subnetting is simple

Summary

The video script by Sunny introduces the concept of subnetting, a method to divide an IP network into smaller segments to enhance performance and security. Sunny simplifies the process with a 'Sunny Subnetting Table' to determine subnets, host ID ranges, and broadcast IDs. Using a practical example, Sunny demonstrates how to create three subnets from a given network ID, explaining each step clearly to make subnetting accessible and straightforward.

Takeaways

• 😀 Subnetting is the process of dividing a network into smaller networks to improve performance and security.
• 📚 Basic knowledge of subnet masks, network ID, host ID, and broadcast ID is essential for understanding subnetting.
• 🔑 The 'Sunny Subnetting Table' is a simple and powerful tool for solving subnetting problems, with rows for subnets, hosts, and subnet masks.
• 🔢 The first row of the Sunny Table lists numbers doubling from 1 to 256, representing the number of subnets possible.
• 🔠 The second row lists the total host IDs for each subnet, halving from 256 down to 1, which is the reverse of the first row.
• 🛡️ The third row of the Sunny Table shows the shorthand format of subnet masks, starting from /24 and increasing to /32.
• 🏢 In the given example, the task is to create three subnets for different areas of a coffee shop using a /24 subnet mask.
• 🔎 To find the suitable subnets, look at the Sunny Table and choose a column that allows for the desired number of subnets.
• 📈 The chosen subnets will have a /26 subnet mask, indicating four subnets with 64 host IDs each, minus two for network and broadcast IDs.
• 📝 Each subnet's information includes the network ID, subnet mask, usable host IDs (64-2=62), and broadcast ID, which is the last ID in each range.
• 📉 Subnetting has a downside of wasting one subnet, as in the example where only three out of four possible subnets are used.

Q & A

What is subnetting?

Subnetting is the process of dividing a network into two or more smaller networks, known as subnets. It is a logical subdivision of an IP network.

What are the main purposes of subnetting?

The main purposes of subnetting are to relieve network congestion and improve network performance and security.

What is a subnet mask and why is it used?

A subnet mask is used to separate the network ID from the host ID in an IP address. It is used to determine the size of the subnets and the number of usable host addresses within each subnet.

What are the basic knowledge requirements for understanding subnetting?

Basic knowledge requirements for understanding subnetting include understanding of IP addresses, network ID, host ID, and broadcast ID.

What is the Sunny Subnetting Table mentioned in the script?

The Sunny Subnetting Table is a simple and powerful tool created by Sunny to help with subnetting calculations. It includes rows for subnet numbers, host numbers, and subnet masks in shorthand format.

How does the Sunny Subnetting Table help in solving subnetting problems?

The Sunny Subnetting Table provides a systematic way to determine the number of subnets, the number of hosts per subnet, and the new subnet masks when dividing a network.

What is the pattern for the first row of the Sunny Subnetting Table?

The pattern for the first row of the Sunny Subnetting Table starts with 1 and doubles each subsequent number, such as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256.

What is the pattern for the second row of the Sunny Subnetting Table?

The second row of the Sunny Subnetting Table starts with 256 and halves each subsequent number, which is the reverse order of the first row.

What is the shorthand format used for the third row of the Sunny Subnetting Table?

The shorthand format used for the third row of the Sunny Subnetting Table is the subnet mask notation, starting with /24 and increasing by 1 for each subsequent entry up to /32.

How many usable host IDs are there in each subnet when using a /26 subnet mask?

When using a /26 subnet mask, there are 64 total host IDs for each subnet. However, the first and last IDs are reserved for the network and broadcast addresses, respectively, leaving 62 usable host IDs.

How can you find the broadcast ID for each subnet?

The broadcast ID for each subnet is the last host ID in the subnet range. It can be found by adding 1 to the network ID of the next subnet or by adding the subnet size (64 in the case of /26) to the previous broadcast ID.

What is the host ID range for each subnet?

The host ID range for each subnet is the range of usable host IDs between the network ID and the broadcast ID, excluding the network and broadcast IDs themselves.

