Percentage Implementation
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script delves into the practical application of percentages in everyday scenarios, focusing on comparative costs to determine the best value for money. It teaches viewers how to calculate the cost per unit for products like apples and understand sales tax implications on items such as computers. The script also explains the progressive nature of income tax in Indonesia, using an example to illustrate tax calculations for different salary brackets. Lastly, it introduces currency conversion, demonstrating how to exchange Indonesian Rupiah to Japanese Yen, providing a real-world application for travelers.
Takeaways
- 📈 The main topic of the lesson is understanding percentages and their application in solving real-life problems, particularly those involving money.
- 🍎 Comparative cost analysis is taught by comparing the value for money of two different products, such as two types of apples, by calculating the cost per gram.
- 💰 To determine the best value, it's necessary to standardize either the cost or the size of the items being compared, in this case, by finding the cost per gram of apples.
- 📊 The Apple Fuji is determined to be a better value for money because it costs less per gram compared to the other apple variety.
- 🛒 Sales tax is a percentage added to the original price of an item, and the final price is calculated by multiplying the original price by 100% plus the tax rate.
- 💻 An example given is a computer with a base price of 1,200 plus a 15% sales tax, resulting in a final price of 1,380.
- 🏦 Income tax is based on earnings and is structured with different tax rates or brackets for varying income levels, with higher earners paying a higher percentage.
- 📉 In Indonesia, tax bands are used to determine the tax rate based on annual salary, with rates ranging from 5% for lower incomes to higher percentages for higher earners.
- 👩⚕️ An example calculation for Maya, a veterinarian, shows how to determine her monthly income tax bill based on her annual salary and the tax brackets.
- 🌐 Currency conversion is essential for international travel and transactions, requiring accurate exchange rates to convert one currency to another.
- 💱 The script provides an example of converting Indonesian Rupiah to Japanese Yen for a student's trip to Japan, using a given conversion rate.
- 🗂️ A table of conversion rates is used to determine how much of the foreign currency one will receive for a given amount of their home currency.
Q & A
What is the main objective of today's lesson on percentages?
-The main objective is to solve real-life problems involving percentages and money, to determine which product or service offers better value for money, carry out calculations involving money, and learn how to convert between currencies.
How can we compare the value for money of two different products with different quantities and prices?
-To compare the value for money, we need to make the cost or the size of the products the same. This can be done by calculating the cost per unit (e.g., cost per gram) for both products and then comparing these unit costs.
What is the formula to calculate the final price of an item including sales tax?
-The formula to calculate the final price including sales tax is to multiply the original price by (100% + the tax rate).
How is the income tax calculated in Indonesia, and how does it vary with different income levels?
-In Indonesia, income tax is calculated based on different tax bands. The tax rate varies depending on the income level, with higher earners paying a higher percentage of their income in taxes.
What is the tax rate for an annual salary up to 60 million Indonesian rupiahs?
-For an annual salary up to 60 million Indonesian rupiahs, the tax rate is 5%.
How much is Maya's monthly income tax bill if she earns 6 million Indonesian rupiahs as a veterinarian?
-Maya's monthly income tax bill is calculated by first determining her annual salary, then applying the appropriate tax rates to the different tax bands, and finally dividing the total annual tax by 12 to get the monthly amount.
What is the conversion rate of Indonesian rupiahs to Japanese yen according to the script?
-The conversion rate is 0.0964 Japanese yen for one Indonesian rupiah.
If Maya exchanges 1 million Indonesian rupiahs, how many Japanese yen will she get?
-Maya will get 96,400 Japanese yen if she exchanges 1 million Indonesian rupiahs at the given conversion rate.
What is the purpose of comparing the cost per gram of two different types of apples in the script?
-The purpose is to determine which type of apple offers better value for money by comparing the cost per gram, allowing for an accurate comparison despite different quantities and prices.
Why is it important to understand the concept of comparative cost when shopping for products?
-Understanding comparative cost is important to make informed decisions about which product offers the best value for money, especially when the products come in different sizes or quantities.
What is the significance of knowing the tax rates when calculating income tax in Indonesia?
-Knowing the tax rates is crucial for accurately calculating the income tax owed, as it helps determine the correct amount of tax to be paid based on the individual's income level and the corresponding tax band.
Outlines
📈 Comparative Cost and Value for Money
The first paragraph introduces the topic of percentage implementation in solving real-life problems, particularly focusing on comparative cost to determine the best value for money. It uses the example of two types of apples, Fuji and AI, priced differently by weight. The explanation demonstrates how to calculate the cost per gram to compare and decide which apple offers better value. The concept of sales tax is also introduced, with an example of how to calculate the final price of a computer including a 15% sales tax.
💼 Income Tax Calculation and Progressive Tax System
The second paragraph delves into the concept of income tax, emphasizing the progressive tax system where richer individuals are taxed at higher rates than poorer ones. It outlines the tax bands in Indonesia and uses the example of Maya, a veterinarian, to illustrate how her annual income tax is calculated. The calculation includes determining which tax band applies to her income, calculating the tax for each band, and then dividing the total annual tax by 12 to find her monthly tax bill.
🌐 Foreign Currency Exchange and Conversion Rates
The final paragraph discusses the importance of accurate currency conversion rates in international travel and transactions. It provides a table of conversion rates and uses the example of Maya, who is planning a trip to Japan, to demonstrate how to convert Indonesian Rupiah to Japanese Yen using the given rates. The summary includes the calculation of how much Japanese Yen Maya would receive for one million Indonesian Rupiah based on the conversion rate.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Percentage
💡Implementation
💡Comparative Cost
💡Best Value for Money
💡Sales Tax
💡Income Tax
💡Tax Bands
💡Currency Conversion
💡Conversion Rates
💡Real-life Problems
💡Calculations Involving Money
Highlights
Today's topic is about the implementation of percentage in solving real-life problems involving money.
