Cara Pandang Pendiri Negara tentang rumusan Pancasila sebagai Dasar Negara

Perangkat Ajar 09

25 Jan 202305:00

Summary

TLDRThis educational video script delves into the foundational principles of Pancasila, Indonesia's philosophical belief system. It discusses the three different perspectives of its founders: Muhammad Yamin's focus on nationalism, humanity, divinity, people's welfare, and democracy; Soepomo's rejection of individualistic and class-based states in favor of an integralistic approach; and Soekarno's emphasis on nationalism, humanitarianism, deliberation, representation, and social welfare. The script highlights the historical development of Pancasila, its five principles, and the significance of its adoption as the national philosophy on June 1, 1945. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of Pancasila in daily life, encouraging viewers to uphold its values.

Takeaways

📜 Pancasila is a set of principles that form the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state.
👤 The concept of Pancasila was developed by three key figures: Soepomo, Muhammad Yamin, and Ir. Soekarno, each offering different perspectives.
🏛️ Muhammad Yamin proposed a state based on nationalism, humanity, theism, democracy, and the welfare of the people.
🏛️ Soepomo introduced three state theories: individualistic, class-based, and integralistic, advocating for an integralistic state that serves all groups.
🏛️ Soekarno presented five principles: nationalism, humanitarianism, deliberation, representation, social welfare, and belief in God.
🗓️ Pancasila was officially named and established on June 1, 1945, by a committee of eight members including Soekarno and Hatta.
🔄 There was initial disagreement within the committee on whether the state should be based on Islamic law, reflecting diverse religious views.
📜 The first principle of Pancasila, initially focused on Islamic law for its followers, was later revised to emphasize belief in one supreme God for all.
📜 The final Pancasila consists of five principles: belief in one supreme God, just and civilized humanity, unity of Indonesia, deliberative democracy, and social justice.
🏢 Pancasila is enshrined in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia and serves as the country's ideological foundation.

Q & A

What is Pancasila?
-Pancasila is the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, consisting of five principles that guide the nation's life, unity, and worldview.
Who were the three main figures that contributed to the formulation of Pancasila?
-The three main figures were Soepomo, Muhammad Yamin, and Ir. Soekarno, each providing different perspectives on the principles that would form Pancasila.
What are the five principles of Pancasila?
-The five principles of Pancasila are: 1) Belief in One Supreme God (Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa), 2) Just and Civilized Humanity (Kemanusiaan Yang Adil dan Beradab), 3) Unity of Indonesia (Persatuan Indonesia), 4) Democracy led by the wisdom of the representative council (Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan perwakilan), and 5) Social Justice for all Indonesian people (Keadilan Sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia).
What was the first proposal for the state ideology by Muhammad Yamin?
-Muhammad Yamin proposed a state ideology based on nationalism, humanism, theism, people's sovereignty, and people's welfare.
What are the three theories of state proposed by Soepomo?
-Soepomo proposed three theories of state: 1) Individualistic state, based on a social contract prioritizing individual interests, 2) Class or group state, influenced by Marxist theory, and 3) Integralistic state, which stands above all groups for the common good.
Which theory of state did Soepomo advocate for?
-Soepomo advocated for the Integralistic state, which he believed should not favor any particular group but stand for the unity of all.
What were the three main proposals by Ir. Soekarno for the state?
-Ir. Soekarno proposed: 1) Nationalism (kebangsaan), 2) Humanity or Internationalism (kemanusiaan), 3) Deliberation and consensus (musyawarah), 4) Guided democracy (mufakat), and 5) Social prosperity and belief in God (kesejahteraan).
When was Pancasila officially adopted as the state ideology of Indonesia?
-Pancasila was officially adopted as the state ideology of Indonesia on June 1, 1945.
What was the main disagreement during the formulation of Pancasila regarding the role of Islam?
-The main disagreement was between those who wanted a state based on Islamic law (sharia) and those who wanted a state not based on any particular religion's law.
How was the disagreement regarding the role of Islam in Pancasila resolved?
-The disagreement was resolved by changing the first principle to 'Belief in One Supreme God' (Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa), which respects the belief in one supreme deity without mandating adherence to a specific religion's laws.
What was the final decision regarding the inclusion of Islamic law in Pancasila?
-Islamic law was not included as the basis for the state, and instead, the principle of 'Belief in One Supreme God' was adopted to ensure Pancasila's universality and inclusivity for all Indonesians regardless of their religion.

Outlines

00:00

📜 Introduction to Pancasila

This paragraph introduces the topic of Pancasila, the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state. It mentions that the video will explore how the founding fathers viewed the formulation of Pancasila. The paragraph sets the stage for understanding the historical context and the significance of Pancasila as a symbol of national unity and the guiding principles of the Indonesian nation.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Pancasila

Pancasila is the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, consisting of five principles that guide the nation's social, political, and cultural life. In the video, it is discussed as the core ideology that was formulated by the founding fathers to establish the state's identity and values. The script mentions the historical process of its formulation and its significance in shaping the Indonesian nation.

