DOM PEDRO II E O SEGUNDO REINADO || VOGALIZANDO A HISTÓRIA

Summary

This video delves into the life and reign of Dom Pedro II, the longest-serving ruler of Brazil, from 1840 to 1889. It explores his early life, including his ascension at a young age, his education, and the challenges he faced during his reign, such as political instability and the issue of slavery. The video also touches on his personal life, including his marriage to Teresa Cristina and their children. It highlights his contributions to Brazil's growth, his relationships with international figures, and the eventual decline of the empire leading to the end of his rule and his exile. The narrative concludes with his final days in Europe and his lasting legacy in Brazilian history.

Takeaways

• 😀 Dom Pedro II was the longest reigning leader of Brazil, ruling from 1840 to 1889, a period of 49 years.
• 🏛️ The first constitution of Brazil, granted by Dom Pedro I in 1824, was controversial due to the establishment of the 'poder moderador', which allowed the Emperor to intervene in the other branches of government.
• 🗳️ The electoral system during Dom Pedro I's reign was restrictive, with only a small portion of the male population having the right to vote based on property and income qualifications.
• 👑 On April 7, 1831, Dom Pedro I abdicated the throne and returned to Portugal, leaving his five-year-old son, Pedro II, as the Emperor.
• 👶 Pedro II's early life was marked by tragedy and isolation, being orphaned at a young age and having a strict educational regimen that prepared him for his future role.
• 🎓 Dom Pedro II was highly educated, speaking multiple languages and showing a keen interest in literature, history, and science.
• 🚂 Under Dom Pedro II's reign, Brazil experienced significant technological advancements and economic growth, including the introduction of electricity and the construction of the first railway.
• 🔗 Dom Pedro II's marriage to Teresa Cristina was arranged, and despite initial disappointments, they maintained a respectful relationship, producing several children.
• 🌎 Dom Pedro II was a popular figure both nationally and internationally, and he played a crucial role in maintaining Brazil's unity during a period of political instability.
• ⚖️ The end of Dom Pedro II's reign was marked by political changes, with the rise of republicanism and the eventual overthrow of the monarchy, leading to his exile in Europe.

Q & A

Who was the longest-serving ruler of Brazil?

Dom Pedro Segundo was the longest-serving ruler of Brazil, reigning from 1840 to 1889, a period of 49 years.

What significant event happened in Brazil on September 7, 1822?

On September 7, 1822, Brazil declared its independence, with Dom Pedro I being the protagonist of this process.

What was the controversial aspect of Brazil's first constitution?

The controversial aspect of Brazil's first constitution was the establishment of the moderating power, which allowed the Emperor to intervene in the executive, legislative, and judiciary branches if he deemed it necessary.

Why was Dom Pedro I's government marked by instability and political crises?

Dom Pedro I's government was marked by instability and political crises due to the dissatisfaction with the constitution and the restrictive voting system that favored the wealthy, leading to widespread discontent among the population.

Why did Dom Pedro I abdicate the throne in 1831?

Dom Pedro I abdicated the throne in 1831 to return to Portugal, leaving his five-year-old son, Dom Pedro II, in command, as he could only assume the throne officially at the age of 18.

Who was Dom Pedro II's stepmother figure during his upbringing?

Dom Pedro II's stepmother figure during his upbringing was Dona Mariana Carlota Joaquina, whom he affectionately called 'Dona Carlota'.

What was the 'Golpe da Maioridade' and why was it significant?

The 'Golpe da Maioridade' was a political move in 1840 that allowed Dom Pedro II to assume the throne before he turned 18, ending the regency period and beginning his reign.

How did Dom Pedro II's marriage to Teresa Cristina impact his reign?

Dom Pedro II's marriage to Teresa Cristina, despite not being a love match, provided stability and respectability to his reign, and they cultivated a good friendship, which was important for his role as Emperor.

What were some of the technological advancements during Dom Pedro II's reign?

During Dom Pedro II's reign, Brazil saw the arrival of electricity, the construction of the first railway, and the installation of the first sewage treatment system, reflecting the influence of the Industrial Revolution.

Why was the 'Questão do Cristo' a diplomatic crisis between Brazil and England?

The 'Questão do Cristo' was a diplomatic crisis between Brazil and England due to the sinking of a British ship by Brazilian authorities and the subsequent arrest of English sailors, which escalated into a demand for indemnification and punishment by the British.

How did Dom Pedro II's reign end?

Dom Pedro II's reign ended with the coup led by Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca, who was manipulated by republicans to act against the Emperor. Despite his popularity, Dom Pedro II was exiled to Europe, and the monarchy was abolished.