Como criar o hábito da leitura - Leandro karnal

Venha Saber

1 Oct 201804:20

Summary

TLDRThe speaker discusses the suitability of Brazilian literature for school curriculums, questioning the complexity of themes in Machado de Assis' works for younger readers. They advocate for engaging young people with contemporary contexts and suggest starting with shorter, more accessible works like chronicles and classic stories to pique interest. The speaker emphasizes the importance of gradually building up to more challenging literature, such as 'The Divine Comedy' and Shakespeare's plays, to enhance readers' cultural understanding and critical thinking skills.

Takeaways

📚 The speaker critiques the adoption of Machado de Assis' works in Brazilian primary schools due to their complex themes and language.
🌐 The speaker suggests that the appropriateness of literature in education depends on the context and maturity of the readers.
🔑 The analogy of homeopathy is used to emphasize that the right dosage of challenging literature is crucial for young readers.
📈 The speaker advocates for introducing young readers to contemporary and engaging contexts to foster interest in literature.
📖 The speaker recommends starting with short stories and gradually moving to more complex works as the reader matures.
🎭 The speaker highlights the importance of experiencing theater, like Shakespeare's plays, both in reading and watching to fully appreciate them.
📈 The speaker suggests that reading challenging works like 'The Brothers Karamazov' and 'Crime and Punishment' can be life-transforming.
🏞️ The speaker encourages readers to explore the roots of culture through foundational works like 'The Divine Comedy'.
📚 The speaker acknowledges the difficulty of certain books, like 'Finnegans Wake', and the personal growth that comes with attempting to read them.
🌟 The speaker emphasizes that while some books may be challenging, they offer rich rewards and contribute to a deeper understanding of the world.

Q & A

What is the speaker's opinion on Machado de Assis' works being used in Brazilian primary schools?
-The speaker believes that Machado de Assis' works, while dealing with complex themes and employing a direct yet challenging language, might not be entirely suitable for young students due to the thematic complexity.
According to the speaker, what is the key difference between a remedy and a poison?
-The speaker quotes the founder of homeopathy, Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, suggesting that the difference between a remedy and a poison is the dose.
What does the speaker suggest as an approach to engage young readers?
-The speaker recommends using contemporary and interesting contexts to attract young readers, implying that the content should be relevant and engaging to their lives.
Which short story by Machado de Assis is mentioned as being over 100 years old but still fascinating?
-The short story mentioned is 'The Man Who Knew How to Speak Japanese'.
What is the speaker's view on the accessibility of 'The Divine Comedy' for readers?
-The speaker suggests that 'The Divine Comedy' is one of the great adventures in literature but implies it may not be accessible to all readers due to its depth and complexity.
Why does the speaker recommend starting with Shakespeare's plays like 'Romeo and Juliet'?
-The speaker recommends starting with plays like 'Romeo and Juliet' because they are more accessible and can be appreciated through watching well-made films before reading the actual texts.
What strategy does the speaker use to approach challenging books like 'Finnegans Wake'?
-The speaker attempted to read 'Finnegans Wake' twice but gave up both times, indicating that it's a difficult book that requires improvement in reading skills to fully understand.
What does the speaker suggest about reading Dostoevsky's works?
-The speaker suggests that Dostoevsky's works, such as 'The Brothers Karamazov' and 'Crime and Punishment', are life-transforming and highly expressive, implying they are worth the effort to read despite their length and depth.
How does the speaker feel about reading 'Ulysses' by James Joyce?
-The speaker views 'Ulysses' as not as challenging as 'Finnegans Wake', suggesting it is more accessible in terms of language and narrative perspective.
What advice does the speaker give regarding the reading journey from youth to maturity?
-The speaker advises starting with shorter, more structured stories and gradually moving to more complex works as one's reading maturity and 'arsenal' grow.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Book Selection for Brazilian Schools

The speaker discusses the appropriateness of two books adopted in Brazilian schools, expressing a critical view towards Machado de Assis' works being taught at the fundamental level. They argue that themes like adultery, metaphysical skepticism, and the portrayal of characters like a fortune-teller and the 'Church of the Devil' might create a distance for young readers. The language, despite being direct with short sentences and paragraphs, could be challenging for its themes. The speaker then references the founder of homeopathy, suggesting that context and interesting narratives can attract young readers. They propose starting with contemporary and engaging stories before moving on to more complex works like 'The Divine Comedy' and 'Crime and Punishment', emphasizing the importance of a gradual approach to literary maturity.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Machado de Assis

Machado de Assis is a prominent Brazilian writer known for his unique narrative style and exploration of complex themes. In the script, he is mentioned as an author whose works might be challenging for younger readers due to the thematic depth and language, despite the directness of his writing. His work 'Dom Casmurro' is cited as an example, which deals with themes like adultery and metaphysical skepticism.

