Materi 8 : Pancasila sebagai sistem Filsafat.Pertemuan 8 Bu Devi

Summary

In this lecture on Pancasila as a philosophical system, Deviana Yunita Sari explores the foundational principles of Pancasila, discussing its ontological, epistemological, and axiological aspects. The lecture defines philosophy etymologically, introduces key philosophical problems, and explains how Pancasila serves as a reflection of critical thought on Indonesia's state ideology. It examines the interconnectedness of Pancasila's five principles and emphasizes their holistic approach to human existence, knowledge, and values, distinguishing Pancasila from other philosophical systems such as materialism or liberalism.

Takeaways

• 😀 Pancasila is introduced as both a philosophical system and the foundational ideology of Indonesia.
• 😀 The term 'philosophy' is derived from the Greek 'philosophia', meaning the love of wisdom, combining 'philos' (friend, lover) and 'sophia' (wisdom).
• 😀 Philosophy addresses three main areas: existence (ontology), knowledge (epistemology), and values (axiology).
• 😀 Pancasila is defined as a reflection of values and thought, aiming to understand the fundamental principles of the Indonesian state and its culture.
• 😀 Pancasila was crafted through deep reflection by Indonesia's founding fathers, forming a system that guides the nation’s ideology.
• 😀 The deductive method involves analyzing the essence of Pancasila, while the inductive method looks at social and cultural phenomena to extract meaning.
• 😀 Ontologically, Pancasila is based on the nature of humanity, which is both plural and unified (monopluralism and monodualism).
• 😀 Epistemologically, Pancasila is a system of knowledge and requires rationality, particularly in its role as a guiding framework for the nation.
• 😀 Axiologically, Pancasila incorporates moral and ethical values that shape the Indonesian people's unity, justice, and social well-being.
• 😀 Pancasila is contrasted with other philosophical systems, such as materialism and idealism, highlighting its distinctiveness in guiding the Indonesian state.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of this lecture on Pancasila?

The main purpose of the lecture is to help students understand Pancasila as a system of philosophy, covering its ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations.

What does the term 'philosophy' mean etymologically?

Etymologically, the term 'philosophy' comes from the Greek word 'philosophia,' which is a combination of 'philos' (meaning lover or friend) and 'sophia' (meaning wisdom or knowledge), thus meaning 'love of wisdom.'

What are the three main problems in philosophy discussed in the lecture?

The three main problems in philosophy are ontology (the study of existence), epistemology (the study of knowledge), and axiology (the study of values).

How is Pancasila defined as a philosophy?

Pancasila is defined as a critical and rational reflection on the state ideology and the cultural reality of Indonesia, aimed at obtaining a comprehensive understanding of its fundamental principles.

What are the two main approaches to studying Pancasila as a philosophy?

The two main approaches are the deductive approach, which analyzes the essence of Pancasila and its components systematically, and the inductive approach, which observes social and cultural phenomena and reflects on their deeper meanings.

What does the ontological study of Pancasila focus on?

The ontological study of Pancasila focuses on understanding the nature of its five principles, which are interconnected and based on the concept of human nature, specifically the dual and unified aspects of humanity.

What is the ontological foundation of Pancasila?

The ontological foundation of Pancasila is human nature, described as 'monopluralis' and 'monodualis,' which emphasizes both unity and diversity in humanity.

How is Pancasila understood epistemologically?

Epistemologically, Pancasila is viewed as a system of knowledge that must be understood rationally. It serves as a coherent body of knowledge contributing to the understanding of the nation's values and principles.

What does the axiological study of Pancasila address?

The axiological study of Pancasila addresses the values embedded in the principles of Pancasila, such as belief in God, humanity, unity, democracy, and social justice, which are central to Indonesian ethics and moral values.

How does Pancasila differ from other philosophical systems?

Pancasila differs from other philosophical systems like materialism, idealism, and liberalism due to its unique focus on human nature and its comprehensive, value-based framework for creating a just and unified society.