The AUSSIE Leopard AS1

Summary

В этом видео рассказывается о знаменитом австралийском танке Leopard AS1, который был в эксплуатации с 1976 года и служил около 30 лет. Танк отличается отличным сочетанием мобилити и огневой мощи, хотя имеет немного толстую броню. В видео подробно описываются особенности конструкции, двигателя, трансмиссии, системы управления огнем и многое другое. Зрители также узнают о различных модификациях и улучшениях, внедренных на протяжении десятилетий, что делает Leopard AS1 одним из самых известных и уважаемых танков в истории.

Takeaways

• 🇦🇺 Леопард 1 ( Leopard 1 ) - австралийский основной боевой танк, который начал службы в 1976 году и использовался около 30 лет.
• 🔧 В процессе эксплуатации Леопард 1 прошел несколько модернизаций, включая переход от пружинных стопоров к гидравлическим, а также улучшение радиаторов для работы в жарких условиях.
• 🚀 Леопард 1 оснащен двигателем MB 838 CaM 500, 10-цилиндровым двойным механическим наддувным, способным выдавать около 830 лошадиных сил.
• 🛠 Быстрота и маневренность - ключевые преимущества Леопарда 1, с возможностью достижения скорости до 62 км/ч и преодоления препятствий, таких как 3-метровые траншеи и 4-метровые водные преграды.
• 🔄 Леопард 1 имеет отличную передвижность по бездорожью, благодаря наличию амортизаторов на первых трех дорожных колесах и гибкой подвеске.
• 💺 Командирский короб имеет уникальную безопасностную механику, которая предотвращает закрытие крышки при прохождении водой, гарантируя постоянный приток воздуха.
• 🏹 Леопард 1 оснащен британским L7 105-мм оружием, способным стрелять различными типами боеприпасов, включая снаряды с подкалиберным оружием и многоствольные дымовые гранаты.
• 📡 Система управления огнем на Леопарде 1 включает лазерный дистанционный измеритель и возможность управления огнем с помощью вторичного сайта.
• 🔄 Леопард 1 имеет возможность быстро и легко менять экипаж, что делает его надежным и поддерживающим боевую эффективность.
• ❄️ На Леопарде 1 есть специальные приспособления для движения по снегу и льду, включая наклейки (growlers) для увеличения сцепления.
• 🎯 Система управления огнем и обнаружения цели на Леопарде 1 обеспечивает высокую точность и эффективность при использовании различных типов боеприпасов.
• 📅 Осенью 2024 года планируется проведение Oz Arma Fest, на котором участники смогут попробовать поездку на Леопарде 1.

Q & A

Какой танк является основным объектом рассмотрения в скрипте?

Основным объектом рассмотрения в скрипте является австралийский танк Leopard AS1, также известный как Leopard 13.

Когда были введены в эксплуатацию танки Leopard AS1 в Австралии?

Танки Leopard AS1 были введены в эксплуатацию в Австралии в 1976 году.

Какие изменения были сделаны на Leopard AS1 в процессе эксплуатации?

В процессе эксплуатации на Leopard AS1 были сделаны следующие изменения: переход от пружинных амортизаторов к гидравлическим, установка тропических радиаторов для лучшей водной системы при работе в высоких температурах, увеличение мобильности и огневой мощи.

Какие характеристики двигателя MB 838 10-цилиндрового двигателя?

Двигатель MB 838 10-цилиндровый двигатель имеет двойной механический наддув, является многофункциональным двигателем, развивает мощность около 830 лошадиных сил при 2200 оборотах в минуту.

Какие особенности мобильности танка Leopard AS1?

Leopard AS1 имеет отличную мобильность благодаря своему 4-ступенчатому трансмиссионеру, с возможностью достижения скорости до 62 км/ч, а также способность пересекать 3-метровые траншеи и подниматься на 1-метровые ступени.

Какие виды брони использовались на Leopard AS1?