What is the downside of subnetting mentioned in the script?

The downside of subnetting mentioned in the script is the potential waste of one subnet when dividing a network into a specific number of subnets that does not perfectly match the available subnets from the subnetting process.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Introduction to Subnetting

The script begins with an introduction to subnetting, explaining it as a logical division of an IP network. The process involves dividing a network into two or more networks to alleviate congestion and enhance security. The video aims to simplify the complex concept of subnetting using the 'Sunny Way'. Basic knowledge such as subnet masks, network ID, host ID, and broadcast ID is assumed. Links to additional resources are provided for viewers who need them. The video is longer than usual, and the presenter, Sunny, uses an example of creating subnets for a coffee shop to illustrate the process.

05:04

📚 Sunny Subnetting Table and Subnet Calculation

This paragraph introduces the 'Sunny Subnetting Table', a tool to simplify subnetting calculations. The table consists of rows representing subnet numbers, host numbers, and subnet masks. The presenter uses the table to demonstrate how to find suitable subnets for the coffee shop example, choosing a /26 subnet mask that allows for four subnets, each with 64 total host IDs. The script explains how to calculate the network ID, subnet mask, usable host IDs, and broadcast IDs for each subnet, emphasizing the process of incrementing by 64 to find subsequent network IDs and subtracting 2 from the total host IDs to find usable host IDs.

10:05

🔢 Listing Subnet Details and Address Ranges

The final paragraph focuses on listing the details for each of the four subnets derived from the Sunny Subnetting Table, including the network ID, subnet mask, usable host IDs, and broadcast IDs. It also explains how to determine the host ID range for each subnet, which lies between the network ID and the broadcast ID. The script provides a method to calculate the broadcast ID by subtracting 1 from the next network ID and emphasizes the simplicity of the Sunny method for solving subnetting problems. The presenter concludes by acknowledging the viewer's patience and invites questions, promising a follow-up video on further subnetting topics.

Keywords

💡Subnetting

Subnetting refers to the process of dividing a larger IP network into smaller, more manageable networks known as subnets. This is essential for improving network performance, security, and organization. In the video, subnetting is the main theme, and the script explains how to create subnets for a coffee shop example, dividing the network into separate areas for the office, front desk, storage room, and public use.

💡IP Network

An IP network is a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol (IP) for communication among devices. It is the fundamental concept behind the internet and local area networks. The script discusses subnetting within the context of an IP network, showing how to logically subdivide it to create subnets.

💡Network Congestion

Network congestion occurs when a high amount of data traffic leads to slower network performance. Subnetting can help alleviate this by organizing the network into smaller segments, which can reduce traffic on any single segment. The script mentions network congestion as one of the problems that subnetting aims to solve.

💡Network Performance

Network performance refers to the efficiency and speed at which data is transmitted over a network. Subnetting can enhance network performance by creating smaller networks that are easier to manage and less prone to congestion. The video script emphasizes the improvement of network performance as a benefit of subnetting.

💡Security

In the context of networking, security involves protecting the network from unauthorized access and potential threats. Subnetting can improve security by isolating different parts of the network, making it harder for unauthorized users to access the entire network. The script identifies security as another advantage of subnetting.

💡Subnet Mask

A subnet mask is a 32-bit number used in IP networking to separate the network ID from the host ID in an IP address. It plays a crucial role in subnetting by defining the division between network and host portions of an IP address. The script explains how to determine the new subnet mask after subnetting, such as changing from /24 to /26.

💡Host ID

A host ID is the portion of an IP address that identifies a specific device within a network or subnet. The script discusses how the host ID, along with the network ID and broadcast ID, is used in the subnetting process, and how to calculate the range of usable host IDs for each subnet.

💡Broadcast ID

The broadcast ID is the last address in a subnet, used to send data to all hosts within that subnet. It is important in subnetting to ensure that broadcast messages are contained within the subnet. The script explains how to calculate the broadcast ID for each subnet and its significance in network communication.

