains how to use MongoDB shell to add documents to a collection. It starts with instructions on switching to the correct database (bookstore) from the test database. The narrator then shows how to reference the 'books' collection and use the 'insertOne' method to add a single document. The document is created with properties like title, author, pages, genres, and rating, without needing an ID as MongoDB auto-generates one. The result of the operation is shown, and the newly added document is verified in MongoDB Compass.

05:01

📝 Inserting Multiple Documents at Once

This paragraph demonstrates how to insert multiple documents into a MongoDB collection at once using the 'insertMany' method. After showing that it's unnecessary to have a collection pre-existing to insert documents, the narrator proceeds to use the 'insertMany' method on the 'books' collection. Documents are added by passing an array of objects, each representing a document. The operation's success is confirmed by checking the response object for acknowledged status and the generated document IDs. The addition of documents is then verified in MongoDB Compass, showing an increased count of documents in the collection.

Keywords

💡MongoDB

MongoDB is a popular NoSQL database that uses a document-oriented storage model. In the context of the video, MongoDB is the primary tool being used to manage and store data. The script references MongoDB as the database system where users can add documents to collections, demonstrating core operations like inserting data.

💡MongoDB Shell

The MongoDB Shell is a command-line interface used to interact with MongoDB databases. The script mentions using the shell to communicate with databases, emphasizing its utility for executing commands such as switching databases and inserting documents.

💡MongoDB Compass

MongoDB Compass is a GUI tool for MongoDB that allows users to visualize and interact with data. The script describes using Compass to view data in databases and to verify changes made via the shell, such as the addition of new documents.

💡Database

A database, in this context, refers to a collection of organized information stored electronically. The script discusses switching to the 'bookstore' database within MongoDB to perform operations, highlighting the concept of databases as containers for data.

💡Collection

In MongoDB, a collection is a group of documents (data records) that typically have similar structures. The script explains how to reference a collection, such as 'books', and how documents are added to it.

💡Document

A document in MongoDB is a basic unit of data, similar to a record in a relational database. The script provides an example of adding a document to the 'books' collection, illustrating the concept of documents as JSON-like objects with various properties.

💡Insert One

The 'insertOne' method is used in MongoDB to add a single document to a collection. The script demonstrates using 'insertOne' to insert a document about 'The Color of Magic', showing how to specify properties like title, author, and rating.

💡Insert Many

The 'insertMany' method allows for the insertion of multiple documents into a collection in a single operation. The script describes using 'insertMany' to add multiple book documents at once, emphasizing efficiency in data entry.

💡Properties

Properties in MongoDB refer to the fields or attributes of a document. The script mentions properties such as 'title', 'author', 'pages', 'genres', and 'rating', which are part of the document structure representing a book.

💡Genres

Genres in the context of the script are categories that classify books, such as 'fantasy' and 'magic'. They are mentioned as part of the properties of a book document, indicating how documents can include arrays or lists of values.

💡ObjectId

ObjectId is a unique identifier that MongoDB automatically assigns to each document. The script explains that when a document is inserted, MongoDB creates an ObjectId for it, ensuring that each document can be uniquely referenced.

Highlights

Introduction to using MongoDB shell and Compass for database interaction.

Demonstration of switching databases in MongoDB using the 'use' command.

Explanation of referencing a collection in MongoDB.

How to insert a single document into a collection using the 'insertOne' method.

Details of the properties of a book document in MongoDB.

MongoDB automatically assigns a unique ID to new documents.

Adding properties to a document such as title, author, pages, genres, and rating.

Confirmation of document insertion and viewing the new document's ID.

Verification of document insertion in Compass and the automatic creation of the ID property.

Ability to insert a document into a non-existing collection, which will create the collection.

Example of inserting a document into a non-existing 'authors' collection.

Instructions on how to delete a document and drop a collection in MongoDB.

Explanation of inserting multiple documents at once using the 'insertMany' method.

Demonstration of copying and pasting multiple document objects for insertion.

Confirmation of multiple document insertion and viewing their IDs.

Verification of multiple document insertion in Compass.