На Leopard AS1 использовались разные виды брони, включая 30 мм внешнюю пластину, 40 мм промежуток, пополненный полиуреthan, и 35 мм внутреннюю пластину, а также 12 мм внешняя пластина с 58 мм промежуточным пространством и 35 мм внутренней пластиной.

Какие виды снарядов могло использовать орудие Leopard AS1?

Орудие Leopard AS1 могло использовать различные типы снарядов, включая бронебойные снаряды с откидывающимся саботажом (APDS), тренировочные снаряды (DST), высоких разрушительных снарядов (HE), снаряды с термическими элементами (HEAT) и многоствольные дымовые гранаты (canister).

Какой система управления огнем установлена на Leopard AS1?

На Leopard AS1 установлена система управления огнем, разработанная компанией SABCA, которая включает лазерный дистанционный измеритель и может принимать входные данные на расстояние до 4 000 метров.

Какие особенности командного механизма на Leopard AS1?

Командный механизм на Leopard AS1 включает уникальную безопасную систему, которая не позволяет закрыть командный крытый люк, когда танк проходит через воду, чтобы обеспечить подачу воздуха. Также имеется возможность перекрытия привода привода танка, если это необходимо.

Какие системы обеспечивают безопасность экипажа внутри танка?

Системы обеспечения безопасности экипажа включают в себя многофункциональные амортизаторы, пневматические системы, которые можно отключить при необходимости, а также механизмы защиты от случайного перекрытия привода.

Какие дополнительные функции выполняет багельный механизм на Leopard AS1?

Багельный механизм на Leopard AS1 обеспечивает дополнительную сцепление для улучшения проходимости через снег и лед, позволяя менять багельные доски даже при их износе.

Outlines

00:00

🚀 Описание танка Leopard 1 в австралийской армии

Параграф 1 описывает историю и основные характеристики танка Leopard 1, который использовался в австралийской армии с 1976 года и был в эксплуатации около 30 лет. Автор говорит о личном опыте работы на этом танке в течение 12 лет и изменившихся особенностях, таких как переход от пружинных до гидравлических амортизаторов и увеличение мощности двигателя. Особое внимание уделяется передней мобильности, системе трансмиссии и характеристикам двигателя MB 838 CaM 500, а также защите и возможностях по переправлению через препятствия.

05:01

🔥 Информация о вооружении и системе управления огнем танка Leopard 1

Параграф 2 фокусируется на вооружении и системы управления огнем танка Leopard 1. Описывается основное вооружение - британская пушка L7, ее характеристики и различные типы боеприпасов, которые могут быть использованы, включая саботажные и огнеметные ракеты. Также рассматриваются система управления огнем, включая лазерный дистанционный измеритель и панораму командира, а также особенности работы с механизмами и оборудованием внутри башни.

10:01

🛠️ Обзор технических характеристик и оборудования танка Leopard 1

Параграф 3 завершает обзор технических характеристик танка Leopard 1, описывая его внутренние особенности, такие как система вентиляции, гидравлические системы, оборудование для управления огнем и обслуживания оружия. Упоминается также история использования танка в военных операциях и его значимость для австралийской армии. В конце автор приглашает слушателей на Oz Arma Fest 2024, где можно будет насладиться поездкой на Leopard 1.

Keywords

💡Australian theme

The term 'Australian theme' refers to the focus on the country of Australia and its related subjects in the context of the video. In this case, it is about the leopard as1, a tank used by Australia since 1976, which is the central topic of the video. The Australian theme is significant as it sets the geographical and historical context for the discussion on the leopard tank's service and adaptations to suit the country's needs.

💡leopard as1

The 'leopard as1' is a specific model of a battle tank, which is the main subject of the video. It is a medium battle tank known for its mobility and firepower, rather than heavy armor protection. The leopard as1 was in service in Australia for approximately 30 years, and the video provides an in-depth look at its features, modifications, and operational history within the Australian military context.

💡Mobility

In the context of the video, 'Mobility' refers to the ability of the leopard as1 tank to move quickly and efficiently across various terrains. The leopard is noted for its excellent mobility, which includes its four-speed transmission and powerful engine, allowing it to reach speeds up to 62 km/h. This characteristic was prioritized over heavy armor, making the tank fast and maneuverable, which was suitable for the tactical requirements of the Australian military.