💡Sunny Subnetting Table

The Sunny Subnetting Table is a tool introduced in the script to simplify the process of subnetting. It is a table with rows representing different subnet numbers, host numbers, and subnet masks, which helps in determining the characteristics of each subnet created. The script uses this table to demonstrate the subnetting process for the coffee shop example.

💡Network ID

The network ID is the part of an IP address that identifies the specific network to which a device belongs. In the context of subnetting, the original network ID is divided into multiple subnets, each with its own network ID. The script uses the network ID to illustrate the creation of subnets and how to calculate subsequent subnet IDs.

💡Usable Host IDs

Usable host IDs are the IP addresses within a subnet that can be assigned to devices, excluding the network ID and broadcast ID. The script explains how to calculate the number of usable host IDs in a subnet, which is crucial for understanding the capacity of each subnet for device connectivity.

Highlights

Introduction to the concept of subnetting as a logical subdivision of an IP network.

The primary purpose of subnetting is to alleviate network congestion and enhance performance and security.

Subnetting is a topic that may appear in network certification exams like CompTIA Network+.

Simplification of the complex process of subnetting through the 'Sunny Way' of subnetting.

Basic knowledge required for subnetting includes understanding subnet masks, network ID, host ID, and broadcast ID.

The importance of building a table for solving subnetting questions, referred to as the 'Sunny Subnetting Table'.

The Sunny Subnetting Table consists of rows for subnet numbers, host numbers, and subnet masks.

Pattern explanation of the Sunny Subnetting Table, where each row follows a specific doubling or halving sequence.

A practical example of subnetting a network for a coffee shop with specific requirements.

How to determine the number of subnets and the corresponding subnet mask using the Sunny Table.

Process of listing subnet information including network ID, subnet mask, host ID range, and broadcast ID.

Explanation of how to calculate the first network ID and subsequent IDs by adding the subnet size.

Clarification on the number of usable host IDs, considering the network and broadcast IDs.

Method to determine broadcast IDs for each subnet by using the next subnet's network ID minus one.

How to find the host ID range for each subnet, which lies between the network and broadcast IDs.

The downside of subnetting, which includes the potential waste of one subnet.

Invitation for viewers to practice subnetting with a similar question provided for additional learning.

Promise of a follow-up video to further explore subnetting a subnet using the Sunny Table.

Acknowledgment of the viewers' patience and an invitation for questions and comments for further assistance.

Transcripts

hello and this is sunny welcome back

today my topic is subnetting a subnet is

a logical subdivision of IP network the

process of dividing a network into two

or more networks is called subnetting

the main purpose of subnetting is to

help relieve a network congestion and

improve network performance security is

another benefit of a subnet iam besides

your network a professor may test you

about subnetting Kampuchea national

network plaza certification also expects

you to know how to subnet however some

textbooks make subnetting is very

complicated and confusing in this video

I will use a very simple way

sunny way of subnetting and after this

video you will find subnetting is not a

difficult at all however in order to

understand subnetting we do need some

basic knowledge such as sadness mosque

network ID host ID and a broadcast ID i

put several videos links below just in

case you needed them one more point this

video is much longer than most of my

other videos so please bear with me

[Music]

