Psychological Principles of Learning

Summary

This video explores key psychological principles of learning, including the nature of the learning process, the goals of learning, and the construction of knowledge. It highlights the importance of intentional teaching, understanding by design, and metacognition in promoting responsible learning. The speaker emphasizes the difference between acquiring skills naturally and learning them deliberately, while also discussing the role of guided practice and strategic thinking in education. The video offers valuable insights into how learners' behaviors and cognitive processes shape their educational journey.

Takeaways

• 😀 Psychology is the study of human behavior, and principles are guides or indicators that support specific concepts in learning.
• 😀 Observable responses to learning can only be seen in individuals with normal brain activity, highlighting the importance of cognitive health.
• 😀 The nature of the learning process must be intentional, and the role of parents is important in the subconscious demonstration of skills like eating.
• 😀 Acquiring skills (like eating) is different from learning them. Acquiring is automatic, while learning requires conscious effort.
• 😀 The goals of the learning process are achieved when learners understand what they must do and ultimately realize their learning outcomes.
• 😀 Learning should occur backwards (Understanding by Design), where learners ask questions until they fully understand a concept, similar to an inquiry-based approach.
• 😀 Albert Einstein emphasized the importance of asking questions over simply relying on innate intelligence as a means of learning.
• 😀 Knowledge construction is an active process. For example, learning about water's chemical compound or evaporation is an example of how knowledge is built through experience.
• 😀 Skills and knowledge are enhanced through constant practice and engagement, not just through passive reception of information.
• 😀 Metacognition (thinking about thinking) is vital for responsible learning. Learners who engage in metacognition are more proactive and responsible in their learning approach.
• 😀 Talent may be inborn, but skills require practice and guidance to develop fully. Teachers and instructors are essential for turning raw potential into mastery.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video?

The video focuses on explaining the psychological principles of learning, such as the nature of learning, the goals of the learning process, and the importance of metacognition.

What is the difference between acquiring and learning?

Acquiring refers to gaining a skill or knowledge involuntarily, while learning is a more conscious process where the learner has control over whether to accept or reject the knowledge.

Why is the process of learning considered intentional?

Learning is intentional because it requires conscious effort and guidance, unlike the natural process of acquiring skills, such as eating, which happens subconsciously and without direct instruction.

What is meant by 'backwards design' in the learning process?

'Backwards design' refers to a learning approach where the educator starts with the desired outcome or goals and then plans the learning process backwards to ensure those goals are met.

How does asking questions contribute to the learning process?

Asking questions is vital in the learning process because it promotes critical thinking and deeper understanding. According to Einstein, it’s not about being smart, but about persistently questioning to achieve true understanding.

What is 'construction of knowledge' in the learning process?

Construction of knowledge refers to the idea that learners build or create knowledge themselves, often through experiences and activities, rather than simply receiving information passively.

Why is it important not to underestimate workshops and seminars?

Workshops and seminars are important because they provide more than just knowledge; they offer information and practical experiences that help improve skills, which is essential for personal and professional development.

What is strategic thinking in the context of learning?

Strategic thinking in learning involves using problem-solving and critical thinking skills to analyze and make decisions. The example in the video demonstrates how to apply strategic thinking when calculating change.

What role does metacognition play in learning?

Metacognition, or thinking about thinking, helps learners become more self-aware of their learning process, making them more responsible and effective in their learning activities.

What is the difference between natural and nurtured learning abilities?

Natural learning abilities, like musical talent, are inborn and innate. However, nurtured abilities, like skill production, require guidance and instruction from teachers or mentors to be fully developed.