💡Soepomo

Soepomo was one of the key figures in the development of Pancasila. In the script, he is noted for proposing a state philosophy that rejected both individualistic and class-based states, advocating instead for an integralistic or unified state that serves the interests of all groups. His perspective was one of the three viewpoints considered in the formulation of Pancasila.

💡Muhammad Yamin

Muhammad Yamin is mentioned in the script as another influential figure who contributed to the development of Pancasila. He proposed a state based on principles of nationalism, humanity, theism, democracy, and the welfare of the people. His input was one of the three perspectives that were considered, highlighting the importance of a state that values humanism and welfare.

💡Insinyur Soekarno

Insinyur Soekarno, often referred to as Bung Karno, was the first President of Indonesia. In the video, he is depicted as a central figure in the formulation of Pancasila, presenting a proposal that includes nationalism, humanitarianism, deliberation and consensus, representation, and social welfare. His ideas were integral to the final form of Pancasila.

💡Ketuhanan

Ketuhanan, or the belief in one supreme God, is the first principle of Pancasila. The script discusses the evolution of this principle, initially including a requirement for Muslims to follow Islamic law, but later amended to a more inclusive concept of a supreme God, reflecting the religious diversity of Indonesia.

💡Kemanusiaan

Kemanusiaan, or humanism, is the second principle of Pancasila, emphasizing a just and civilized humanity. The video script highlights this principle as a cornerstone of the Indonesian state, promoting fairness and decency in social conduct and governance.

💡Persatuan Indonesia

Persatuan Indonesia, or the unity of Indonesia, is the third principle of Pancasila. It underscores the importance of maintaining the unity of the diverse archipelago that makes up the nation. The script discusses how this principle is vital for the cohesion and integrity of the country.

💡Kerakyatan

Kerakyatan, or the people's sovereignty, is the fourth principle of Pancasila. It highlights the role of the people in governing the state through wisdom and consultation. The script illustrates how this principle is implemented through democratic processes and representation.

💡Keadilan Sosial

Keadilan Sosial, or social justice, is the fifth principle of Pancasila. It focuses on ensuring the welfare of all citizens, promoting a fair distribution of resources and opportunities. The video script connects this principle to the broader goals of social harmony and progress in Indonesia.

💡Musyawarah dan Mufakat

Musyawarah and Mufakat refer to deliberation and consensus, which are integral to the democratic process as outlined in Pancasila. The script mentions these concepts as part of the fourth principle, emphasizing the importance of collective decision-making and agreement in governance.

💡PPKI

PPKI stands for 'Pemerintah Pejuang Republik Indonesia' or 'Provisional Government of the Republic of Indonesia.' The script refers to PPKI's role in officially establishing Pancasila as the state ideology on August 18, 1945, through the opening of the 1945 Constitution.

Highlights

Introduction to the study of Pancasila, the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian nation.

Pancasila is a manifestation of the national character, symbolized through the national emblem and as a life view for Indonesians.

Three sources of Pancasila proposals emerged from Soepomo, Muhammad Yamin, and Engineer Soekarno, each with different perspectives but the same goal.

Muhammad Yamin proposed the state foundations of Indonesia focusing on nationalism, humanity, belief in one God, people's sovereignty, and people's welfare.

Soepomo introduced three state theories: individualistic, class-based, and integralistic, advocating for an integralistic state that stands above all groups' interests.

Soekarno's perspective included nationalism, humanitarianism, deliberation, representation, social welfare, and belief in one God with cultural aspects.

Pancasila was officially named on June 1, 1945, by a committee of eight members, including Soekarno and Hatta.

The committee had discussions on the state foundations, with Islamic groups wanting a state based on Islamic law and nationalists wanting a secular state.

On June 22, 1945, a consensus was reached on the state foundation, which was included in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution.

The first principle of Pancasila initially faced criticism from non-Islamic religious groups, leading to its amendment.

The first principle was changed to 'Belief in One God' to be more inclusive of all Indonesians, not just Muslims.

On August 18, 1945, Pancasila was established as the state foundation, written in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution, consisting of five principles.

The five principles of Pancasila are: 1) Belief in One God, 2) Just and civilized humanity, 3) Unity of Indonesia, 4) People's sovereignty through wise deliberation, and 5) Social justice for all Indonesians.

Understanding the founders' perspectives on Pancasila is essential for applying its values in daily life.

The video concludes by encouraging viewers to apply Pancasila values and to look forward to future videos.