💡Firepower

Firepower in the context of the video pertains to the offensive capabilities of the leopard as1 tank, particularly its ability to deliver powerful and accurate fire support. The leopard is equipped with a British L7 rifled gun, which can fire various types of ammunition, including armor-piercing discarding sabot (APDS) rounds and high-explosive squash head (HESH) rounds. The tank's firepower was enhanced over time, with the introduction of canister rounds and other ammunition types, allowing it to engage in a variety of combat scenarios effectively.

💡Armor

The term 'Armor' refers to the protective layering on the leopard as1 tank, designed to shield it from enemy fire and other threats. Unlike other tanks that prioritize heavy armor, the leopard as1 has thinner armor but compensates with its speed and firepower. The armor's composition and design, such as the use of polyurethane-filled gaps and angled plates, provide a certain level of protection while maintaining the tank's mobility.

💡Engine

The 'Engine' is the power source of the leopard as1 tank, enabling it to achieve high mobility. The leopard is equipped with an MB 838 10-cylinder twin mechanical supercharged engine, which is a multifuel engine capable of producing about 830 horsepower at 2200 RPMs. The engine's design allows for quick removal and replacement, contributing to the tank's reliability and ease of maintenance.

💡Suspension

The 'Suspension' system of the leopard as1 tank is a critical component that allows it to traverse different types of terrain with ease. The tank uses a torsion bar suspension with shock absorbers on the first three road wheels and a couple at the back, which helps to maintain stability and manage the impact of rough ground. This suspension system contributes significantly to the tank's mobility and the crew's comfort during movement.

💡Turret

The 'Turret' is the rotating armored structure on top of the tank that houses the main gun and provides 360° rotation for firing in various directions. The leopard as1 features a welded turret, which offers better protection compared to the earlier cast turret. The turret's design and protection levels are crucial for the tank's survivability in combat situations, and the video discusses the specific features and upgrades that enhance its protective capabilities.

💡Ammunition

Ammunition refers to the various types of shells and rounds used by the leopard as1 tank's main gun. The video discusses several types of ammunition, including armor-piercing discarding sabot (APDS) rounds, high-explosive squash head (HESH) rounds, and canister rounds, each designed for different combat scenarios and purposes. The availability and variety of ammunition are essential for the tank's versatility and effectiveness on the battlefield.

💡Fire Control System

The 'Fire Control System' is a complex of equipment and technologies designed to assist the tank crew in accurately aiming and firing the main gun. In the case of the leopard as1, the Fire Control System includes a laser rangefinder and other sensors that provide data for ballistic calculations. This system is crucial for enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of the tank's firepower, allowing it to engage targets at various ranges with precision.

💡Crew Commander

The 'Crew Commander' is the leader of the tank's crew, responsible for making strategic decisions and coordinating the tank's movements and actions. The video provides insights into the unique safety mechanisms and operational features of the leopard as1's Commander's Hatch, which is designed to ensure the crew's safety during water crossings and other challenging situations. The role of the Crew Commander is vital for the effective operation of the tank and the survival of its crew.

Highlights

Introduction to the Australian-themed Leopard AS1, a favorite tank with service history dating back to 1976.

Adaptations made to the Leopard AS1 for its Australian service, including changes from spring bump stops to hydraulics and tropical radiators.

The Leopard AS1's classification as a medium battle tank due to its relatively thin armor but excellent mobility and firepower.

Details of the Leopard's transmission and engine specifications, including the powerful MB 838 engine and its quick removal process.

Features that enhance the Leopard's mobility, such as its ability to cross a 3m trench and underwater capabilities.

The unique safety mechanism of the Commander's Hatcher and its importance during water traversal.

Explanation of the Leopard's suspension system and its role in improving cross-country speed and shock absorption.

The A3's transition to a welded turret and the specific armor thicknesses and angles that contribute to its protection.