Learning objectives include determining the better value for money product or service and performing money-related calculations.
The lesson will cover how to convert between different currencies.
Comparative cost analysis will be taught to find the best value for money between two products.
An example is given comparing the cost per gram of two types of apples to determine which is a better value.
Apple Fuji is priced at 63,000 rupias for 900 grams, while Apple AI costs 120,000 rupias per kilogram.
To compare, the cost per gram of each apple type is calculated, revealing Apple Fuji as the better value.
Sales tax is explained as a tax included in the price of most articles, with some items exempt.
A formula is provided to calculate the final price after adding sales tax to the original price.
An example calculates the selling price of a computer with a 15% sales tax.
Income tax is discussed, with rates varying based on income levels, reflecting a progressive tax system.
Indonesia's tax bands are explained, with different rates for various income levels.
A calculation example determines Maya's monthly income tax bill based on her annual salary.
Maya's total annual income tax is calculated, then divided by 12 to find her monthly tax obligation.
Foreign currency exchange is the final topic, emphasizing the importance of accurate conversion rates.
A conversion rate table is used to determine how much Japanese Yen Maya would get for one million Indonesian rupias.
Maya's exchange calculation results in 964,000 Japanese Yen for her travel expenses.
Transcripts
hello everyone today's topic
is percentage
implementation and our learning
objectives is to solve real life
problems involving percentages and
money and some of the problems that we
will
be learning is decide which product or
service is better value for money and
Carry Out calculations involving money
and lastly we'll be learning how to
convert between
currencies okay so first topic is
comparative cost we're going to cover
how to do Best Buy CS which involve
comparing two items to see which which
one of them is best value for money for
example let's imagine that we had the
option of buying two kinds of apple and
we want to know which one of them was
best value for money Apple Fuji
is 900 G and cost 63,000 rupias whereas
AI is 1 kilg and cost
120,000 th000 rupia which one represent
the best the best value well at the
moment we can't really compare them
because the sizes and costs are both
different so it's hard to see which ones
more expensive to make them comparable
though we need to make either the cost
or the size the same in this case the
easiest way to do that would be to find
out how much each APLE cost per grass so
if we do APLE Fuji
first 63,000 rup
is the price for 900 grams so we need to
divide the 60,000 rupia by
900 grams to find out that it cost 70
rupes per GRS and then we do exactly the
same thing for AP lucky
so
120,000 rupia divided by a kilogram
which is 1,000 G to get 120 rupias per
grams and then by comparing these two
prices we can see that Apple Fuji is
better value because it costs 50 rupia
per GR com s cheaper than apal
lucky okay so next topic is sales
tax this is the tax paid on spending it
is included in the price paid for most
articles in many countries some articles
are free from sales tax for example
children's
cing and to to find the final price
after the sales tax the formula is to
multiply original price by
100% plus the tax
rate okay for example a computer cost
1,200 plus sales tax at 15%
so the question ask us to calculate the
selling
price following the formula above we
will get
,200 time 100% plus
15% which
is
115% so we will get
[Music]
$1,200 times
115 over 100 so the final price of the
computer is
1,0000 I mean
1,380 next topic is income
tax in income tax is paid on money
earned and most government believe that
richer people should pay more tax than
poorer people as a result of this the
amount of tax falls into different rates
or tax
banss in our country Indonesia these are
the tax bands so if you have
an annual salary up to 60 Millions
Indonesian rupia your tax rate will be
5% and if your annual salary is above 60
million to
250 million Indonesian rupia your tax
rate is 15%
and so
on okay for example Maya
earns 6 million Indonesian rupias for a
month as a
veterinarian what is her monthly income
tax bill so to calculate this first we
have to
find how much Maya earns in a year so we
just need to times the monthly
salary by 12 so we've got
72 million Indonesian
rupes and this
is in the second category because it is
above 60 million Indonesian rupes so
first we need to find out
the tax bill for the first
category so
60 million indonation rupias
times
5% which is 5 over 100 so we'll get 3
million Indonesian
rups the remainder of my uh salary
is 72 - 60 and we'll get 12 million
indonation
Ras we times it with the second tax rate
which is
15% 15 over 100
so the second categor tax bill is a
million and
800,000 Indonesian
rupias so the
total income tax bill for Maya in a year
is 3 million plus 1 milon
800 which is equals to
4,800 Indonesian rupia
but the Cent ask for her monthly income
tax bill so we need to divide this total
tax by 12 because in a year there are 12
months so we've got
400,000 Indonesian rupia that means Maya
has to pay
400,000 Indonesian RUP
for her income tax bill for a
month last topic of today's lesson is
foreign
currency different currencies are
exchanged and converted around the world
so an accurate rate of conversion is
needed this this table below shows some
examples of values compared to one
Indonesian
rupia so for example Maya a student from
Indonesia is planning a trip to Japan
she wants to exchange some Indonesian
Ras to Japan Yen Japanese Yen for her
travel
expenses let's say Maya exchanges a
million Indonesian rupes how many
Japanese Yen
that so to calculate
this we use the conversion rates in the
table one Indonesian Ras is equals to
0.0964 Japanese Yen so for a million
Indonesian rupia we just need to times
it
by the conversion rates so 1 million
time
0.0964 Japanese Yen
so Maya will get 9,6
full Japanese Yen
[Music]
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