Pemilu 1955, Tonggak Demokrasi di Indonesia | Jejak Pemilu tvOne

Summary

The script recounts Indonesia's first democratic election in 1955, showcasing the nation's maturity in conducting a free and fair voting process. Over 30 political parties participated, reflecting diverse ideologies. Despite security challenges, the election proceeded smoothly, with 87.65% voter turnout. The election was a testament to Indonesia's democratic spirit, though it led to a series of unstable cabinets, culminating in President Soekarno's dissolution of the Constituent Assembly in 1959, reverting to the 1945 Constitution.

Takeaways

• 🗳️ The 1977 general elections in Indonesia were conducted in an orderly, direct, free, and secret manner, showcasing the democratic spirit.
• 🎉 The next democratic festival in Indonesia is scheduled for the year 2024, where the General Election Commission has set the election date for February 14th.
• 📆 The 2024 elections will mark the third era of elections in Indonesia, following the Parliamentary, New Order, and Reform periods.
• 🏛️ The first election in Indonesia was planned for 1946, a year after the proclamation of independence, but was delayed due to various challenges including government preparedness and foreign invasions.
• 📈 The 1955 election was the first to be officially conducted by the Indonesian government, using a proportional representation system where seats were allocated based on the parties' share of the vote.
• 🏢 The Ministry of Home Affairs and the Ministry of Justice were responsible for organizing the 1955 elections, with local committees formed from January 1954.
• 🚨 Despite security disturbances in some regions, the 1955 elections were largely successful, with only minor disruptions compared to the overall smooth conduct of the polls.
• 🏆 The 1955 elections were a demonstration of Indonesia's maturity as a democratic nation and were a source of national pride.
• 💬 Campaigning for the 1955 elections began after the election bill was passed into law in 1953, with various methods including meetings, film screenings, and social activities.
• 🏆 The 1955 elections resulted in no single party gaining a majority in the parliament, leading to the formation of a coalition government representing various parties.

Q & A

When was the first general election held in Indonesia after its proclamation of independence?

The first general election in Indonesia after its proclamation of independence was held on 9 September 1955.

What was the significance of the 1955 general election in Indonesia?

The 1955 general election was significant as it was the first democratic exercise to elect members of the parliament (DPR) and constituent assembly, marking Indonesia's maturity as a democratic nation.

Which political party won the majority of the votes in the 1955 general election?

In the 1955 general election, the Indonesian Nationalist Party (PNI) won the majority with 22.3% of the votes.

What was the role of the Ministry of Home Affairs and the Ministry of Justice in the 1955 general election?

The Ministry of Home Affairs and the Ministry of Justice were responsible for organizing and conducting the 1955 general election, including preparing the legal framework and organizing the election committees at both national and regional levels.

How was the security situation during the 1955 general election in Indonesia?

The security situation during the 1955 general election was relatively peaceful in areas like Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Java, and parts of Nusa Tenggara, but there were disturbances in areas such as West Sumatra, South Sulawesi, and some districts in West Java due to the activities of rebel groups.

What were the challenges faced during the preparation and execution of the 1955 general election?

Challenges faced during the 1955 general election included security threats from rebel groups, logistical issues in distributing election materials, and the need to register voters in a country with a significant illiterate population.

What was the voter turnout like in the 1955 general election?

The voter turnout in the 1955 general election was high, with approximately 87.65% of the 43 million registered voters participating.

What was the campaign strategy like for the 1955 general election?

Campaign strategies in the 1955 general election varied and included public meetings, film screenings, youth gatherings, art performances, and door-to-door canvassing. Given the high illiteracy rate, oral campaigns were also common.

How were the election results of the 1955 general election announced?

The election results for the 1955 general election were officially announced on March 1, 1956, by the General Election Committee of Indonesia at the Jakarta Sports Stadium.

What was the outcome of the 1955 general election in terms of government formation?

The 1955 general election did not result in a single party gaining a majority in the DPR, leading to the formation of a coalition government through negotiations, which eventually became the Ali Sastroamijoyo cabinet representing PNI, Masyumi, and NU.

Why was the Constituent Assembly disbanded and what was the impact on the political landscape?

The Constituent Assembly was disbanded by President Soekarno through Presidential Decree on July 5, 1959, because it failed to produce a constitution. This led to the return to the 1945 Constitution and the dissolution of the Assembly, impacting the political landscape by ending the attempt to create a new constitution and reverting to the original constitutional framework.