Information on the Leopard's main armament, the British L7 gun, and its capabilities against tanks of the era.

Description of the various types of ammunition the Leopard could fire, including armor-piercing discarding sabot (APDS) and high-explosive squash head (HESH) rounds.

The introduction of canister rounds in the mid-90s and their use for clearing infantry and barbed wire.

Explanation of the multi-barrel smoke grenade discharger system and its tactical applications.

Details on the tank's Fire Control System, including its laser range finder and ability to fire different types of ammunition.

Commander's perspective on the panoramic site (TRP 2A) and its features, such as the stadiametric range finder and hunter-killer capability.

Insider view of the loader's position, including the operation of radios, manual loading process, and safety features.

Overview of the ammunition storage and the tank's ballistic computer, highlighting the importance of various sensors within the tank.

The significance of the crosswind sensor and its role in measuring wind speed for accurate firing.

Historical context of the Leopard AS1's involvement in battles within the Australian area of operations, such as Binar and Hat Dick.

Invitation to experience the Leopard 105 firsthand at the Oz Arma Fest 2024, showcasing the tank's ongoing relevance and appeal.

Transcripts

So today we're looking at and a bit of

an Australian theme is the leopard as1

or commonly known as the leopard 13 so

Australia got these in about 1976 had

them in service for about 30 years I did

about 12 years on this vehicle so it's

pretty much one of my favorites we did a

few changes along the way we went from

Spring bump stops to hydraulic tropical

radiators obviously operating in hotter

temperatures we need better water flow

we had more mobility and Firepower

rather than protection so it's really

only classed as a medium battle tank cuz

the armor is a little bit thinner but it

was fast and had a good gun for its time

Mobility on the leopard is excellent

It's a four-speed transmission each gear

is uh governed uh first gear goes to 13

km second gear 24 third gear 36 and in

fourth we can get up to our 62 km hour

so this is the MB 838 10 cylinder twin

mechanical supercharged engine it is a

multifuel engine puts out about 830

horsepower at 2200 RPMs this engine pack

can be taken out in about 30 minutes so

it's a very easy engine to take in and

out um and very reliable at full speed

it will cross a 3M trench it can climb

about a meter step we can forward with

this vehicle so we can actually go up to

4 m in depth underwater in order to do

that on the engine bay and around the

side of the hole we have about 13 valves

that close and two valves known as clack

bang valves which are on the inside of

the turret into the firewall and we put

a tower on the crew Commanders position

and from there that's where all the air

is drawn in to run our engine the

Commander's Hatcher is a very unique

safety mechanism if we're going through

water there's a micro switch it prevents

us from closing the Commander's hatch

cuz we need to have air coming through

so it actually switches off the engine

running gear fully tracked torsch bar

suspension with this it allows us to go

cross country a lot quicker we have

shock absorbers on the first three road

wheels with bump stops and a couple of

shock absorbers at the back as we come

up the driver sits in this position here

it's an automatic so he has an

accelerator and the brake now the brake

pedal is big enough to put both uh feet

on at one time now at full speed if you

apply the brake uh hard this will stop