Transcripts

all right then gang so we've seen in the

last couple of lessons how to enter into

the mongodb shell to communicate with

our databases and also how to use

mongodb compass the gui tool to see the

data in our databases so going forward

we're going to use a combination of

these two tools the shell and also

compass

now at the moment we can see inside

compost that we have a database called

bookstore and inside that a books

collection and in the books collection

we have a few bulk documents we added

those documents through compass a couple

of lessons ago so now i want to show you

how to add documents to a collection

from the shell as well so the first

thing we need to do is make sure we're

in the correct database now currently

we're in the test database so we want to

switch to the bookstore so we can add

those book documents so i'm going to say

use and then bookstore

which is the name of the database we

want to use and now we're switched to

that all right so once we're in the

bookstore we first of all need to

reference a collection in order to put a

document inside it right now to do that

we say db which is the current database

that we're in that references the

database remember if we press enter we

can see that that's bookstore so we say

db and then dots and then whatever the

collection is called now we created a

collection called books like so so we

can say db.box and that would reference

essentially the box collection now if i

press enter we can see that it's

bookstore.books so i'm going to say

db.books

and then we can use a method on this

called insert

one

so this function right here is going to

insert a single document into the box

collection and inside the parentheses

right here we pass an argument and that

argument is essentially an object which

represents the book that we want to add

so remember our books have a few

different properties let's just take a

look at what those properties were

they have a title an author pages and

genres which is an array of different

genres and also a rating okay so let's

now add these different properties

inside

the object that we just created we don't

have to add the id by the way mongodb

automatically assigns a unique id when

we create a document so let's go back

over here and let's first of all add the

title property so i'll say title and i'm

just going to say

the color

of

magic like so

we also need an author which is terry

pratchett

so terry

pratchett i think that's how you spell

his name not 100

and then after that we need the number

of pages now i'm just going to guess i'm

going to select 300.

we also need after that the rating which

i'm going to give a seven after the

rating we also need a genres property

so let's do that as well and this is an

array i'm gonna put in here

fantasy and also magic i know that's not

a real genre but whatever for me is all

right so i think that's pretty much it

we have the title the author the pages

the rating and the genres and all of

these properties go inside this object

right here that we passed into the

insert one method right so when we do

that it's going to interact with our

books collection to add this new

document and mongodb is also going to

auto create the id property so press

enter and now we can see this response

right here so this is an object we get

back to say it's acknowledged our

request and the id of the document is

just inserted so it's created this

object id and applied it to the document

we've just created

now if i go back to

compass over here then

if i refresh this we can see now we have

five documents and if i scroll down i

should see the color of magic as well

awesome

so it's added that document for us we've

added a single new document using this

method which was

insert one all right and by the way

you don't need a collection to exist for

you to insert a new document so

for example i could say dp and then

authors which is the authors collection

that doesn't exist at the minute if we

take a look inside compass we only have

the books collection right this one

right here so that doesn't exist yet but

it doesn't matter i can still insert one

like so

and let's just say i want to give this a

name property and the name is going to

be

brandon

sanderson like so

and let's also say an age property

really don't know how old brandon

sanderson is i'm going to guess at 60.

press enter now it's still going to

insert this document even though the

author's collection doesn't exist and i

can verify that by going over here

and then go into the bookstore and if

i refresh over here

then we can see the new authors

collection as well all right so if we go

into that we can see now we have a

document inside that collection now i

actually don't want this collection so

i'm going to delete this and also over

here i'm going to drop the collection

because i don't want the author's

collection so let me just copy authors

right here

and paste it in and drop that collection

so now we only have the one collection

again i just wanted to show you that we

don't actually have to have a collection

already existing for you to insert a

document into it if there's not a

collection already called authors when

we try to insert a document it will

create it for us okay

so

that's how to insert a single document

using this method insert one but we can

also insert many documents at once

and to do that we just use a different

method so this time we say db again to

go into the database and then after that

we say the collection name which is

going to be books and then we want to

use the method insert

many so we use this function if we want

to insert more than one document at once

and then inside here we just pass

through an array of different objects

where each object represents a single

document we want to add now instead of

writing these out from scratch i'm going

to copy and paste them from my notepad

woohoo oops we've lost the terminal let

me open that back up again so i'm going

to grab those and i'm going to paste

them inside here so we have two

documents right here we have this one

then a comma and then the next document

as well so the first one is the like

fantastic and the second one is june so

if we press enter now hopefully it will

add both of those documents and we can

see acknowledged is true and we can see

the ids that it has inserted for both of

these documents and we can verify

they've been added by going to compass

then going into this collection

and if we refresh over here then we

should see seven documents and we do

let's try and find them should be near

the bottom the like fantastic and also

june awesome so there we go my friends

that's how we can add documents to our

database using the shell we have those

two methods insert one to insert a

single document and also insert many to

insert many documents which are inside

an array