let's take a look at my example one day

your supervisor walks to you seeing

here's a network ID place it create

three separate networks or subnets for

coffee shop sunny cafe why is for the

office why is for the front desk and

storage room and one is for the public

use your task is to list each service

network ID subnet mask host ideal range

the number of will useful host IDs and

broadcast ID I put this example below

this video so you can copy to your

document for your reference as we

discuss the process of subnetting first

is first let's build a table this table

is the most critical because once we

build it we can easily solve most

subnetting questions and this table has

a three rows the first row is a subnet

with nine numbers we start with 1 then 2

4 8 16 32 64 128 and 256 the pattern is

each number is a double of is previous

number okay

the second row is a host this row tells

the number were total host IDs for each

new subnet start with 256 then 128 64 32

16 8 4 2 and

one the pattern is each number is half

of his previous number or the second row

is the reverse order of the first row

you see everyone can handle this right

the third row is a subnet mask we use

shorthand format starting with 24 25 26

27 28 29 30 31 32 well we are done I

call this table sunny subnetting table

or simply sunny table because is a

simple sunny but a powerful table for

subnetting and a subnetting subnet now

we use a sonnet able to solve the

subnetting example mission about let's

go back to the question you are giving a

network ID 100 mm 168 4.0 / 24/24 somnus

mosque you are required to get three

subnets three is the key keyword now

look at the sunny table and it try to

find the three subnets in the first or

in the top row of course there is no

exactly 3 semanas

but for subnets are suitable because we

can get 4 subnets and choose any three

subnets for sunny cafe so we choose a

full subnets for let me circle the whole

column ignoring all other columns

because we only use this three numbers

and we can get all our answers just from

this column or these three numbers for

eighty-four and a slash 26:4 means four

subnets sixty-four means each subnet

each new subnet we are how was 64 total

host ideas including network ID and a

broadcast ID / 26 is the new subnet mask

for all these four subnets

[Music]

well let's list all these four subnets

information a network ID subnet mask

host ID wrench the number we'll use for

host IDs and broadcast ID let's find the

first network ID the first network ID is

always the original network ID which is

1 and E 2 tau 168 are 4.0 that's easy

right

I use read found to emphasize the last

number because the first three numbers

stay the same across the table so place

just a focus on last number in red we

will get next network ID by simply

adding 64 to is previous network ID

therefore the second network ID is 0

plus 64 which is a 64 the third network

ID would be 64 + 64 which is 128 the

fourth network ID is 128 plus 64 which

is 192

now subnet mask for each subnet well

they are all / 26

the original subnet mask is slash 24 we

are done with a sub s mask column

now let's list the number of a usable

host IDs and we can also find an answer

from the sunny table which is 64 64 is

the total number of a host IDs for each

Network or each subnet but the first

host ID is reserved for network ID and

alas the host ID is reserved for

broadcast ID thus the number of useable

host ID is 64 minus 2 which is a 62 thus

we write down 62 for all 4 subnets we

are done with the fourth column now

let's look at at the broadcast ID for

each subnet keep in mind the last host

ID is reserved for his broadcast ID

therefore broadcast ID for the first

subnet is 63 and we can tell with the

reference to the next network ID 64 next

broadcast ID is 127

next one is 191

and that the last broadcast ID is 255 we

can say the broadcast ID equals next

subnet networks ID minus 1 we can also

do like this once you know the first

broadcast the ID 63 and then you can

simply add 64 to get the second

broadcast ID and the 63 plus 64 is 1 2

new semi and if they add 64 2 1 2 new

semi which we get the third brother Casa

ID 1 91 and then they increase by 64

again to get the fourth broadcast the ID

which is 255 we are almost done

one last column the host ID arrange a

subnet host ID range is is any IDs

between his network ID and a broadcast

ID for the first subnet 1 262 is between

network ID 0 and broadcast ID 63 the

second host an ideal range 65 to 126 is

between 64 and 127th the third host ID

range 129 to 190 is between 128 and 191

the fourth host ID range is between 192

and a 255 which is 193 to 254 so to keep

simple we only talked about it last a

number and because the first of three

numbers stay the same

that's all we get all answers you can

assign any 3 out of 4 subnets for sunny

cafe 1 subnet

is wasted of course that's the downsides

of subnetting no biggie I want to thank

you for following me at this point you

are a very patient person for listening

to me with my strong English accent even

though the process sounds a tedious but

once you get to know how to do it you

can solve any similar questions in no

time I put a 1 similar question below

for your practice I also provided the

answer below for your reference if you

have a questions please feel free to

leave your comments or ask me questions

I would be happy to help you in next

video I will go one step further

subnetting a subnet using the same sunny

table in same sunny way please stay

tuned thank you very much and see you

next time

[Music]