in its own vehicle length so the brakes

are very big on on this vehicle and they

can stop you quite quickly the A3 went

into the welded turret prior to that we

had a cast turret which we have on our

185 the outer plate is about 30 mm and

we have a 40 mm Gap said to be filled

with polyurethane and on the inside we

have a 35 mm plate now this equates at a

65° angle to about 248 mm of protection

so not too bad in that respect we go to

the side uh we've got a 12 mm outer

plate a 58 mm Gap in between and then a

35 mm plate on the inside this is angled

back at about 24° so this gives us

around about 11 14.9 mm of protection so

this is more to go against the Heat

round earlier turrets weren't really

protected that well but as we've seen

especially with Canadian leopards

they're mexus they have that extra armor

plating all around their cast turrets on

the mantlet we generally have a mixture

of about 30 mm and changing around to

about 20 mm but when we go back behind

the mantlet there is Extra Protection

there some areas have got 60 mm some are

got 50 mm of protection the front

glasses plate 70 M thick angled back at

about 60° so this gives us a line of

sight of about 140 mil so as I said not

a very well armored tank but it was fast

so in that respect you want to use it

for a more defensive role so you can sit

in the position use the gun to its good

effect at longer ranges and then when

the to move very quickly from one

defensive position to another so in that

respect it was a a very wellth thought

out tank these R are Growers essentially

used for snow and ice we can take these

pads out even if they get worn out we

can take them out so essentially we'd

have a pin that would come through here

and it pushes on a plate we' get a bar

in here and we just lever the pad out so

about 1

in8 alternating uh left and right we'd

put a grower in and this gives us extra

traction if we're going through snow and

ice this is the British L7 so this come

about around about 1959 to combat that t

54 t55 era of Tanks so it's a rifled gun

28 lands and grooves 56 calibers long I

believe it's got a Twist so it said to

have one twist in 20 calibers just from

memory I think it had about four twists

along the way we can fire a number of

different types of ammunition obviously

our main one armor piercing discarding

Sabo comes out at about 1478 m/s uh we

also have a DST so it's our essentially

our practice round about 15 39 M A

second we can fire hash round high

explosive squash head comes out at about

732 with hash we can use this gun if

we're firing direct we can go up to

4,000 M if we're firing indirect so

essentially we can still see the target

but it's above the ballistic input of

4,000 M we can shoot out to about 8 km

with a hash round early on could fire a

heat round the only problem with the

heat round is because it imparted spin

with the rifling when it would hit the

target it would try and spin off the

Russians actually fixed that with their

heat round on the t72 where they put a

rotating ring on it we also had a purse

comes about 826 m/ second this fires

about

4,400 flash ETS and that stuff will go

through body armor mid 90s we started

introducing canister so this is

essentially a big shotgun shell the only

problem with canister it's very short

range we generally fire it off the Hesh

scale uh but it was good up to about 300

M good for clearing infantry and Barb

Wire the only problem with that is could

place additional wear on your rifling up

here so this is the multibarrel smoke

grenade discharger system so there's

four on either side they're all on

different angles slightly so what we'

