Sejarah Lahirnya Kota Jakarta

Summary

This episode of 'Piro History' delves into the fascinating history of Jakarta, Indonesia's capital. From its earliest days as Sunda Kelapa, a bustling port under the Pajajaran Kingdom, to its renaming to Jayakarta after the fall of Portuguese control in 1527, Jakarta has seen many transformations. The Dutch later renamed it Batavia in 1619, and it became Jakarta again after Indonesia's independence. The video also touches on the city's challenges like traffic, floods, and crime, and ends with a visit to the historical Sunda Kelapa port.

Takeaways

• 🏙️ Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, has a rich and complex history that includes multiple name changes.
• 🌊 Originally known as Sunda Kelapa, it was a major port for water transportation and trade under the Sunda Kingdom.
• 🏰 In 1527, the city was captured by the Demak Sultanate, led by Fatahillah, and was renamed Jayakarta, meaning 'Victory City'.
• 🇳🇱 The Dutch, represented by the VOC (Dutch East India Company), arrived in 1602 and eventually took control of Jayakarta in 1619, changing its name to Batavia.
• 🗓️ June 22, 1527, is celebrated as the birthday of Jakarta, commemorating its founding under the name Jayakarta.
• 🇯🇵 During World War II, the Japanese occupied Batavia and renamed it to Tokyo Special City, although this name was short-lived.
• 🏛️ After the end of Japanese occupation, the city was briefly known as Kota Praya Jakarta under Dutch administration.
• 🏞️ The city's name was restored to Kota Praja Jakarta Raya after Indonesia gained full sovereignty in 1949.
• 📜 The final name change to Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta (Special Capital Region of Jakarta) occurred in 1961, establishing the current name.
• 🌐 The historical Sunda Kelapa port is now a heritage site located in the Penjaringan subdistrict of North Jakarta.

Q & A

What is the historical significance of Jakarta as a city?

Jakarta, as the capital of Indonesia, has a rich history that includes being a center for transportation and trade, experiencing various names and rulers, and facing challenges such as congestion, flooding, and crime.

What was the original name of Jakarta, and what does it mean?

The original name of Jakarta was Sunda Kelapa, which means a port city that was a center for water transportation and trade under the Sunda Kingdom.

When did Jakarta change its name from Sunda Kelapa to Jayakarta?

Jakarta changed its name from Sunda Kelapa to Jayakarta in 1527 when the Demak Kingdom, led by Fatahillah, conquered it and expelled the Portuguese.

What is the meaning behind the name Jayakarta?

Jayakarta means 'victorious city,' reflecting the victory of the Demak Kingdom over Sunda Kelapa.

How did the Dutch come to power in Jakarta, and what did they rename the city to?

The Dutch, led by Cornelis de Houtman, arrived in Jakarta in 1596 for trade but later, in 1619, they conquered the city and renamed it Batavia.

When did Japan occupy Jakarta, and what name did they give to the city?

Japan occupied Jakarta on March 5, 1942, and renamed the city to Tokyo Betsu.

What was the name of Jakarta during the period of the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration after World War II?

During the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration, Jakarta was known as Kota Praja Jakarta.

When did Jakarta become the capital of Indonesia again after the country's independence?

Jakarta became the capital of Indonesia again in 1949 after the Dutch relinquished full sovereignty to Indonesia.

What was the name change of Jakarta in 1961, and what does it represent?

In 1961, Jakarta changed its name from Kota Praja Jakarta to Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, which is the current official name, signifying it as a special capital region.

What is the current status of the Sunda Kelapa port, and where is it located?

The Sunda Kelapa port is now a historical site located in the Penjaringan subdistrict of North Jakarta.

What is the significance of June 22 in Jakarta's history?

June 22 is celebrated as the birthday of Jakarta, commemorating the day in 1527 when the city was renamed from Sunda Kelapa to Jayakarta.