💡Homeopathy

Homeopathy is a form of alternative medicine that uses highly diluted substances to stimulate the body's self-healing mechanisms. The script references the founder of homeopathy, Samuel Hahnemann, and his famous quote about the difference between a remedy and a poison being the dose. This is used metaphorically to discuss the impact of literature on young minds, suggesting that the right 'dose' of challenging content can be beneficial.

💡Contemporary Contexts

Contemporary contexts refer to the modern and current social, cultural, and historical settings. The script suggests that engaging young readers with literature that reflects contemporary issues and themes can be a way to make reading more appealing and relevant. This approach is contrasted with the more challenging themes found in older literature.

💡Chronicle

A chronicle is a historical account of events arranged in chronological order. In the script, the speaker recommends starting with short chronicles by authors like Luis Fernando Veríssimo and Fernando Sabino to entice readers into longer and more complex works. The chronicle is presented as an accessible entry point into literature.

💡Fascinating Stories

The term 'fascinating stories' is used in the script to describe captivating narratives that can hook readers. The example given is the short story 'The Man Who Knew Too Much', which, despite being over a century old, remains engaging due to its compelling plot and timeless themes.

💡19th Century Literature

19th Century Literature refers to the literary works produced during the 1800s. The script mentions that once a reader has developed a certain maturity, they can delve into more challenging works from this period, such as 'The Alienist' by Machado de Assis, which is described as a well-structured and expanded narrative.

💡Cultural Heritage

Cultural heritage encompasses the traditions, values, and artistic achievements that contribute to a society's identity. The script suggests that as readers mature, they should explore the foundational works of their culture, like 'The Divine Comedy' by Dante Alighieri, to enrich their understanding and appreciation of their cultural heritage.

💡Accessibility

Accessibility in literature refers to how easily a text can be understood and enjoyed by a wide audience. The script discusses the importance of choosing accessible texts for beginners to build their reading skills and confidence before tackling more complex works.

💡Theater

Theater is a performing art form that combines acting, dialogue, and stagecraft to tell a story. The script mentions that while reading plays like Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet' can be challenging, watching well-made films or performances can provide a more accessible introduction to the world of theater.

💡Life-Changing Works

Life-changing works are literary pieces that have a profound impact on the reader's perspective or life. The script cites Dostoevsky's 'The Brothers Karamazov' and 'Crime and Punishment' as examples of such works. These novels are described as transformative, suggesting that they can deeply affect how one views the world.

💡Difficult Books

Difficult books are those that present a significant challenge to the reader, often due to complex language, themes, or structure. The script mentions 'Finnegans Wake' by James Joyce as an example of a difficult book that the speaker struggled with, highlighting the personal growth that can come from attempting to read and understand such works.

Highlights

The discussion is about the appropriateness of two books adopted in Brazilian schools for young readers.

Criticism of Machado de Assis' works being used in elementary education due to complex themes and language.

Machado de Assis' works are described as having a certain distance from the world, with a direct yet challenging language for young readers.

The analogy that the difference between a remedy and a poison is the dose, suggesting the importance of context and amount in literature.

Recommendation to attract young readers with contemporary and interesting contexts in literature.

Suggestion to start with short stories to engage readers who have never read the classics.

Recommendation of 'Conquistas' and 'Ótimos' as fascinating short stories that are over 100 years old but still relevant.

Advocacy for reading 'The Alienist' by Machado de Assis as a well-structured and expanded short story.

The idea that as readers mature, they can explore the roots of culture through works like 'The Divine Comedy'.

Emphasis on the accessibility of 'Emilia' by Neide and 'De Sucesso' as great adventures in literature.

The challenge of reading plays, suggesting starting with watching well-made films before reading the plays.

Recommendation to read 'Romeo and Juliet' and 'A Midsummer Night's Dream' by Shakespeare as they are plays meant to be seen.

The transformative power of works like 'The Brothers Karamazov' and 'Crime and Punishment' on people's lives.

Suggestion to read 'In Search of Lost Time' by Marcel Proust, which, despite its length, offers a rich reading experience.

The struggle and eventual decision to read 'Finnegans Wake' in English after an initial attempt in translation.

The acknowledgment that some books are inherently difficult, like 'Finnegans Wake', and the need to improve as a reader to tackle them.

The importance of not being afraid to face challenging literature, as it can lead to personal growth and a deeper understanding of the world.