generally do is we'd uh if we wanted to

fire the right Bank uh which the

commander does electronically from his

position we Traverse off the left 11:00

fire that bank fire the left side

Travers off the right at 1:00 and fire

that bank fires a dm15 smoke grenade

goes out about 60 m in front of the

vehicle later on WE swapped the dm15 for

a dm45 up the top here we have the tank

Fire Control System made by sabka this

is a laser range finder within that site

so it'll take any input up to 4,000 M we

could L out to

9,995 M but then if you want to shoot

over that that's where the crew

Commander earns his dollars goes to his

uh range tables so for whatever reason

we can't use our main site we'll go to

the secondary site can wind on the range

for this so we can fire all Natures of

ammunition from that secondary site we

have our search light so this is a white

light infrared search light when you go

on the white light said there be about

30 million canala power so we can shoot

out to about 1500 M using that white

light search light the only problem is

if you're using white light people can

see you so we do have that infrared

system Commander can look through his

infrared site and see the infrared beam

and still be able to shoot generally out

to about that 1,500 M Mark I'm in the

commanders of position so this is where

I spent a couple of years as what we

call a Bravo crew Commander so in my

position here I've got the uh Commander

control so I can actually override the

Gunner or I can point the turret in a

position where I want him to look or

identify a

Target my main site that I have here is

the trp 2A so it's a panoramic site so I

can look 360° all the way around on the

right hand side I've got a dent switch

so I can unlock it and I can use my

Travis hand wheel to Travers the site

all the way around I've got got a Time 4

to * 20 magnification on this site now

this also has a stadiametric range

finder so the two knobs that we have

here U measurements in uh meters so

essentially if I know the width and

height of a vehicle I can put that into

its height and its width and within the

side itself there's a perforated box

once I put that box around the target I

can then read off the range to that

Target and then I can either shoot off

my site or give a uh range uh to the

Gunner to shoot at now it also has what

I would call a very basic hunter killer

role so essentially as I said I can turn

it

360° if I unlock my when I unlock my

detent switch I can Travers around say

to 3:00 if I identify a Target I can

then lock my detent switch in and then

once the Gunner traverses right once my

site and the Gunner site are locked in

the site will actually lock in so now

what the Gunner is looking at is what

I'm looking at I am in the loaders

position how much room is in here this

is a massive amount of room considering

I'm only 5'4 so a lot of room for me and

this was a great position once I

finished gunning I went to the loaders

position so the loader will essentially

operate the radios that are right behind

him he loads everything manually we have

our make brake buttton here so

essentially you want to sort of make

sure the circuit's broken because the

gun fires electrically it could reach

through open up the breach load the ramp

and then the breach would close behind

along this side here we have what's

known as our 13 round ready rack apds

along the side here and then down the

the side is a 39 Round ready rack we

also hold four underneath the gun apds

three apds standing up so we have a

total of 59 main armor rounds on this

side here have our th000 round for 7.62

so this feeds into the mg3 machine gun

which is COA mounted when we're firing

we have a system if we're firing the gun

we can uh take out all those fumes from

inside the turret and when we're firing

the machine gun we just simply change

the handle around which is located on

the right hand side of the machine gun

mount and again we can scavenge all

those uh fumes out the lootus control

box the master switch provides power to

the turret so that's got to be on uh and

he also makes sure his Hydraulics are on

he can actually switch the hydraulic

switches off if he needs to do something

within the Travis area just so that the

Gunner doesn't accidentally Traverse on

him so a couple of good safety features

well with inside the turret pistol Port

we can load rounds in and out and from

you can see how thick the turret armor

is along the back here part from the

radios carry spare barrels for the mg3

so there's three per gun we had one

inside one out carried grenades total of

603 either side this handle here as I

said the tank can for we generally pump

up the foring Hydraulics so this has

also a turret ring seal we go up to

about two two bar of pressure and uh we

can go into water and keep essentially

all the water out where you're sitting

where your feet are is a ballistic

computer so in order to bring in a lot

of information into that ballistic

computer that compensates the site we

have a number of sensors within the tank

uh that measure a number of different

variables inside we have a temperature

grain which will measure the temperature

of the rounds themselves and how long

they've been uh stored within the tank

temperature pressure so we're also

measuring pressure both inside and

temperature ambient outside the

difference between firing around in

either extreme cold or extreme heat can

make the rounds do different things for

the internal ballistics when it's firing

we also measure our EFC our equivalent

full charge the barrel has a lifespan of

about 215 efc's so an apds round is one

EFC uh if we're firing Hesh it's uh you

know about

02 I think of an EFC so it doesn't place

a lot lot of wear on the barrel cuz it

flies a lot slower so all our sensors

essentially our um non-standard sensors

are up here and that'll give you a good

indication of what's available we also

have a crosswind sensor which is on top

of the roof it's uh looks like a little

bird cage stuff so it's got a heated

filament and when the wind comes from

either you know left to right or right

to left that filament will cool down on

one side uh so it measures the wind

blowing across the front of our vehicle

but not at Target end so that was the

only drawback of that we could have no

wind at at our end but we could have

high wind at the other so you just you

could turn it off especially in high

wind because you could actually see your

sight move so when first arm regiment

went to Vietnam be Squad in particular

they got involved in uh a couple of

battles known as binar and hat dick both

of these are Villages within the

Australian's area of operations so

hattick was one of the battle Honors

that we have on our standard along with

bin bar when we name our tanks if we had

an a squad tank it' start with an a we

had a b Squad tank B so this is a

headquarters tank so this generally

belongs to the commanding officer so we

start with a h other cosos depending on

the era also had a tank called Hilda

best Cold War era tank by far no

everybody has their own favorite tanks

but being on this it's a personal

favorite so if you want to have a ride

on our leopard 105 make yourself

available for Oz Arma Fest 2024 last

weekend in

August